HEALTH SELECTION EFFECTS IN CHINA'S INTERNAL MIGRATION

Drawing data from the 2008 survey of Internal Migration and Health in China, we compare various health indicators among current rural-to-urban migrants, rural residents who never migrated, return migrants, and urban citizens. Two health-selective mechanisms, the healthy migrant hypothesis and the salmon bias hypothesis, are empirically tested. Results provide empirical support to both these hypotheses. After controlling for individual's age, sex, socioeconomic status and major health-related behaviours, current rural-to-urban migrants are still better off than rural residents who never migrated regarding their self-rated general health, chronic diseases, self-perceived physical discomfort and lung capacity. Current rural-to-urban migrants are also less likely to have chronic diseases or to report physical discomfort than return migrants. Except for self-reported chronic diseases and abnormally high heart rate, there is no significant difference between rural-to-urban migrants and urban residents regarding the health measures used in this study.     

民族村寨旅游开发的内生困境及治理路径——基于资源系统特殊性的深层次考察

少数民族村寨旅游的开发,在导致社区经济结构变化的同时,也使社区结构出现了某些不和谐的因素,严重威胁民族社区旅游的持续发展。如何认识少数民族村寨旅游资源的开发困境和寻求解决路径成为亟待解决的难题。本文以四川理县桃坪羌寨为例,基于对资源系统特殊性的深层次考察,解析少数民族村寨旅游开发中的内生困境及深层次根源,在此基础上提出少数民族村寨旅游开发的治理路径选择。     

Critical Events and Labour Mobility: Relocations in the Wake of the Ansett Airlines Collapse

Migration plays an important role in neo-liberal regional adjustment. This paper explores the role of economic shocks in stimulating internal migration within Australia. Drawing on the experiences of retrenched Ansett Airlines employees, it argues that economic crisis impels some households to relocate but traps others in places with restricted employment prospects. For some, the crisis of retrenchment triggers inter-state migration to take up new jobs. For others, it prompts relocation to less expensive housing, often in a geographically proximate location. These opposing responses, which are different outcomes of similar causal processes, exacerbate regional inequalities since they selectively encourage younger skilled workers to enter growing regions. The combination of high housing costs and insecure employment discourages speculative migration. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the policy implications of these findings.     

公共行政人员行为选择的伦理困境及其化解

公共行政人员作为最重要的公共行政活动主体,其职权行为对社会具有普遍影响力。然而,作为一个“利益人”,公共行政人员的职权行为具有多元的利益取向,进而可能产生行政行为的伦理困境。实现负责任行政行为的关键在于制度伦理建设、公共精神的彰显以及行政人格的塑造,通过外在约束和自我规制,从而构建以公共利益为导向的行政行为。     

Russia's penal peripheries: space, place and penalty in Soviet and post-Soviet Russia

Russia has a distinctive 'geography of punishment' that is the product of the use of the peripheries as a place of exile and incarceration. Framing the analysis in a discussion of recent penal theory, including in the works of Michel Foucault, the author traces the formation of Russia's penal peripheries up to the present day and uses the example of the north of Perm' oblast to analyse the process involved in forging a 'penal region'.     

内部营销和内部服务质量对外部服务质量的影响

管理人员应明确员工的工作任务、评估员工的服务质量、指导员工工作、关心员工、高度重视员工培养工作,各个职能部门之间的相互服务质量、员工之间的相互服务质量都会直接或间接地影响宾馆的外部服务质量。作根据数据分析结果,对宾馆管理人员如何加强内部服务质量管理提出了一系列建议。     

Internal migration,group size,and ethnic endogamy in Indonesia

Much of the literature on assortative mating has centred on the social contexts of immigrant‐receiving countries in the West. This article examines ethnic assortative mating (endogamy) against rising volumes and intensity of migration within a multi‐ethnic lower middle‐income country. We used full enumeration data from the 2010 Indonesian Population Census to create a national dataset of husband–wife pairs (n = 47.8 million couples), and five subsets of married couples from provinces with the highest proportion of lifetime migrants: Riau, Riau Islands, Jakarta, East Kalimantan, and West Papua (n = 4.05 million). First, we examined the association between migration, group size, and endogamy at the provincial level. We found a negative association between internal migrant stock and endogamy across 33 provinces in Indonesia. Using endogamy as a proxy of the strength of ethnic boundaries, we have shown that accounting for group size at the provincial level changes the overall ranking of endogamy among ethnic groups. Second, drawing on the subsets of couples in the five provinces with the highest proportion of migrants in their population, we used multivariate analysis to examine how migration status correlates with the likelihood of endogamy at the individual level. Controlling for sex, group size, age, education, and religion, we found that the relationship between an individual's migration status and endogamy varies across the five provinces, reflecting the different nature and history of migration, and the ethno‐religious composition in these regions.     

Domestic slave trading in St. Croix, 1764–1848

This article deals with domestic slave trading in the Danish (-Norwegian) West Indian colony of St. Croix, focusing on enslaved labourers sold as chattel. It examines the volume and price developments, building upon data on thousands of sales. Crucian slaveholders were willing participants in the domestic slave market, especially during the market’s peak period, c. 1767–1823. Some of them did make a profit from speculation, although evidence of large-scale, professional entrepreneurs is absent. The closing of the transatlantic slave trade did not lead to rising slave prices in the short term, but in the long run it was an important factor in the decline of the market. Finally, the article discusses the impact of the market on enslaved Crucians and their masters, as well as their respective strategies for dealing with it.     

The spatial dimension of internal labor markets

We integrate into a unified framework the spatial and the employment dimensions of worker mobility, tracing workers across firms, across establishments, and across regions. Drawing upon the spatial dimension of internal labor markets in firms with multiple establishments in multiple locations, our results indicate that the contemporaneous wage premium to migration is around 3 percentage points. For the case of job switchers, we find that the return to regional migration is due to access to better jobs at the destination. We also document the existence of an urban premium for same‐employer migrants but for employer changes this premium is driven by selection.     

我国社会结构变化对统一战线内部关系的重大影响

经过 2 0余年的改革开放 ,我国已进入一个新的新型时期。在社会转型过程中 ,社会结构发生了显著的变化 :产业结构由低级向高级推进 ,所有制结构由单一向多样发展 ,城乡二元结构出现松动 ,阶级、阶层发生深刻变化。这必然对统一战线的内部关系产生重大的影响 :工人阶级内部结构复杂化 ,使工人阶级实现自身团结统一的问题突出起来 ;农民阶级的急剧分化 ,使工农联盟的巩固面临新问题 ;私营企业主阶层的产生及其迅速扩大 ,使统一战线内部关系出现前所未有的新变化 ;产业结构优化升级和信息时代的到来 ,对做好知识分子工作提出了更高的要求 ;大量新的社会阶层的出现 ,客观上给民主党派的社会基础带来新的变化 ;“四个多样化”的出现 ,要求统一战线在处理内部关系时 ,应以“三个代表”的思想为指导 ,更加重视照顾同盟者利益和在政治上扩大民主。