An astrologer's map: A relic of late antiquity

Abstract

A Greek map of the world, which includes a windrose, zones, places in and around Egypt, and hell, is studied in reference to its context: an anonymous astrological miscellany. Other examples of this map have been found in a second context, among anonymous scholia to Theon of Alexandria's commentary on Ptolemy's Handy Tables (Procheiroi kanones), which were also of use to astrologers. The selection of Egyptian place‐names found on the map provides some clue to its possible origin, while the omission of the Mediterranean as well as the port of Alexandria is significant. Evidence suggests that the original map (known today only through later copies) is of an earlier date than the texts surrounding it, and that it may be one of the earliest world maps preserved from Late Antiquity.     

Saxton Manuscript Maps and Surveys Not Described by Evans and Lawrence

ABSTRACT

Four surveys by Christopher Saxton and three by Robert Saxton neither listed nor described by Ifor Evans and Heather Lawrence in their book Christopher Saxton, Elizabethan Map-maker, published in 1979, are here presented. Reference is made to another six surveys by Christopher that were not listed by Evans and Lawrence but have been described elsewhere. In view of the rate of discovery, it is concluded that further surveys may yet come to light. Changes in the location of some Saxton materials since the publication of Evans and Lawrence's book are noted in the Appendix.     

张择端《清明上河图》卷新探

本文根据历史文献和相关文物考订,指出《清明上河图》卷中表现了党争事件的后果,画中所表现的女性盘福龙发式和短褙服饰等,时间指向皆为徽宗朝崇宁至大观年间(1102-1110)。作者用模拟航拍制图方式"俯瞰"画中的城市结构,发现无法对应宋代汴京地图,确定此图所绘并非北宋汴京实景。张择端概括提炼了汴京城内外一部分代表性景致,是汴京实情而非实景。作者结合当时的政治、军事和文化背景,解开画中诸多图像的历史密码,特别是画家在展现清明期间商贸繁华的汴京城时,出乎常情地表现了惊马闯市、船桥险情、官员争道、军力懈怠、城防涣散、消防缺失、商贸侵街、党祸渎文、酒患成灾等街头弊端,呈现出北宋末年沉重的社会危机,暗含着画家对社会的隐忧。     

Developments in flood maps for flood risk management in Scotland

ABSTRACT

Sustainable flood risk management in Scotland is underpinned by the Flood Risk Management (Scotland) Act 2009. Effective delivery of actions to reduce the adverse impact of flooding are dependent on a collaborative approach by Responsible Authorities and a common understanding of flood hazard and risk. Over the last few decades, flood hazard maps have established a prominent role as essential tools in supporting effective flood risk management. They have developed as a result of improved national datasets and advances in computer processing. Improvements in modelling confidence and in the spatial representation of hazard and risk-inform confident actions set out in Flood Risk Management Strategies that coordinate actions supporting adaptation to future hazard conditions. The continued development of the accurate spatial representation of flood hazard and risk is an essential component of enhancing resilience in the face of future climate change.     

圆明园新证——乾隆朝圆明园全图的发现与研究

故宫博物院图书馆藏1704号圆明园地盘图是迄今仅见的唯一一张完整记录乾隆朝圆明园盛况的绝世孤本,也是现存圆明园图档中绘制年代最早、使用时间最长、表现内容最丰富、记载变化最全面的国宝级珍贵档案。该图极有可能是清代著名样式雷家族的第三代传人——雷声澂执掌清宫样式房楠木作事务之时,于乾隆四十四年(1779)前后绘制的圆明园本部平面。此后该图一直作为档案图纸使用达半个多世纪之久,几乎囊括了一部全盛时期圆明园的变迁史,是研究圆明园在乾隆、嘉庆、道光三朝发展变化的最权威、最完整的档案记录。     

农用地多功能视角下乡村旅游运营模式引导决策研究——基于重庆城郊25个行政村的调查分析

通过解构农用地多功能性与乡村旅游辩证关系,设计了"农用地多功能性-村域乡村旅运营模式"联动引导决策体系,并对重庆市九龙坡区25个行政村进行实证分析。结果显示：采用"农户自助式微型运营模式"的区域乡镇企业和产业集聚程度较高;采用"集体经济自营型运营模式"的区域农业生产条件较好、农地多功能性明显;采用"承包经营流转型运营模式"的区域农业产业化进程滞后;采用"多元股份合营型运营模式"的区域集体经济发达、农地多功能性显著。研究显示,通过农用地多功能性与主导功能评价对乡村旅运营模式引导决策,从一定程度上弥补了以往研究中决策过程缺乏定量数据支撑和量化方法画的缺陷。     

清代京杭大运河全图初探

本文将收集到的国内外清代京杭大运河全圈作为史料处理,结合相关文献一一解读各幅运河图本身蕴涵的信息。在此基础上,挖掘出清代在绘制运河全图时常用的一些绘制手法,井就运河图的载体、装订形式加以分析。进而根据绘制风格等的差异,将清代运河全图的绘制划分为前期和后舰又依据用途和内容的不同,划分为运河河工图、漕运图、运河泉源圈和运河景观图四种。作者试图通过分析论证,挖掘出地图的史料价值,找到一个利用地图学视角观察社会历史景观的路径。     

馆藏环境温湿度稳定性的频域图谱分析方法研究——以重庆博物馆为例

预防性保护对馆藏环境温湿度提出了适宜稳定的要求,本研究是对温湿度稳定性全新评估方法的研究。将馆藏环境温湿度监测时序数据(时域图谱)使用快速傅里叶变换(FFT)转换成频域图谱,并通过对频域图谱的解读,分析温湿度稳定性。本研究详细分析了温湿度频域图谱的优缺点,并通过频域图谱评估了展厅、展柜温湿度变化的特点、稳定性以及调控效果。研究结果为馆藏环境温湿度稳定性评估提供了一种全新的有效方法。