Seeing for the state: Kemalist long‐distance nationalism in Australia

The recent literature on Muslim organisations in the Turkish diaspora context is voluminous as is analysis of Kurdish and Alevi grassroots politics against the Turkish state. Yet nothing has been written on those whose political orientation is in line with the secularist‐nationalist ideology of the Turkish Republic, that is, of Kemalists. As a contribution to this endeavour, this paper explores Kemalist actors' mobilisation in Australia. The paper argues that their current activism is related to a threatened economic privilege, a loss of cultural capital and a waning political dominance in the ongoing social life of Turkey.     

Cortical index of three prehistoric human Pacific Island samples

To understand stress, attention must focus on the costs and limits of adaptation. The current study investigates two non‐specific indicators of stress in human skeletal remains from three prehistoric sites in the Pacific Islands as an attempt to understand differential responses to island environments. The samples used in this study represent both colonising and established populations and are spread geographically throughout the Pacific Islands. In the current study both inter and intrasample comparisons of cortical index (CI) and maximum femoral length are made. Within all the samples there is evidence of an age related decline in CI and a sexual dimorphism of CI and maximum femoral length. No significant correlations are found between the non‐specific indicators of stress and the temporal and spatial distributions of the samples. Overall, the indicators used in the current study show very similar results and therefore do not seem to reflect differential adaptation to Pacific Island environments through time and across island groups. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

司马金龙墓出土木板漆画屏风残片的初步分析

为了解山西大同北魏司马金龙墓出土木板漆画屏风的颜料使用情况和制作工艺信息,利用Micro-Raman、FrlR、XRF、断面切片等技术,对屏风残片上的四种主要颜色(红,黑,黄,白)、红色漆底层、断面分层进行分析与鉴别,结果如下:(1)屏风所使用的颜料有朱砂、炭黑、雌黄、雄黄、石膏.(2)屏风的红色底层系由生漆与朱砂调和、结膜而成,其中可能未曾添加桐油.(3)屏风彩绘部分的颜料分层十分明确,各层的厚度相对均匀,反映出制作者较为高超的绘画技法.(4)在颜料层、木胎与红色漆底层之间的"过渡层"中,分别观察到一些白色物质.初步分析后认为,"过渡层"中白色物质为羟基磷灰石的可能性较大.颜料层中白色物质的成分和物相仍有待进一步的分析.     

数字旅游在大线路旅游开发中的应用——兼论丝绸之路信息驿站建设的意义

丝绸之路旅游属于典型的大线路旅游发展项目,由于绵长的丝路沿线发展不平衡和系统耦合水平较低,丝路旅游长期处于"市场前景看好,开发欲行不行"的状态。对此必须要从战略设计和技术创新的双重角度,去破解丝绸之路沿线旅游业功能耦合和协同发展的难题,借助数字旅游体系的建构,为丝路旅游系统嵌入一个信息化的引擎,从而实现发展模式转换和质的跃升。本文对旅游信息化进程的不同阶段和不同形态进行了简要的辨析,并将数字旅游在大线路旅游开发中的功能进行了概括,结合丝绸之路四类旅游行为主体的诉求和四大关键环节的信息化任务,提出了丝绸之路信息驿站三级网络的建构创意,以及作为丝绸之路数字旅游体系的基本内容和架构设计。     

堆塑长颈瓶上“天门”探论

堆塑长颈瓶是一类特色鲜明的随葬明器,主要流行于宋元时期,其本身不具备实用功能,主要通过造型、装饰、铭文、内盛物及摆放位置等因素构成组合,象征天门,整体上传达了引魂升天的象征意义。     

The impact of long-distance commuting on salaries and employment in host regions in Chile

Long-distance commuting (LDC) is an increasingly relevant strategy of labor mobility worldwide and is therefore key to understanding the structure and dynamics of labor markets. However, little is known about the effect that LDC has on the labor market equilibrium of host territories. This paper addresses this gap for the case of Chile. While LDC is a useful strategy for improving salary and employment on a national scale, our results show a negative effect for residents in host territories (on a local scale), particularly when LDC results in commuters with similar characteristics to residents competing for the same jobs.     

Childhood trauma in the archaeological record

Childhood trauma is an important class of pathology that is only occasionally discussed in the anthropological literature. As palaeopathologists, we usually analyse archaeological collections that consist of adult skeletons presenting healed injuries, with no real clues as to the timing of the associated traumatic events. We believe that with certain types of trauma, it maybe possible to determine if the injury was acquired during childhood. Clinical data show that evidence for childhood trauma is documented in unique patterns of injury that target particular bones, segments of bones, leading to changes in the orientation or alignment of bones. This presentation provides examples of two types of trauma found in an ossuary population from Ontario, Canada. On the basis of the skeletal evidence and clinical data, childhood trauma may be inferred for each example. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

RURAL–URBAN SPATIAL INTERACTION IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH: LONG‐DISTANCE MOBILITY CHANGES,DESIRES AND RESTRICTIONS OVER TWO DECADES IN RURAL PHILIPPINES

The spatial interaction between rural and urban areas is intense in the Global South. While research into how this interaction influences livelihood opportunities is extensive, longitudinal identification and analysis of rural people's long‐distance mobility is rudimentary. This is problematic given the possible repercussions of a greater flow of people for transport system management (congestion, emissions, investments, social exclusion, etc.). Based on longitudinal survey data from 1990 to 2008/2009, this article addresses this gap by exploring how the long‐distance mobility behaviour of households and individuals has changed over a period of intensified rural–urban interaction in a rural Philippine area. The article furthermore addresses the individuals' mobility desires and restrictions related to long‐distance travel. The results indicate that both accessibility effects and effects related to information and communication technology (ICT), concentration of activities and opportunities towards major cities, age, labour market, and economic situation. Over time, particularly since improved accessibility conditions have enabled much faster travelling, more people have come to travel more frequently (although a suppressed demand is still present and inequalities are considerable) to more distant destinations, major cities in particular, for mainly social motives. A recent countertrend is evident, partly arising from mobile phones replacing physical movement. The increase in private vehicle ownership has so far been slow, so modal choice is still highly sustainable. Overall, the findings support core ideas derived from the new economic geography, but also notes, with earlier studies in transport geography, that travel time is a prime consideration.