韩凭故事考

文章通过对韩凭故事原本形态的考证表明,故事的核心应是颂扬韩凭夫妇以生命复贞信,此世不可处,乃相踵讬死赴太阴,终成尸解仙。贞信守节、重义轻死,是汉代死后尸解成仙的标准。汉代画像石和铜镜等出土金石资料,说明韩凭夫妇的夫信妇贞、至死不渝品格所造就的爱情故事在汉代广为流传,并引起强烈共鸣。韩凭夫妇殉情而死及死后化作梓树、鸳鸯之说,实际上是汉晋时期盛行的以墓室为"炼形之宫"、经历"太阴炼形"、最终变形而仙的尸解信仰的一种仙话表达。图其形于古圣贤、忠孝、节义、贞烈、英雄之伦,意在示其同臻仙域,藉以讴歌春秋大义。应在汉墓画像的系统配置和更为宽广的汉代思想和信仰背景中去寻求对汉画中韩凭夫妇故事的合理认知。     

认同与批判:清末留日学生的地域文化观

留学异邦所造成的空间区隔和参照系的变化,不仅激发了清末各省留日学生的民族主义精神,也使他们的地域意识得到升华。在爱国先爱邦、谋国先谋邦的理念指导下,各省留学生们均强调本省对全国关系之重,期望本省在民族建国的运动中发挥领导作用。他们调查研究本省的历史地理文化状况以作为自治的基础,从而形成了一股地域文化热。留学生们一方面认同本省文化、赋予其正面价值,另一方面又对地域文化中不适应社会竞争、不符合自治需要的成份进行反思与批判,警醒同胞谋求革新。留学生们通过重新评价赋予了地域文化不同的品格,并通过创办杂志、传播新学新知等实际行动,在一定程度上改绘了本省地域文化的形象。     

Renaissance and ‘Made in Italy’: marketing Italian fashion through history (1949–1952)

Until 1950, Italian fashion did not exist: there were able tailors and creative designers, but they were known only as individuals and not as part of a wider movement that identified with a specific Italian style. Despite the existence of advanced skills, with the potential to realize an Italian fashion in its own right, there was neither a cultural identity to bind them together nor an international legitimization that would allow the new form to compete with the dominant haute couture of Paris. The revival of the Renaissance and its invention as an intangible asset was fundamental in resolving this ‘dual’ absence, and it therefore became a key factor in the international success of Italian fashion. From the 1950s to today – the period of increasing international success of the ‘Made in Italy’ label – in the rhetoric of entrepreneurs, managers and marketing experts, the Renaissance has become almost an integral part of the DNA of Italian fashion, itself at times represented as the direct descendant and legitimate heir of the excellence of Renaissance taste. This is a link, now taken for granted, for which a term has even been coined: the ‘Renaissance effect’. The fundamental argument that supports this so-called Renaissance effect is in fact that of the continuity between the craftsmanship of the Renaissance age and today's fashion houses; a continuity, however, that has been elaborated through ‘manipulations’ of history which are in part simplistic and in part distorted.     

Evolution of Temperature and Moisture Fields in Charles Bridge in Prague: Computational Prediction and Measurements

Charles Bridge in Prague, founded in 1357, is one of the most prominent historical structures in Europe. It interconnects two Prague districts, the Lesser Town and the Old Town districts, separated by the Vltava River. In the past, the bridge underwent a variety of repairs and retrofits. Within the framework of the moderate repair carried into effect in 2007 to 2010, a measuring system was installed in the bridge, and the temperature and moisture content at selected gauge points have been continuously monitored for a period of 2 years. This article presents non-linear, fully coupled modeling of both fields utilizing a parallel version of the simple finite elements (SIFEL) computer code. Its cogency is validated against experimentally obtained data that serve as inputs for the second stage of a thermo-mechanical analysis—the detailed and mechanics-oriented simulations of the bridge as a whole.     

从《南部档案》看清代州县的生员诉讼

有清一代,生员的诉讼程序不同于一般民人,他们在收状、问讯等环节享有一定优待,但对其呈词则有加盖儒学戳记之类的诸多要求。律例明确限定了生员的呈告资格及告呈范围,并利用"五生互结"、州县官监督、教官举报等方式约束生员的活动,但制度上的规定与档案所反映的社会实际多有悖离。生员除了因"切己"之事而涉案外,也会主动或被动地参与到亲朋友邻、家族、基层等"不干己"的案件之中。生员涉案的动机虽有谋取私利的情况,但也有维护邻里、家族等小范围秩序的一面。特别是清末办团练、设公局以来,生员参与地方公共事务,在一定程度上分担了州县官在地方治理中的压力。州县官在处理这些案件时,会综合考虑法律规定、案件事实及生员涉案动机等因素,做出合乎情理的审断。生员诉讼背后反映出的不仅是基层社会中官、绅、民之间的交流与博弈,也折射出清末地方社会经济状况及地方社会权力构造的变化等问题。     

Contested landscapes of Soviet Central Asia: an ethnoarchaeological case study from Kazakhstan

A group of rectangular and circular enclosures in southwest Kazakhstan, originally thought to be prehistoric or early historical, has turned out to date from the 1950s and 1960s. They were built as livestock pens (kora) to protect rice paddies from free-grazing cattle. Rice cultivation had been introduced to the region east of the Aral Sea by deported ethnic Koreans from the Soviet Far East after the native pastoral nomadism had been destroyed by forced collectivisation in the early 1930s. This had resulted in the Great Famine of 1931–33, evidence for which is provided by refugees’ burials found on archaeological sites in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. The case study illustrates an approach to the study of twentieth century contested landscapes using evidence from archaeology, ethnography, and oral history.     

History of Psychology in China: Contributions,Challenges, and Future

The history of psychology makes three major contributions:(1) promoting the development of psychology in China;(2) establishing the history of Chinese psychology as an academic discipline;(3) playing an important role in training the next generation of Chinese psychologists.This effort faces numerous challenges,including the reduction in undergraduate teaching hours,declining enrolments at the postgraduate level,limited innovation in research,and a lack of financial support.These challenges stem largely from changes in the Chinese academic assessing system,the greater weight placed on experimental psychology,and a fewer opportunities for researchers.To address these concerns the history of psychology in China should make the history of Chinese psychology its research priority,while also presenting its findings to the public,and developing innovative teaching and research approaches.     

Protesting at the crossroads: Framing ‘in-between places’ in spatial analyses of contention

Bridging anthropological understandings of “non-place” (Augé, 1995) with insights on the “in-between city” (Sieverts, 2003), this paper advances the concept of in-between place as a useful heuristic device through which to examine spaces of contention outside the city. Focusing on a single protest organised by youth activists in Wadi Ara in the summer of 2013, it uses frame analysis to interrogate the power of roads, particularly the nodal power of inter-urban crossroads, in enabling Palestinian protest in Israel. In so doing, this paper seeks not only to address the creative efforts to be seen and heard on the margins of an ethnocratic regime, but to contribute to a wider decentring research agenda that would move beyond the city in concrete and analytical terms.