Gendered meanings and everyday experiences of violence in urban Brazil

Violent acts are not random, but are infused with meaning: those intended by the perpetrators and those ascribed by others. This article explores how dominant gangs in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro attempt to manipulate the meanings of violence to maintain their control of territory, presenting themselves as protectors of the community. Gangs impose violent punishment on residents who have breached their rules and behavioural norms. The messages they send out regarding the (un)acceptability of violence against women is highly ambiguous, however, which reduces women's options and increases levels of insecurity. Despite the ambiguity and unpredictability of gang rule, residents refrain from challenging gang control, preferring to moderate their own daily routines as a means to feel secure in the face of high levels of insecurity.     

日本中国新移民人口迁移的特征分析——以名古屋个案为例

论文以名古屋个案研究为基础,通过对在住中国人的出生地、社会阶层、数量变化和职业结构等方面的实地考察,解析了近年来日本中国新移民的人口迁移主要因素、人口变化趋势、要因以及职业分布特征。论文认为就业机会、居住环境、地域国际化政策是中国新移民迁入名古屋的主要影响因素;中国的经济实力增强、中国独生子女政策、中日关系的波动和恶化,是中国人口增加率呈现迟缓趋势的主要因素;在日本"构建多文化共生社会"的新政策背景下,华侨华人社会迎来了崭新时代。新华侨适应主流社会的方式和形态与老华侨大不相同。     

20世纪末以来澳大利亚移民政策的转型及其对华人新移民的影响

论文分析了二战后至20世纪90年代特别是20世纪末以来澳洲移民政策的演变,认为澳大利亚移民政策的改革与转型,主要是在经济理性主义的指导下进行的,并逐渐形成以技术移民为核心的移民选择体系。移民政策转型对华人新移民的影响主要表现在华人新移民数量持续稳定增长、地区来源构成发生重大变化、技术移民比重持续走高、女性移民越来越多、华人新移民地区分布趋向多元化、华人新移民回流潮日趋明显等方面。     

基于创业资源的会展经济效应作用机制多案例研究

会展产业的经济效应是会展研究领域的重要论题.本文在已有研究提出的理论模型的基础之上,从创业资源的需求和供给两方面,分别选取3家典型的创业企业作为需求方和1家会展企业作为供给方开展多案例研究并进行比较分析,验证得出基于创业资源的会展经济效应作用机制,并进一步揭示在这一作用过程中各种创业资源之间的互动关系.研究发现：会展活动在一定时间空间内集聚资源而产生供给,创业企业在开发创业机会的过程中受到高度的资源约束而产生需求,这种供需关系使得资源成为会展活动实现经济效应的传导手段,创业企业从会展活动中获得社会资源、技术资源、财务资源、组织资源、人力资源、物质资源等创业资源,其中社会资源和人力资源发挥了杠杆作用.     

提高转变经济发展方式的能力

加快转变经济发展方式,是我党探索社会主义建设规律取得的重大成果,是深入贯彻落实科学发展观的重要目标和战略举措,关系到改革开放和社会主义现代化建设全局,对党的执政能力建设和先进性建设提出了新的要求。为此,要认真学习贯彻十七届五中全会精神,适应新形势新任务的要求,努力提高转变经济发展方式的能力。     

日本名古屋华侨社区的演变与重建——基于现代社区理论视角的研究

论文采用文化人类学的方法,根据对名古屋华侨社会活动家的访谈和对＂名古屋中国春节祭＂的参与观察及与老港口城市横滨、神户的比较,分析阐述了初期名古屋华侨社区的社会文化变迁、新华侨的活跃和＂文化象征社区＂的构建,旨在以名古屋为例,反映以新移民为主体的日本华侨社会的最新动向和发展趋势,并借＂名古屋唐人街＂的构想,对华侨社区的未来发展进行了展望。     

1688-1690年康熙救助南下蒙古喀尔喀之新史料

康熙二十七年,蒙古喀尔喀部遭到准噶尔噶尔丹博硕克图汗的袭击,遂举部南下投奔清朝,并得到康熙的救助和安置。中国第一历史档案馆藏“内阁蒙古堂档”中抄录有数十件反映康熙二十七年至二十九年康熙救助喀尔喀难民的满文、蒙古文档案,这些档案客观而真实地反映了南下喀尔喀人的艰难处境以及康熙卓有成效的救助,具有其他史料不可替代的重要价值。     

人靠衣裳马靠鞍——漫谈“书名”的艺术

作者认为,书名对读者有先声夺人的功效。好的书名,应该做到新、切、雅、厚,与之相对的是陈腐、浮泛、鄙俗、浅薄。书是文化产品,作者多少负有提高公众文化品味的使命,让书名放出光彩,和提高作品本身的品质一样重要。     

执两用中：经济体制改革与政治体制改革的辩证思考——恩格斯晚年书信中历史唯物主义思想的当代启示

恩格斯的晚年书信,阐释和发展了马克思主义关于经济基础与上层建筑的关系原理,重新强调了二者在社会发展中的作用,特别是上层建筑的相对独立性及其对经济基础的巨大反作用,而且驳斥了＂经济决定论＂的观点,并进而提出历史合力论。这些思想为我们正在进行的经济体制改革和政治体制改革提供了重大的理论依据和有力的现实指导。     

Riparian environment in shaping social and economic behavior during the first phase of the evolution of Late Neolithic tell complexes in SE Hungary (6th/5th millennia BC)

The period corresponding to the initial phase of cultural evolution in the Late Neolithic of SE Hungary (turn of the 6th and 5th millennia) is characterized by a major transformation recorded both in settlement structure and strategy, as well as material culture of the agrarian societies settled in the SE part of the Great Hungarian Plains. According to the available chronological data and archeology from the sites of multi-layered settlement complexes (tells) located on natural highs of the floodplain of the River Tisza, during the initial phase of its evolution representatives of the Tisza Culture were mainly confined to the SE part of the Great Hungarian Plains south of the Körös River. This period was followed by a relatively stable phase lasting about 150 years which hallmarked the greatest northward expansion of the culture. Some studies noticed strange features in connection with the first settlement complexes dated to the first period especially along the northern borderline of the culture’s distribution; i.e. a loose cluster of distinct settlement nuclei instead of concentration of settlements to a confined area characteristic of tells. Furthermore, by the end of the first phase, in the evolution of some settlements a northward shift of the houses away from the water was recorded. Most likely these reflect a socioeconomic response to some transformation in the local and/or regional riparian environment. As shown by our data gained from the paleoecological analysis of freshwater mollusks from a tell site, the referred pre-transitional period was characterized by pronounced floods causing major perturbations in the regional riparian environment. At the same time, the introduction of new subsistence strategies including shellfishing and fishing and the reordering of settlement structure was also recorded at several sites implying a successful adaptation to such most likely climate-induced perturbation, which is contemporary with the 5.1 ky event known in the literature.