Indigenous migrants negotiating belonging: Peticiones de cambio de fuero in Cajamarca,Peru, 17th–18th centuries

Prehispanic corporate social units in northern Peru, the pachacas or ayllus and the guarangas, continued to structure social life in Cajamarca throughout the Spanish colonial period. They were restructured by Spanish rule, as they had been by the Inca conquest before. Spanish rule also reshaped indigenous migration and the social categorization of the migrants, which was closely intertwined with the regime of land tenure. This article takes a look at the integration of new and old migrants and their descendants into the local social structure and examines how they negotiated their belonging in petitions to change or defend their fuero. The petitioners successfully argued on the basis of their ancestry, whether legitimate or not, and activated personal networks on their behalf. In that, they paralleled mestizo and mulatto petitioners who, like migrants, benefited from fiscal prerogatives, which were however challenged during the course of the 18^th century, leading to a partial re-categorization. The redistribution of land was an important motive in these late colonial re-categorizations, but also earlier in the colonial period the absence of bonds to the land was an essential characteristic of being categorized as a ‘migrant.’     

Family education support to rural migrant children in China: evidence from Shenzhen

Rural migrant children have become a fast-growing population in China as a consequence of the large-scale population flow from rural to urban areas. Besides the dual-structure hukou system, which restrains rural migrants from upward mobility, family capital also plays an important role in providing family educational support to rural migrant children. Using the data from P District and N District of Shenzhen in 2013, this paper explores the present status of three dimensions of family capital and five aspects of family educational support to Chinese rural migrant children, as well as the correlation between family capital and family educational support from perspectives of migration status (hukou), life course (children’s age), and school type. Constrained by inadequate family capital in multiple dimensions manifested by less education, lower income, and limited social networks, etc., parents of rural migrant children provide less family educational support in nearly every aspect compared with parents of urban local children. Among rural migrant children, those in private migrant schools receive the least support from their parents.     

20世纪下半叶中国学者对土地政策的研究述评

20世纪下半叶 ,大陆及港台学者围绕中国土地政策的基本理论和具体的土地政策发表了许多不同见解 ,取得了丰硕的成果。本文对此阶段的研究概况及主要成果作了简要介绍 ,对土地政策一般理论的研究、农村土地政策和城市土地政策等方面的研究中 ,存在的重点与热点问题进行了分析与概述 ,反映了近 5 0年来中国土地政策发展变迁的基本轮廓。     

旅游经济影响评估--线性规划在旅游决策中的运用

本文向旅游规划者提供线性规划模型,将其应用到国家级自然风景区--天柱山所在地潜山县,以此研究旅游发展对经济的影响,并建立一个基准水平作为比较的基础.     

饭店如何赢得网络信息时代的顾客忠诚

在网络信息时代,饭店与顾客之间的关系发生了新的变化,饭店管理者要研究利用计算机网络来获得顾客忠诚的新途径,以为饭店赢得竞争优势.     

尹湾汉墓简牍“提封”释义——兼谈汉代土地统计方法问题

献和简牍中的“提封”一词并非如注家所理解的那样是“都凡”的“一声之转,皆大数之名”,而是“提封田”的简称。“提封田”是由井田法发展来的战国西汉土地统计的专门术语,即由井田的一方里一个计算单位发展为一百方里一个计算单位,先计算出土地总数,然后推“定”出垦田总数,作为征收田税的依据。这是战国授田制之下制土分民、以课促垦的沿续和发展。     

两汉边防兵制若干问题之比较——以西、北地区为中心

两汉边防兵制,尤以西、北地区最为典型.我们在边防武装力量构成、边防集兵方式、边防养兵费用及其筹措等方面,探讨两汉边防力量的差异、兵役制度的变化以及养兵与社会经济的关系等诸方面问题.     

试论人民公社的历史地位

农村人民公社是我国农村社会发展史上持续时间最长、影响深远的农村社会制度 ,其对我国的经济发展和社会进步做出了无以替代的历史性贡献 :它为“工占农利”经济战略的实施提供有力的制度保障 ;其间 ,我国的农业生产有很大增长 ,农业生产条件得到显著改善 ;人民公社的社会保障制度以较低成本维持六七十年代我国农村的基本稳定。当人民公社保障我国工业化初步实现的历史使命基本完成后 ,一种新的农业生产经营制度———家庭联产责任制在人民公社的胚胎里酝酿而生 ,两者的此消彼长是我国农村社会发展必然结果。     

早期西方各国在华商人领事制概略

商人领事制是领事制的一种早期形态,这种制度随着西方各国的东来而开始在中国出现,最终,由于该制度已不能适应中西关系发展的形势而逐渐淡出历史舞台。     

巴达维亚甲必丹制度与华侨包税制关系探析——以玛腰陈永元为个案

以玛腰陈永元为个案,阐述了巴达维亚甲必丹制度与包税制度的源起与演变及包税事业的经营,并通过探讨陈永元长期经营承包税收的原因,对两个制度之间的相互关系进行分析研究。