Composition of white paste inlay on the pottery from sites of the 10th–8th centuries bce in the northern Pontic region

For the first time, the mineralogical–geochemical compositions of the white paste inlay found on vessels from sites (10th–8th centuries bce ) in the northern Pontic region are investigated. Samples of the white paste on vessels from settlements, burials of sedentary groups and graves of early nomads were analysed by means of scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. Between the 10th and eighth centuries bce , various innovations occurred in the working area. Iron processing technology and the manufacture of iron products also appeared. Other innovations were changes in the manufacturing technology of ceramics. A high-quality, polished/burnished surface and ornaments with white paste inlay are characteristic of this pottery. When collating white paste mixtures of different European sites, similarities in the preparation of white paste recipes for vessels from the Balkan and northern Pontic regions are evident. During the Early Iron Age, further changes in the manufacture of the white paste were discovered in the northern Pontic region, namely the application of high-temperature firing to obtain more resistant synthesized material such as calcium alumosilicates and silicates (wollastonite). The development of iron metallurgy in this period could provide a basis for the elaboration of new techniques in ceramic manufacture.     

The segregation of generations: ancestral groups in Sydney, 2011

Most models of immigrant minority enclave formation in cities represent their situation as relatively transient elements in urban residential mosaics. As minority group members become both economically integrated and socially–culturally assimilated into the host society, so they move away from the enclaves where they initially concentrated. Such shifts are especially likely in the second and later generations of group members, who are more likely to overcome the disadvantages experienced by many of the original settlers with regard to human capital. This paper evaluates that model using data on the residential distributions of three generations of those claiming one of 19 different ancestral groups in Sydney in 2011, at four nested spatial scales, deploying a recently developed inferential method for evaluating the intensity of residential segregation. The findings are not consistent with the model: in general, members of the second and third generations in any ancestral group are as segregated as the first generation (that is, those born outside Australia) at both regional and neighbourhood scales.     

环渤海地区三大城市群外向服务功能测度与比较

选取1997年和2004年环渤海地区京津冀、辽中南、山东半岛三大城市群的人口、从业人员、GDP、人均GDP等指标,运用外向功能量、城市流强度、城市流倾向度等模型,测度了三大城市群外向服务功能,并与长三角、珠三角相比较。结果表明:京津冀城市群外向服务功能居环渤海地区首位,辽中南次之,山东半岛位居最后;与1997年相比,山东半岛、京津冀外向服务功能均呈上升态势,仅辽中南出现了小幅度下降;与长三角、珠三角相比,三大城市群外向服务功能都弱于长三角,京津冀外向服务功能略强于珠三角,而辽中南和山东半岛则明显弱于珠三角。     

论美国早期汉学研究

美国汉学兴起于19世纪中叶,起步虽晚,但发展迅速。早期美国汉学研究有两个显著的特征：一是以来华传教士为主体。裨治文、卫三畏是其中主要代表。他们精通中文,熟悉中国历史文化,汉学研究水平之高、程度之深、范围之广是前所未有的。二是注重中国现实特别是关注中国近代化问题的研究,从而开启了美国汉学注重现实的先河,使汉学研究摆脱了欧洲汉学古典规范的束缚。但早期美国汉学也存在着缺乏专职性和研究群体单一性的严重不足。     

江苏上新世以来的哺乳动物群

文章总结了江苏境内发现的上新世以来的哺乳动物群,梳理了有关动物群的时代、性质和相对关系,并结合一些重要动物群的绝对年代数据,以期建立江苏生物地层的基本框架。     

Policy Feedback and Preschool Funding in the American States

The early childhood education policy community has been described as a “divided constituency” in which groups with the same underlying goals sometimes work at cross purposes. This article examines how this internal division affects the contemporary funding of preschool education. It finds that states with a relatively large Head Start community are significantly more likely not to fund preschool education and significantly less likely to dedicate preschool funding exclusively to a freestanding state program. These results suggest that the creation and political solidification of Head Start generated policy feedback. They contributed to an ongoing tension within the early education community as Head Start beneficiaries viewed the creation of a freestanding preschool program as a political threat. This political dynamic illustrates the more general way in which the existence of a public policy can alter the dynamics of future political action.     

中大语言历史学研究所与现代中国西南民族研究

本文以中山大学语言历史学研究所的运作理念和学术实践为考察视角,试图将其放入新思潮的背景之下,由个人扩大到群体,对研究所同仁在"科学方法论"指导下开创的西南民族研究及其学术影响作出了讨论。语史所同仁利用其所倡导的田野调查实践和多学科交叉融合等方法对西南民族的调查研究,不仅开启了中国现代西南民族研究之先声,还直接催生了历史学与人类学、民俗学、民族学等诸多交叉学科的形成和新的学术流派的诞生。但是,我们也应该看到,其早期的研究实践也存在着明显的不足:一是由于民族学田野调查缺乏必要的理论指导和学科训练,致使对调查方法和研究分析工具的掌握有欠成熟;二是受研究经费的不足和战乱的影响,导致调查时间的不足,一定程度上影响了调查结论的深度和准确性。     

临汾龙山文化陶寺类型聚落群研究

临汾辖区陶寺类型遗址有二百多处,经研究,在龙山文化时期,陶寺类型文化的主人,控制了临汾盆地。从整体看,其聚落群的组合多为金字塔模式,反映了当时社会的表象。其文化特征是完全统一的,反映了人们在统一的礼制规范下进行生产、生活,是同一个族团。陶寺城址是这个庞大族团政治、经济、文化的核心,是这个族团的国都。陶寺古城前期的主人是帝喾,后期的主人是帝尧。     

槟城领事谢湘与该地华人社会及其免职风波

藉1931年至1933年《光华日报》及《槟城新报》的报道,讨论了粤籍人士谢湘任中华民国驻槟榔屿领事期内,在履行保护和管理华侨、组织劝导华侨捐款救灾、促进商务交流提倡国货、发展海外华文教育及履行国府任务等职责中的表现,探讨了其上任一年半被免职的原因及该事件所折射出的槟城华人社会的种种侧面。从槟城华文报纸对谢湘免职的不同立场,可以看出这是一个有争议的历史问题,谢湘之被免职不仅与其任内的表现有关,还与槟城华侨社会不同方言群间的复杂权力关系有关,在深层次上凸显了福建方言群与广东方言群在主导当时槟城华人社会中的重要作用。被免职的谢湘极有可能是槟城华人社会帮权争斗下的一个牺牲品。