"良妻贤母"与"贤妻良母"的不同命运——近代中日女子教育比较

“良妻贤母”曾经是近代日本女子教育的代名词,有知识、有文化,始终是近代日本妇女的“贤”与“良”的主要标准之一。其时的中国也曾受其影响,以培养“贤妻良母”为目标。然而,近代以后半封建、半殖民地的社会状况使中国妇女不可能像日本妇女那样,在相对安稳的环境下去接受教育和知识的熏陶。日本的“良妻贤母”与中国的“贤妻良母”不仅有着不同的内涵,也面临着完全不同的命运。     

大众传媒与日本当代文学——以梦枕貘的《阴阳师》系列为中心

后工业社会中的大众传媒,尤其是电子传媒极大地影响着文学的生产、传播和消费.文学传媒化、商业化、大众化的趋势使人们不得不重新思考文学的走向与未来.大众传媒不仅是文学的工具,它也是文学本身不可分割的一部分.本文通过对梦枕貘<阴阳师>系列的个案分析,阐明日本当代文学和大众传媒之间的互动关系.     

明治旧民法典的编纂及其特点

明治旧民法典是日本近代法制建设的重要一页,虽然其未被实施,但是,从明治旧民法典编纂过程来看,它是近代日本实现民族独立和社会发展的需要,对近代日本法律体制的形成有深远的影响。     

Two Unusual Benign Tumours in Skulls from the Ossuary at Křtiny (Czech Republic)

Among 554 skulls of adult individuals from the ossuary at K𝔯̌tiny, Moravia (late thirteenth to the mid-eighteenth centuryAD ), three (0.54 per cent) showed evidence of malignant tumours and two others (0.36 per cent) had changes suggestive of unusual benign tumours, which are described in the present article. The calvarium of a 20–25-year-old female has two osteoplastic overgrowths in the region of the left tuber parietale and in the left lateral part of the frontal bone. A macroscopic section showed a porotic structure with regularily arranged trabeculae. This was confirmed by radiographic examination, which detected two similar smaller shadows, and by histology and scanning electron microscopy, which showed the non-lamellar, unevenly calcified structure of these curious multiple osteomatous formations (osteomas, hyperostosis). A calvarium of a 40–50-year-old male showed a horseshoe-shaped excavation in the posterior part of the processi palatini of the maxilla, with destruction of the lower half of the nasal septum and the paramedial structures of the nasal cavity. These defects were well delimited macroscopically, radiographically and histologically, and seemed to be the result of pressure atrophy, perhaps from a slow growing benign tumour such as a fibroma or angiofibroma.     

康熙《皇舆全览图》和《乾隆十三排图》中广东地区图面内容的比较研究——兼与广西地区对比

康熙《皇舆全览图》系清初官方主导实测的经纬度地图,对清代直至民国初期地图的绘制产生深远影响。对其数字化可为自然、人文要素变迁研究提供这一时间断面具有相对准确位置的地理数据,这对自然要素的变迁研究尤为重要。以图中广东地区为例,采用不同的地图配准方法,结合历史文献,分析《乾隆十三排图》对康熙《皇舆全览图》的继承与发展,并与之前有关广西的数字化研究作比较。研究发现《乾隆十三排图》以康熙《皇舆全览图》为基础,使用相同的坐标系,但是两个地区坐标系的偏移程度不同,主要与地理配准方式有关;图面内容的承继也有差异,这与清初对两个地区开发程度有关。     

System of measurement of the severity of periodontal disease in past populations

This paper presents a review of the antiquity of periodontal disease, discussing past aetiological concepts in comparison to current research on the causes of this condition. As periodontal disease is analysable on dry bone specimens, it is possible to document its natural history. To date, little work has been done on an actual system of measurement for periodontal disease in such specimens. A new system of measurement is proposed, which is confined to evaluating the periodontal status of post-mortem skulls. The system is a modification of the Ramfjord index for periodontal disease (PDI) and can be adapted for both individual specimen measurement and for population studies. Seven skulls, ca. AD 500–700, from the Varden Site at Long Point, Ontario, were examined using the proposed system. Mean attachment loss was computed for each of the seven specimens. The results revealed one specimen with early periodontitis, four with moderate periodontitis and two with advanced periodontitis. This system provides a concise method for classification of the severity of periodontal disease in dry bone specimens that will be useful in documenting the history of this disease.     

《广韵》版本系统简述

本文就《广韵》版本的传承,详细研究介绍了《广韵》版本的情况,笔者希望通过此文能为学者的深入研究提供详实的参考资料。     

Against War! Regional Identity Across a National Border in Late Medieval and Early Modern Scandinavia

During every war between Denmark and Sweden from at least 1505 to 1676 popular peace treaties were concluded by common men on both sides of the national border. These treaties were negotiated in contrast to the aggressive policy of the political leaders and to the nationalistic discourse of the elite. The aim of this article is to use archaeology to give an economic, social, and mental background to these treaties, and to the regional identity across the border that they presuppose. Above all a specific building tradition seems to have given the peasants a mental affinity across the border.     

企业经营与伦理道德--论稻盛和夫经营哲学中的伦理观

在企业经营活动中,经济行为与伦理道德可以并存,还是难以两立,一直是学术界争议的话题。日本著名企业家稻盛和夫强调说,企业经营者必须有可以作为判断基准的哲学。坚持把“为人何谓正确”作为判断基准,不断追求正义、公正,是稻盛和夫经营哲学的核心,也是他的道德观和伦理观的充分体现。但是,做人的道德准则和企业经营的原则,特别是“利他”的道德观和企业追求利润的经营目标是否真的存在矛盾、冲突?应该如何协调、处理二者之间的关系?本文将通过对稻盛和夫经营实践中若干实例的分析,尝试对此做出回答。     

从"资治"到"救国"--关于19世纪史学经世致用思想变化之研究

自19世纪40年代伊始,中国社会所发生的空前的沧桑巨变,直接推动了史学由古代史学向近代史学的转变。这种转变的重要标志之一,就是史学经世致用思想的变化,即史学经世致用思想从“资治”到“救国”,从着眼于王朝治乱兴衰到关注国家和民族前途命运之经世致用的宗旨和参照系的变化。同时,这种变化又对整个19世纪中国史学的发展及其走向产生了重大而深远的影响。