Landscapes, land use, and the history of territory formation: An example from the Puebloan southwest

Territories are spatial units that encompass the broadest range of a society's land-use behaviors as well as the history of human interactions with the natural landscape. Drawing from published documents pertaining to the North American Indian Land Claims and to the prehistory and history of land use among the Hopi Indians of Arizona, this paper integrates spatial, material, and historical variables of land use behavior (1) to formulate an empirical definition of territory and (2) to develop a generalized life history of territory formation that can be applied explicitly to the archaeological record.     

空间、权力与领域:领域的政治地理研究综述与展望

随着空间的社会转向,权力-空间研究已成为西方人文地理学的重要议题,国内也陆续出现了空间政治的相关讨论。本文通过梳理中西方人文地理学领域研究的相关成果,力图建立以领域为基础的权力-空间分析框架,并将其运用于当下中国的空间政治问题解读。领域是权力赋值于空间的产物,是解读现实世界权力-空间关系的重要视角,也是当代政治地理学区别于其他分支学科的主要概念。地理学对领域概念的运用从生态视角到社会视角、从国家尺度到多维尺度,体现了领域研究的日渐深入与系统化。本文在综合既有研究成果的基础上,提出领域化、去领域化和再领域化的权力-空间分析框架,并期冀其成为进一步相关实证研究的指引。     

走出传统模式--评王和著《从邦国到帝国的先秦政治》

王和先生的《从邦国到帝国的先秦政治》一书,不仅阐述了先秦政治发展的历史脉络,而且给学术界带来了一股清新的哲理思考之风。他超越了传统的“五种生产方式说”和“部落联盟说”两个理论模式,并对传统文化的核心“群体本位”论做了精到的解读。该书进行的以三代历史为背景的历史分析,相当辩证、冷静而深入,值得一读。     

元世祖忽必烈草原领地考

贵由汗时期忽必烈在漠北的领地“禹儿惕”大体在西起杭爱山北侧的察罕鄂伦河西岸,东到忽兰赤斤东或偏南的陀山腹地三、四百里处的范围内。蒙哥即汗位后,包括哈刺温一只敦的漠北草原领地依然长时间保留。位于漠南爪忽都金莲川的新“禹儿惕”领地,是随着忽必烈奉命总领漠南军国庶事的使命而增加的。爪忽都金莲川与哈刺温-只敦,无论地域概念抑或实际空间范围,都是两回事。忽必烈在和林以西不远处拥有领地“禹儿惕”,显示了拖雷家族在夺取汗位以前已经具有的权势实力和战略眼光。此举直接占据了和林以西的站道冲要,又可以从东南方拱卫或监视和林。一定意义上,它似乎又是拖雷系与窝阔台系争夺漠北本土的产物和表现。     

关于中国历史上疆域问题的几点认识

文章认为 ,凡是生活在今天中国疆域内的民族以及历史上生活在今天疆域内而今天已经消失了的民族都是中华民族的组成部分 ,他们的历史 (外来民族迁入之前的历史另作别论 )都是中国历史的组成部分 ,他们在历史上活动的地区及其建立政权的疆域也都是中国历史上疆域的组成部分。按照这一原则 ,结合历史上中原政权与边疆民族及其政权的隶属关系 ,以及边疆民族对中华思想文化的心理认同等条件综合考查 ,不难对中国历史上的疆域问题得出比较正确的结论。     

从峡江地区的楚墓看楚国的西境变化

关于楚国的西境,由于史籍缺载,因而语焉不详。本文结合考古资料和文献记载,认为峡江地区考古发掘出的大量楚墓,说明了云阳、忠县等区域曾为楚国的西境。在战国中期,楚国西进占领该地区;在战国晚期,楚国完全丧失该地区。     

从商代东土的人文地理格局谈东夷族群的流动与分化

自二里冈上层文化时期开始的商人东进,在山东境内造成了商与东夷文化的对峙。地理格局的差异,对商人在其东土不同区域的统治方式产生重要影响。商人东进改变了夷人的分布地域、政治结构、经济生活和文化面貌,造成其内部体系的初步分化;加上周人东征,最终造成了淮夷与东夷的分离。     

Territoire et actions collectives atikamekw nehirowisiwok dans l'espace médiatique québécois: légitimité politique ou persistance d'une vision coloniale?

The reception by the media of Indigenous peoples' political actions raises the issues of the discourses and representations at work in the public space. This paper examines how the Atikamekw Nehirowisiw Nation, their territorialities and political actions are represented by French‐speaking written media in Quebec. What are the discourses mobilized to apprehend the issues related to their land claims and contestation? By mobilizing a corpus of newspapers' articles published between 2000 and 2015, this study underlines the coexistence of opposed discourses. On the one hand, a colonial conception remains, reinterpreting the legal and historical legitimacy of the Atikamekw occupation and claims on the territory. On the other hand, the presence and reproduction, particularly through the words of Indigenous leaders, of an accommodating discourse towards Atikamekw's political actions cannot be ignored. The cohabitation between these two discourses highlights different sets of representations, emphasizing the ongoing colonial imaginaries in Quebec.     

Eco-cultural niches of the Badegoulian: Unraveling links between cultural adaptation and ecology during the Last Glacial Maximum in France

This study details an application of eco-cultural niche modeling (ECNM) using two modeling architectures—a genetic algorithm (GARP) and maximum entropy (Maxent)—aimed at examining the ecological context of sites with archaeological remains attributed to the culture termed the Badegoulian (ca. 22–20 k cal BP), which dates to the middle part of the Last Glacial Maximum (ca. 23–19 k cal BP). We reconstructed the ecological niche of the Badegoulian and assessed whether eco-cultural niche variability existed within this technocomplex. We identified two broad but distinct spatial entities in the distribution of Badegoulian sites based on lithic raw material sources and circulation, and found that these spatial units share a similar ecological niche. We discuss the implications of territorial differentiation within this niche in light of research on land use by culturally affiliated groups within a broad cultural entity. We propose that Badegoulian circulation networks reflect distinct social territories associated with particular conditions within a single ecological niche. This study illustrates the utility of combining ecological niche reconstructions with archaeological data to identify and evaluate diachronic trends in cultural continuity for situations where such patterns may be missed when the focus of study is restricted solely to lithic technology and typology.