论利益分化视角下的政党利益整合功能

伴随着改革开放的深入和社会的发展,我国社会出现了利益分化现象。适度的利益分化,对社会经济和政治发展具有积极的意义,但它也对执政党提出了利益整合的要求。提高现阶段中国共产党的利益整合能力,应着力提高执政党依靠社会组织进行整合及其价值整合和组织整合的能力。     

二十一世纪的中日关系

中日两国有着两千多年友好交往的历史,1972年中日恢复邦交正常化以来的30年间,发展是主流,从文化渊源上,日本是中国文化的最大受益国,然而,文化上的诸多貌似相同的因素,孕育了本质上的诸多不同之处,成为两国间产生摩擦的文化原因。二十一世纪的中日关系,定会坚定不移地向前发展,但是,一波三折地前行,似乎是中日关系发展的一种宿命,发展中日友好关系,符合两国人民的共同利益,只要日本正视并反省侵略战争的历史,以真诚的态度友好相处,中日两国友好关系的发展前景是无限美好的。     

对我国新时期利益群体矛盾的动态分析

本文通过阐述我国新时期利益群体矛盾的表现形式,动态地分析了利益群体矛盾的成因,提出了正确处理新时期利益群体矛盾的指导思想、原则和对策。     

犯罪地理学研究的新进展

本文简述了犯罪地理学研究进展的历史,揭示了犯罪地理学研究进展过程中各个阶段的特征。探讨了西方犯罪地理学研究的新进展,论述了实证主义、激进地理学思想、科际整合理论、GIS的引入是目前犯罪地理学发展的新趋势。此外,还探讨了中国犯罪地理学研究的新进展。最后,对21世纪的犯罪地理学研究进行了展望,阐述了犯罪地理学研究的12个热点课题,并指出21世纪将是犯罪地理学大发展的世纪。     

Widespread Policy Disruption and Interest Mobilization

We consider the involvement of different interests in policymaking following disruptions that affect the agendas of multiple subsystems. The policy process literature suggests that increased policy uncertainty and jurisdictional ambiguity could lead to substantial upheavals in interest involvement. We address these possibilities in studying the mobilization of different interests after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, for eight disrupted policy subsystems. Contrary to expectations derived from the literature, we find limited evidence of interest upheaval or cross-subsystem spillovers in interest involvement. We suggest this is because policymakers sought to reduce policy uncertainty by calling upon those interests that were best equipped to help craft and implement policy solutions. These findings point to the stabilizing influence of policy subsystems in buffering against the effects of widespread disruptions.     

孙中山的考试权的宪政保障功能及实践障碍探析——以既得利益集团为切入点

有关民国时期考试权和考试制度的著述颇为丰富,也不乏就考试权与宪政的关系展开论述的著作。但尚未发现专门分析考试权的宪政保障功能的论文问世。该文以既得利益集团为切入点,就民国时期考试权对宪政的必要性、在现实实践中的运行障碍进行了初步探析。这对今天我国考试制度的构建和完善具有重要意义。对当今宪政建设也不无借鉴意义。     

地方治理与利益诉求:民国初年陕绥划界纠纷研究

陕绥划界是民国初年西北地区省界调整中发生的一起政治事件。上自北京政府、陕绥各级地方政府,下到争议区的伊克昭盟王公、士绅民众,分别从国家政令统一、边疆安全、争议区经济利益归属、基层社会事务决策权归属等角度,围绕蒙陕边界地区的划界问题展开利益诉求。蒙陕边界地带士绅民众在清末督办蒙旗垦务大臣贻谷整理垦务时期认购土地,拥有了争议区土地的所有权,其是否会因为政权更迭而发生改变,遂成为陕绥划界纠纷的核心问题。在近八年的纠纷过程中,北京政府与地方政府、地方政府与地方政府(陕、绥双方)、地方各系势力与两级政府之间展开利益角逐。最终,北京政府让步于既成事实的陕西一方,即移民不可能退回去的事实。而陕北沿边地方政府和士绅利用自身的威望和号召力,对争议区内民众进行宣传和引导,组建利益共同体,维护地方社会事务话语权的“正当性”。     

Lobbying and minority government in Australia: The concept of the marginal member

Within Westminster-based majority parliaments, the presence of minority government runs contrary to the conventional wisdom. Over the last 40 years, however, there has been a steady voting trend away from major parties in many of these parliaments. The complex composition of the Australian Senate after July 2014 reinforces that non-ministerial marginal members continue to be a vital part of the political landscape. This article introduces the concept of the marginal member and examines the potential influence of these members for legislative outcomes and lobbying success. In doing so, the article provides a heuristic through which to identify avenues of policy influence and presents a range of strategies for lobbyists working with marginal members within minority-government contexts.

在英式多数制议会内,少数党政府的存不符合传统的智慧。在以往40年里,许多英式议会出现了一种偏离多数党的稳定趋势。澳大利亚参院2014年之后的复杂构成,说明非内阁边缘成员依然是政治格局中有活力的部分。本文提出了边缘成员的概念,考察了他们对立法结果及游说成败的潜在影响力。本文提供了一种关于政策影响渠道的思路,以及在少数党政府的情况下如何游说边缘成员的一系列办法。     

Coalition Stability and Belief Change: Advocacy Coalitions in U.S. Foreign Policy and the Creation of Israel, 1922–44

This study examines whether advocacy coalitions are stable over time by examining legislative hearings data concerning U.S. foreign policy and the creation of Israel. It uses content analysis of 19 different policy core and deep core belief components applied to testimonies given in 1922 and in 1944. These belief components are used to identify members of advocacy coalitions and to test the coalitions' relative stability of membership over time. In addition, this research examines the stability of the belief systems of these advocacy coalitions. It finds that the structures of the advocacy coalitions remained relatively stable, yet new components of policy core beliefs emerged among all three advocacy coalitions, and such components are converging toward the belief system of the coalition advocating for the creation of Israel.