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61.
运用赛维斯理论中的一个酋邦兴起模式,详细解剖了位于澧阳平原的城头山城址及其所属聚落群,认为城头山城址作为当地的经济交换中心,其形成标志着中国早期雏形城市的产生。这种由经济交换中心进而发展成为早期城市的模式是中国早期城市起源的典型模式之一。 相似文献
62.
论宋代纸币发行的缘起 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
宋代是人类历史上首次大规模发行纸币的时代,对后世产生了深远的影响,本文从商品交换、铸币能力、财政需求等几个方面探讨宋朝纸币产生和广泛使用的原因. 相似文献
63.
中国古代的亲属称谓不仅标识特定的血缘与姻亲关系,同时以多种途径泛化并用于政治及社会领域。泛化的亲属称谓加强了非亲属成员或组织之间的联系,同时在非亲属成员或组织之间构建了等差有序的责权规范和行为准则。泛化的亲属称谓,旨在凭借血缘组织的力量强化政治控制和社会交往,体现了古人以“循名责实”的方式推进政治、社会关系“血缘化”的尝试和结果。在不同文明或民族中,亲属称谓泛化现象的程度和面貌不尽相同,这与血缘组织在该文明或民族在国家产生过程中扮演的角色,尤其是与血缘组织在国家时代政治生活中的地位高低相关。中国古代国家产生的独特方式所导致的文明“早熟”,决定了亲属称谓泛化现象在国家时代具有普遍性和典型性。 相似文献
64.
65.
Philipp v. Grumbkow Sören Frommer Lisette M. Kootker Gareth R. Davies Janine Mazanec Susanne Hummel 《Journal of archaeological science》2013
Excavation in and around a Medieval church in Gammertingen, Germany, revealed the skeletal remains of eight individuals dating to the 10th and 11th century AD. Archaeologists hypothesized that the individuals were the first members of a family later known as the Counts of Gammertingen, a medieval high nobility family. In an interdisciplinary approach, Strontium isotope and ancient DNA techniques were performed in order to test the hypothesis that the church was used as a family burial site and to investigate the provenance of family members. Seven of the eight individuals can be placed in a three-generation genealogy. The isotope analyses establish that the eighth individual had a different birthplace and possibly became a member of the Counts of Gammertingen through marriage. Further, genetic data revealed that distant relatives of the paternal lineage are still present in this area today. Thus, the combined results lead to a very detailed knowledge about a 1000-year old noble family. 相似文献
66.
本文认为,社会救助法律制度的产生和发展是社会进步的标志之一,但我国目前的社会救助法律制度还不够完备,满足不了现实要求。因此,建立完备的社会救助法律制度已是当务之急。 相似文献
67.
元代法律由以大札撒为核心的蒙古法和为了满足统治需要不断立法而形成的条格组成.蒙古法为元代地位最高之法,延续于蒙古国,称之为札撒,具有"以刑为主,诸法合一"法典的性质.条格,为元代立法所有成果,是对唐格的借鉴,对蒙古法的必要补充,具有"以行政法为主,刑法为其重要内容,诸法合一"法典的性质,含狭义条格、断例、制诏.在对元代法律组成解析的基础上,笔者认为元代法律体系由札撒、条格构成,在条格内又有亚系--狭义条格、断例、制诏.此体系的构建,有助于全面掌握元代法律,也有利于反思元史学界对元代法律的基本看法. 相似文献
68.
日本经济的长期不振,导致了失业率急剧上升,女性失业尤为突出。随之,也带来了女性失业性离职的诸多问题。察其女性离职的原因,社会的、公司的、个人的等多种因素同时并存,相互交织,呈复合态势。离职带来的直接影响是收入的锐减;就心态而言,乐观向上与消极处世并存。由于年龄的差异,日本女性再就业呈“M”型态,再就业形势仍十分严峻。对此,日本采取了改进和完善女性劳动权保障制度和修改《雇佣保险法》和《男女雇佣机会均等法》等举措。 相似文献
69.
Per G. Fredriksson Satyendra Kumar Gupta Weihua Zhao Jim R. Wollscheid 《Journal of regional science》2023,63(1):236-252
This paper studies the effect of legal origins (common law vs. civil law) on contemporary slum formation in developing countries. First, we provide a cross-country correlation analysis. Second, we provide a regression discontinuity analysis using household data from Cameroon. The results suggest that a common law heritage is associated with a lower probability of slum conditions. The legal philosophies transplanted through colonization appear to be associated with the pattern of contemporary urban housing stocks in developing countries. 相似文献
70.
Systemic failure of our land management, legal, and regulatory institutions is revealed by the serious and adverse social and environmental impacts of land use practices in private agriculture, evident in severe land and water degradation, precipitous decline in biodiversity, and reduced resilience to natural hazards and climate change. The efficacy of the standard treatment of environmental law and regulation is often hampered by the cultural and legal priority of property rights. We take a different approach, using legal geography to refocus attention on the salience and agency of place and responses to degradation, such as conservation farming and regenerative agriculture, which are reforming dominant land management cultures and institutions from within. By recognising the role of place in leading geographically responsive land use decision-making and more sustainable, resilient, and productive agricultural practices, an alternative model of private land ownership may be possible, as well as greater environmental sustainability. For researchers, our approaches too must be sensitive and responsive to place agency and our methodologies must evolve to acknowledge the agency of place. Place agency in legal geography has great potential for application in reforming suboptimal industrial agricultural practices and legal models of property ownership, and also for revitalising our scholarship. 相似文献