Editor’s Note

Most previous studies have held that the system of Tubo gaoshen (an honorary identity mark) was an imitation of a similar system in the Tang dynasty, referring to the latter’s official costume decorations for its stratified office-holders. These studies have not given due attention to the characteristics of the title itself. From the perspective of the change of the Tibetan name and based on existing research results and historical records in both Tibetan and Chinese, this article tries to offer a new understanding and preliminary discussion on the development of Tubo gaoshen and several related issues. We find that there are two paths in the evolution of its name: One is from Sug to Yi Ge or Yig, the other is from Yig tsang to Yig tshangs. The former is used to denote a concrete gaoshen and can be added as a prefix while the latter denotes the abstract idea of gaoshen and no attribute can be used before it. When the two are used together, the latter is used before the former, such as in: yig tshangs pa ni zangs kyi yi ge gtong/ (As to the gaoshen [yig tshangs], [he] is awarded a bronze yi ge).     

Conveyor‐Belt Justice: Precarity,Access to Justice,and Uneven Geographies of Legal Aid in UK Asylum Appeals

Ongoing government funding cuts to British legal aid have resulted in the formation of legal deserts and uneven geographies of access to advice and legal representation. Asylum seekers, particularly those subjected to no‐choice dispersal throughout the UK for housing, are enduring the impact of these cuts directly. This paper explores the spatial and legal marginalisation of asylum seekers, drawing upon the findings of a three‐year study of the asylum appeals process. Already precarious, we analyse the manifold spatial marginalisation of dispersed asylum seekers from sources of legal advice and representation. We identify the frames of luck, uncertainty and dislocation as ways to further a spatially cognisant understanding of precarity, alongside identifying strategies employed to counter precarious positionalities.     

Prefiguring the State

Merging means and ends, prefigurative politics perform life as it is wished‐for, both to experience better practice and to advance change. This paper contributes to prefigurative thinking in three ways. It explores what it might mean to prefigure the state as a concept; takes its inspiration from a historical episode rather than imagined time ahead; and addresses what, if anything, prefigurative conceptions can do when practiced. Central to my discussion is the plural state—taking shape as micro, city, regional, national and global formations. Plural state thinking makes room for divergent kinds of states but does not necessarily foreground progressive ones. Thus, to explore in more detail a transformative left conception of the state, discussion turns to 1980s British municipal radicalism. Taking up this adventurous episode in governing as a “thinking tool”, an imaginary of the state as horizontal, everyday, activist and stewardly emerges.     

Culture and Legal Policy Punctuation in the Supreme Court's Gender Discrimination Cases

For the most part, punctuated equilibrium scholarship has ignored the legal policy change generated by the Supreme Court. In this study, I address this gap though an examination of the Court's equal protection and gender cases from the 1970s. My case study here has two aims. First, I offer an adaptation of the jurisprudential regimes framework as a device for framing and identifying legal policy punctuations. After identifying Reed v. Reed (1971) as the cut point of such a regime, I then use Reed and its progeny to illustrate the promise of culture in explaining stasis and change, specifically focusing on the concepts of cultural cognition and cultural surprise.     

Translation of English Legal Texts

本文提出法律文本的翻译技巧。希望翻译将能够获得翻译策略一个很好的命令,以及其有很大的贡献,以提高翻译法律文本的质量具体的翻译技巧。     

黄帝族的发祥地及其时代

本论文对关于黄帝族的发祥地及其所处时代的各家之说,进行比较考辨后,据古文献的记载与考古学的研究成果,得出:黄帝族发祥于今西北陕甘黄土高原,其时代约相当于考古学上的仰韶文化中、晚期,年代大致为公元前4000-3000年之间。     

论刑法规范法定原则

刑法规范法定原则是一项重要的刑法规范配置原则。其思想渊源是民主主义与尊重人权主义。民主主义要求刑法规范配置应当民主化,尊重人权主义要求刑法规范配置应当尊重人权。刑法规范法定原则包括法律性原则与明确性原则两个派生原则。法律性原则要求刑法规范的法律渊源应当是法律,刑法规范的内容应当依法规定。明确性原则包括刑法规范确定化与刑法规范明晰化两个方面。     

韶乐探源:苗蛮文化对中原早期文明的影响

古今学界都认为韶乐是中原早期发明的礼乐制度．与处在蛮荒地区的苗蛮化并无关系。但根据可靠献．隋置韶州得名于韶石,韶石得名于韶乐．可知粤北地区的古化当与韶乐有联系。如果进一步探索．先秦献所载帝舜奏韶乐的传说和夏启舞九韶的“天穆之野”都在今湘南、粤北的南岭地区,韶关石峡遗址出土的6人舞蹈实物显示这一地区的先民早在5000年前左右就对乐舞情有独钟。因此．韶乐当是中华明初期南北方化交流、融合的产物．是南方苗蛮化对中原早期明的形成作出的重要贡献。     

公职人员行政法律意识解析--以江苏省文化系统公职人员为对象

目前我国法治水平的提高,除了必须关注法律自身的完善外,公职人员的行政法律意识直接影响和决定着依法行政的进程,进而影响到依法治国的步伐。本文从解析江苏省文化系统公职人员行政法律意识这一微观角度入手,宏观上阐述公职人员行政法律意识存在误区的原因,并提出增强法律意识的方法和途径,为依法行政做些理论和实践上的探讨。     

商代马车及其相关问题研究

殷墟发掘以来 ,曾多次发现商代车马坑。但在解放前 ,因受当时发掘条件所限 ,都未能将坑中的木质车子的遗迹清理出来。19 5 0年在河南辉县琉璃阁战国墓地 ,夏鼐先生带领数名技工 ,通过精心操作 ,剥剔出十几辆已朽为尘土的木车遗迹。后来 ,随着发掘经验的积累和发掘技术的提高 ,新中国考古工作者先后在大司空村、孝民屯南地、白家坟西地、郭家庄西南、刘家庄北地、梅园庄东南等处的商代车马坑的发掘中 ,经过精心细致剥剔清理 ,将数十辆殷代车子发掘出来 ,为复原商代车子提供了可靠的依据 ,也为研究商代车制及其相关问题提供了珍贵的科学资料。…