论自然标本的文物属性——以成都理工大学自然博物馆藏品为例

自然博物馆藏品中部分标本,在其被征集、研究、馆藏、展示过程中,不断积淀、附着重要的人文信息,成为具有文物特征的自然标本。然而,由于管理体制等原因,对于自然博物馆文物化标本尚缺乏科学管理办法,导致其重要的隐性人文信息得不到规范的管理和传播,不能凸现其实际科学研究价值。对此,应从自然博物馆及文物管理部门两方面入手,加强对具有文物特征标本的科学保护与管理。     

博物馆观众研究是博物馆教育研究的基本点——对博物馆观众定义的新探讨

博物馆观众是博物馆教育研究的核心问题。研究的进步依托于理论的成熟,但是目前学界有关博物馆观众这个定义的理论研究还处于一个发展阶段。本文作者对以往有关博物馆观众的若干流行定义进行了质疑和辨析,同时对博物馆观众的定义进行了新的探讨,提出了自己对于博物馆观众的理解,即博物馆观众是博物馆环境的直接体验行为人的集合体。文章结束部分进一步对博物馆环境、博物馆体验以及人的集合体等信息点进行了必要的深化补充。     

动态环境中的企业战略柔性

随着技术创新的加速和经济全球化的日益扩展,变化已成为企业外部环境的基本特征,战略柔性的重要性日益凸显。本文详细分析了动态环境的涵义,探讨了动态环境中战略柔性的理论内涵,并提出了在动态环境下企业增强战略柔性的基本途径。     

浙江瓯海出土一件西周青铜器腐蚀成因研究

为研究浙江温州瓯海M24墓出土的一件青铜器的腐蚀成因,采用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线荧光光谱仪（XRF）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、离子色谱分析仪（HPIC）等,对青铜剑腐蚀产物及其埋藏土壤进行了分析。结果表明,青铜剑已严重腐蚀,铜元素大量流失形成以锡元素为主的腐蚀产物。通过测量模拟瓯海土壤环境下的自腐蚀电位并参照CuH₂O体系的电位-pH图,推导出了浙江瓯海出土一件西周青铜器腐蚀反应历程。研究结果对类似出土文物有参考价值。     

All Things Depending: Renewing Interdependence in Oceania

ABSTRACT Despite the enormous efforts made to civilize the Hawaiian, the Maori, the Samoan, and Fijian, Islanders have not forgotten all of their stories and in fact many Pacific peoples are in a position to recover much of the knowledge that sustained communities for thousands of years. There is hope in what we have done to reclaim our heritages—finding our voices in our languages, stories, and songs, our perspectives in our arts and literatures, our muscle and will in our own political advocacy and pursuit of our rights in courts and international arenas. There is need, however, for a new vision that reunites human beings with all of their relations in the world, a vision necessary to sustain a very difficult struggle.     

Is Fish Health Food or Poison? Farmed Fish and the Material Production of Un/Healthy Nature*

Abstract: This paper contributes to scholarship on health and environment by focusing on connections between human health and political economy of seafood. The contemporary rise of aquaculture is an effort on the part of the seafood industry to escape the contradictions of capital that create crisis in capture fisheries. Yet intensive aquaculture may also create human health problems that contribute to new crises. Aquaculture practices not only increase production of healthful fish, but also lead to fish burdened with chemical pollutants about which there are a variety of health concerns. These health concerns pose problems for producers who may not be able to sell contaminated seafood. By examining the intertwined biochemical and social processes that produce multiple natures (fish bodies, human bodies and the aquatic environment), the paper shows that concerns about health are not only an outcome of political economic processes, but are also an explanatory factor in these processes.     

Grassroots Environmental Activism and the Internet: Constructing a Green Public Sphere in China

The past three decades have seen the resurgence of China's civil society through the blossoming of NGOs that campaign for various marginalised interests, including environmental protection. Many studies have examined the co-evolution of the Internet and China's civil society. This paper examines the role of the Internet in strengthening grassroots environmental activism, taking into consideration the corporatised character of Chinese NGOs. Through a detailed ethnographic case study of a leading grassroots environmental group, the Global Village of Beijing (GVB), I argue that Internet technologies effectively empower resource-poor activists in their self-representation, information brokering, network building, public mobilisation and construction of discourse communities. The Net therefore contributes to the nascent formation of a green public sphere in China by fostering a discourse that counterbalances rapid economic development. Also discussed here are issues that hamper this process, including resource limitations, the fragmentation of online discourse communities, and the marginalisation and “caging” of environmental discourse.     

Trace-element evidence for foreigners at a Maya port in Northern Yucatan

The present paper explores the potentials of trace elements in human dental enamel to indicate mobility and to detect the presence of individuals who had migrated into a community after childhood. Three Pre-Hispanic samples of infants from the Yucatán peninsula were chosen, one from the northern coast (Xcambó), one from the coast of the Gulf of Mexico (Campeche) and the last one from the tropical inland rain forest (Calakmul). Infants’ first permanent molars are the term of reference because infants were very likely born in the same place where they died and therefore are supposed to represent the local geo-chemical environment. Their chemical signature was then compared to the one of the adults from the site of Xcambó. The elemental composition was recorded by means of laser ablation-time of flight-ICP-MS. Sr and Ba (and secondly Mg and I) discriminate well the three infant samples. All the Early Classic adults from Xcambó fall within the range of variation of the site’s infants, while 25% of the Late Classic adults fall outside the range in agreement with archaeological, bioarcheological, and isotopic evidence. LA-ICP-Ms analyses of trace elements in archaeological samples can be an important analytical tool to detect foreigners in local populations. The selection of infants as reference values helps reduce the limits faced by trace element analyses in past human populations studies.