基于地理学视角的乡村生活质量研究进展及展望

提高生活质量是社会发展的核心目标之一,一直是国内外社会学、经济学、地理学、城乡规划学等不同学科关注的热点课题。近年来乡村生活质量相关研究成果逐渐增多,并取得了一系列高水平的研究成果,有必要对其进行系统梳理。国内外基于地理学视角的乡村生活质量研究主要集中在乡村生活质量的空间格局、演变及形成机制、存在的突出问题、调控与优化等方面内容。从理论研究、研究方法、研究内容等方面对国内外乡村生活质量相关研究进行述评,并展望了地理学研究框架下乡村生活质量研究有待进一步深化的方向。     

Bringing politics into class analysis: state power and class formation in post-Mao China

Traditional class theories invariably embrace the ‘proposition of economism’, either extruding politics from the causality of class formation or treating politics as epiphenomenal. Similar ideas of class inform much of the literature on class in the People's Republic of China (PRC). This article contends that social stratification and class formation in post-Mao China cannot be fully understood without recognising state power as a critical determinant of life chances and a major organising principle in the country's class map due to the authoritarian nature of the Party-state and the ubiquity of state power in the economic sphere. It proceeds to illustrate the part that state power plays at the macro and micro levels in the production and reproduction of class.     

How to improve the quality of life in peripheral and lagging regions by policy measures? Examining the effects of two different policies in Germany

Peripheral regions commonly appear to be less attractive to live in and policymakers all over the world are applying various measures to make them more attractive. This paper analyzes the effects of two very different measures: The German municipal fiscal equalization scheme and the German structural funds for economically weak areas (GRW). It focusses on the impact on perceived quality of life, measured through interregional migration between German labor market regions. Using a spatial vector autoregressive panel model, we find evidence that equalization transfers have a significant positive impact on regional net migration and contribute to the aim of regional equity. These effects are especially found for regions with low endogenous fiscal capacities. GRW funding reveals no significant effects on net migration rates in total, but short-term effects in rural regions.     

Prostitution,variegated homes,and the practice of unhomely life in China

This paper studies a group of female sex workers and their ambivalent experiences of home in Dongguan, China’s so-called sin city, before the local government technically cracked down on the city’s sex industry in 2014. It has two objectives. First, we explore these workers’ life journey: spatially from their rural hometown to Dongguan, socially from domestic migrants to sex workers, and subjectively from poor persons to extravagant spenders. Through this journey-based perspective, we show that the departure from one home opens a door to another home, but the door to the sex industry engulfs our respondents into a perpetual condition of unhomely life. Second, we analyze sex workers’ practices of (un)homely life in various spaces of working (sauna), dwelling (rented apartment), and consumption (shopping center) in Dongguan and their imagination of a new home. We argue that home is a liminal space of ambivalent experiences that revolve around dichotomous distinctions between privacy and publicity, friendship and segregation, marginalization and belonging. This paper contributes to the critical geographies of home by incorporating these ambivalent experiences of home into sex workers’ life journey of leaving and making home in the context of China.     

THE HISTORY OF EMOTIONS: AN INTERVIEW WITH WILLIAM REDDY,BARBARA ROSENWEIN,AND PETER STEARNS

The history of emotions is a burgeoning field—so much so, that some are invoking an “emotional turn.” As a way of charting this development, I have interviewed three of the leading practitioners of the history of emotions: William Reddy, Barbara Rosenwein, and Peter Stearns. The interviews retrace each historian's intellectual‐biographical path to the history of emotions, recapitulate key concepts, and critically discuss the limitations of the available analytical tools. In doing so, they touch on Reddy's concepts of “emotive,”“emotional regime,” and “emotional navigation,” as well as on Rosenwein's “emotional community” and on Stearns's “emotionology” and offer glimpses of each historian's ongoing research. The interviews address the challenges presented to historians by research in the neurosciences and the like, highlighting the distinctive contributions offered by a historical approach. In closing, the interviewees appear to reach a consensus, envisioning the history of emotions not as a specialized field but as a means of integrating the category of emotion into social, cultural, and political history, emulating the rise of gender as an analytical category since its early beginnings as “women's history” in the 1970s.     

民主是民生的生命——关于构建以民主促民生工作机制的理论思考

在当前条件下,中国的民生问题,本质上是民主问题。从政治民主、经济民主到社会民主,反映了民主内涵的不断深化,以民主促民生是社会主义民主政治发展的必然趋势,也是落实科学发展观的必然要求。民主是实现民生目标的基础和重要手段,是贯穿于民生建设全过程的一项基本内容。只有实行民主,才能不断提高包含物质和文化生活在内的民生水平。离开了民主这块基石,民生的大厦就不可能建立起来。     

时序“矛盾”与“增删五次”及版本传抄——《红楼梦》中时序“矛盾”考辨之四

现存《红楼梦》(《石头记》)所有的版本,都只是过录本。这些:过录本,完全有可能不是抄自一种版本,而是拼凑抄的,即都不是据曹雪芹的原稿抄录的(更不是曹雪芹的原稿),这样也就难免出现矛盾现象了。因此,《红楼梦》中存在的“矛盾”现象,不一定都是曹雪芹造成的,而有些是在后来的传抄过程中造成的。同时,还有一些是由于曹雪芹在“披阅十载,增删五次”的过程中,“修改未尽”而留下的“痕迹”。另外,也与作者的注重写意有关。     

儿童生活往昔:丰子恺作品之社会史考察

清末民国时代的丰子恺,以艺术的视角观照儿童生活的琐屑与微末,发现:与成人世界不同,生活于特定社群中的儿童,熨贴着亲属和邻里关系,少受自然的支配和社会习惯的束缚,由其本真的生活激活出无限的创造性,而伴随着初始社会化而来的异化生活终结了儿童的本真,同时也斫丧了他们的创造力。透过往昔儿童生活场景,可以依稀发现一个历史时段儿童的生活方式、区域特色、时代特征以及演变痕迹。     

清代以来塔里木盆地东部罗布人的生活及其环境变化

罗布人是生活在新疆塔里木盆地东部罗布泊地区的土著民族,以渔猎为生。300年来,不仅他们的语言、生活习俗发生了巨大的变化,生活在罗布泊一带的人口数量也有非常大的变化。本文根据文献记载分析了罗布人的生活习俗和生活地域环境及其变化,认为罗布地区河流湖泊的变化是罗布人生活发生变化的主要原因。     

《药言》的伦理教化思想

作为流传甚广的家训名著,姚舜牧的《药言》包含着丰富的伦理道德教育思想。其主要内容包括治家、教子、处世等各个方面。对《药言》的研究、借鉴有助于今天的社会主义精神文明建设。