Geographic film as public research: re-visualizing/vitalizing a terraced landscape in the Italian Alps (Piccola terra/Small land, 2012)

This article describes an experience of geographic filmmaking carried out within a long-term research process (2000–2012) involving the terraced landscape of the Brenta Valley in the Italian Alps. The documentary Piccola terra [Small land] (2012) was co-produced by geographers and professional directors. Engaging in the recent debate on filmic geographies, the aim of this article is to discuss and show what makes a film ‘geographic’. The geographer authored a filmic interpretation of landscape which is spatially and temporally complex, open and mobile, anchored to material features and to personal stories and socio-economic contexts. Produced to support a campaign for the adoption of abandoned terraces by ‘new farmers’, the documentary Piccola terra serves as a means to engage society and produce landscape change. Geographic filmmaking as an action-, public- and social-oriented activity is discussed with reference to the so-called ‘impact agenda’. We propose a style of active engagement through filmmaking which is workable, rather than critical. In order to avoid purely auto-reflective, auto-referential academic speculation on doing filmic and public geographies, this paper, which ideally is read along with viewing of the documentary, materially enters the researched/filmed landscape, developing into a supplementary tool for the international dissemination of Piccola terra.     

The Early Settlement of South Norway after the Last Deglaciation: A Diasporic Perspective

Based on a theoretical approach of diaspora theory and the use of ethnographical comparative analysis, it is argued that the early settlement of South Norway probably brought about diasporic conditions. Archaeological and natural science records are applied to discuss the migrations of mobile hunter-gatherers with a shamanistic reindeer culture from the Continent, after deglaciation of the Weichselian ice cap. This paper discusses the diasporic people's identity, their survival as a group, their adaptation to the new environment and the development of an independent reindeer culture characterized by relics and meeting places, after the break in the regular contact between people in the area of origin and South Norway.     

Spectrographic Analyses of Mycenaean Pottery from Ialysos on Rhodes: Results and Implications

Abstract

The changing relations between the important Mycenaean site of Ialysos on Rhodes and the Argolid (in the Greek Peloponnese) during the LH III period (the 15th-12th centuries B.C.) have been studied through the pottery found in the tombs of the cemetery from Ialysos. The results of spectrographic analyses of well characterised and dated pots from Ialysos have made possible a clear distinction between locally produced Rhodian pottery and imports that were primarily from the Argolid. During the LH IIIA2 period the large majority of the cemetery pottery at Ialysos was imported from the Argolid. The same situation pertains in the IIIB period, but there are examples of imported pottery from centres other than the Argolid, such as Crete. In the 12th century B.C. (IIIC), however, the position was completely reversed, and the fine Mycenaean pottery was almost exclusively made on Rhodes.     

Feeding the Mountains: Sacred Landscapes,Mountain Worship,and Sacrifice in the Maya and Inca Worlds

Three texts reviewed here address the linkages between religion and mountainous landscapes in the Maya and Inca realms. Bassie-Sweet provides a thorough analysis of the Maya mythologies of creation and situates its players and concepts within the real world. Besom thoughtfully tackles the place of mountains and child sacrifice within the Andes with a focus on the late prehispanic Inca. Reinhard and Constanza offer a detailed and richly illustrated case study of state-sponsored child sacrifice on a mountaintop in the south of the Inca Empire. Taken together, these somewhat disparate books produce several fascinating parallels in the sacred geographies of mountains and the offerings made to them.     

说"国必依山川"

古人认为山为神灵傧居之所,川则通达于山之涂,大邑国都是承天命之处,而天子则以事神祭祀恪谨天命为主任,为本职,“国必依山川”说的正是大邑国都依山傍水,以便于君主上通于神明,以神道政教天下。学者们以经济原因解之,以今度古之论也。     

体验经济时代下旅游项目设计与实证研究

体验性旅游项目设计包括纵向深度设计和横向整合设计。旅游项目纵向设计是深度挖掘单项旅游资源(或吸引物)潜力,实现单项旅游项目经济价值最大化。并就感官指数,时间指数,复杂指数,环节指数,互动指数,交叉指数,遗憾指数,惯性指数8个因子和23个指标提出其定量评价指标体系。旅游项目横向设计,即旅游线路设计,是在纵向设计基础上,对旅游项目在空间上、类型上进行全方位横向整合设计。并以贡嘎山海螺沟风景名胜区为例,在纵向与横向两度空间进行旅游项目体验性设计,为景区体验性旅游项目设计提供理论、方法和范例。     

宋元之际四川主要城市地理分布格局演变探析

宋元战争之前,四川主要城市分布在四川西北部金牛道及其支线附近。宋元战争打破了四川主要城市原有地理分布格局,出于军事角度考虑,南宋将残存城市迁入山城之内,蒙元因之。山城中军民一体,是宋元之际四川城市地理格局演变的过渡形态。山城修建以江河为纲,增强了岷江—嘉陵江—长江水路的重要性,保存了四川残余的大部分城市资源。战后,山城保护的资源成为四川城市重建的重要基础,有力地促进了四川主要城市沿岷江—长江—嘉陵江水路分布于四川东南部地理新格局的形成。     

《周易·大畜》考释

《周易·大畜》向来被解为“大为畜聚” ,这是非常浅显的。本文从文字、易象、易理等方面考释论证 ,认为有三层涵义 :一、指大人死后神灵畜居于山中 ;二、记载的是大人前往山中祭祀先王的过程 ;三、指大人必须顺承先王之德、之道 ,自畜人君之德。     

南京包山式城墙典型病害及整体坍塌预警分析

南京城墙作为现存的世界第一城垣，对其安全性进行科学评估尤为重要。包山式城墙为南京城墙的主要形式之一，由于其与土体相连，受力特点不同于常规的自承重城墙。本研究整理了包山式城墙的6种典型病害，并提出了包山式城墙的数值建模方法，将其简化为城墙-粘结界面-土体的模型。利用ABAQUS软件，结合工程实例模拟土坡强度折减后包山式城墙的鼓胀。研究结果表明：随着土体的强度下降，包山式城墙的位移不断增大形成鼓胀现象，最终发生倾覆坍塌，可通过墙体底部拉应力-顶点位移曲线中的明显拐点确立监测变形预警值；在此基础上，讨论土坡高度对整体坍塌的影响，并给出放坡角度的合理取值；城墙底部的积水浸泡会导致底部强度折减进而发生相对错动，可通过底部墙体达到极限抗拉强度时的最大相对位移确立监测变形预警值。最后，提出了包山式城墙的修缮保护建议。