蒋太后与嘉靖前期政治

武宗死后无子,世宗以＂兄终弟及＂祖训继皇帝位,世宗生母蒋太后也因此在嘉靖政治史上有了重要的地位,不仅在大礼议过程中起了重要作用,而且由于圣母身份和世宗孝心的双重作用,使得蒋太后对嘉靖十八年以前的政局产生了不小的影响。     

A Mississippian conflagration at East St. Louis and its political-historical implications

Abstract

A walled portion of the extensive Precolumbian civic-ceremonial precinct of East St. Louis, near present day St. Louis, Missouri, enclosed a cluster of as many as 100 small buildings or huts. The huts were associated with a walled ritual-residential zone or elite compound dating to the late Stirling phase (a.d. 1150–1200) and, importantly, were burned in a single conflagration. The burning of East St. Louis may have resulted from a ritual commemoration, an act of aggression, or an accidental fire; circumstantial evidence primarily supports the first scenario. With strongly diminished mound and architectural construction at the site in subsequent decades, and with the coeval disappearance of key ritual-residential buildings from the regional landscape after the burning, the ancient East St. Louis fire was part of a larger pattern of historical events that mark a downward turning point in the social and political history of Greater Cahokia.     

Palynological and Archaeological Evidence for Ritual Use of Wine in the Kura-Araxes Period at Aradetis Orgora (Georgia,Caucasus)

Pollen and non-pollen palynomorphs from two zoomorphic Kura-Araxes vessels (ca. 3000 b.c.) from Aradetis Orgora suggest they were utilized for the ritual consumption of wine and likely represent the beginning of the enduring tradition of animal-shaped wine-drinking containers in Georgia. This hypothesis is supported by archaeological and geoarchaeological data: they resemble later wine-containing vessels from Georgia and elsewhere and were found in a building whose context is suggestive of a small shrine. Their palynological spectra match those of present-day wine and wine containers of other periods. One of them was intact, with only a small access hole; consequently, its palynological spectrum can be utilized as a standard for determining the presence of wine in other archaeological vessels. Palynological analyses from different contexts of the Aradetis Orgora settlement and its cemetery (Doghlauri) yielded other significant results regarding the practice of viticulture and the cultural relevance of wine during the Kura-Araxes period.     

Revelation and Resolution: Religion as the Key to Cognition,Power, and History in Anthropology

Religion is often considered as key to interpreting human psychological and social processes. Yet, the notion that ritual performance and religious beliefs offer a transparent portal onto the inner workings of culture, power relations, historical change, and cognition are subject to critique. The political and psychological implications of ritual practice differ considerably from culture to culture and religion defies reduction to a single explanatory or etiological framework. Anthropologists best learn about emic and etic understandings of belief by interpreting the historically varied articulations of religious experience with other social domains.     

Varied visions: an iconographic reevaluation of Ramey Incised production and distribution in the American Bottom,Illinois

ABSTRACT

Ramey Incised ceramics, characterized by incised symbolic motifs, are often viewed as a hallmark of Stirling-phase Cahokia and the surrounding American Bottom region. However, few comprehensive analyses of the regional Ramey motif assemblage have been conducted. Here I evaluate spatial and temporal variation in Ramey Incised motifs across 16 sites in the American Bottom to improve understandings of Ramey Incised production and distribution. Stirling-phase motif data indicate that the Ramey Incised manufacturing process likely was not as centralized as previously proposed. A qualitative analysis of the regional motif assemblage uncovers variation that may reflect stylistic experimentation. Additionally, motif frequency distributions reveal potential site-specific thematic preferences. Both findings support the existence of local production within the region. Diachronic data suggest the collapse of the Ramey Incised tradition in the Moorehead phase, perhaps in response to sociopolitical and religious transitions occurring at Cahokia. Overall, Ramey Incised ceramics may have served as vehicles through which American Bottom Mississippians variably expressed their interpretations of and relationships to the cosmos.     

上海中外银钱业联合会筹建述论(1921～1929)

中外银钱业联合会是1920年代上海中外银钱业三方共同组建的一个金融合作组织。中外银钱业的三个同业公会为筹建该联合会进行了长期交涉。该联合会虽在组织制度上使外国银行得益较多,但它的成立也为本国银行拓展外汇业务提供了有利条件。考察中外银钱业联合会的筹建过程,可为揭示近代上海中外银钱业在三足鼎立格局中的互动关系提供一个直接例证。     

旅游目的地供应链概念模型的构建

供应链的概念最初是为了解决企业内部各职能部门之间流通不畅、存货和能力配置不合理的问题而提出的,其后扩大到企业之间形成一个整体的功能网链结构模式。旅游供应链概念最早始于对分销渠道的分析,虽然随着旅游供应链实践发展的深入和理论探讨的增多,学者们从不同角度对其展开了深入研究,但目前在旅游供应链概念理解上尚未达成共识。本文从旅游目的地角度出发,结合对旅游供应链概念的分析和认识,提出了本文的旅游目的地供应链概念,并在对旅游目的地供应链构成主体进行分析的基础上。提出了旅游目的地供应链概念模型,以期对旅游目的地供应链建设有所帮助。     

湖南衡阳县赤石天门山西汉墓发掘简报

该墓是带墓道长方形土坑竖穴墓,出土随葬器物54件,其中有5套陶礼器鼎盒壶钫完整组合,出土30件日常生活陶器,还伴出大量泥郢称、泥半两.随葬器物从侧面反映了楚国故地衡阳在西汉早期,一方面承袭战国晚期楚国的礼制习俗,另一方面又开启西汉中晚期的封建田园经济生活新风尚.     

中国史前音乐文化区及相关问题初论

本文从史前乐舞材料入手,对中国史前音乐文化区进行了全面的探讨,将其划分为中原区、海岱区、甘青区、江汉及邻近区、环太湖区、辽河区等六大区域。在此基础上,对中国史前音乐文化的承传方式以及礼乐文化的发展模式予以解析。     

朱厚熜帝系独立意识在陵寝建造中的反映

明嘉靖帝朱厚熜以藩王世子身份入继大统的。其特殊的身份、处境及其鲜明个性,造就了他强烈独立的帝系意识。而这强烈的帝系独立意识不仅在其继位之初关于继位仪式和年号的争论以及其后的大礼议、颁布《明伦大典》和改正典祀等方面表现鲜明,而且在营建寿宫——永陵和对天寿山陵区进行修葺上更有所表现。本文试通过分析永陵的建造特点和嘉靖年间天寿山陵区增建的礼制建筑,揭示朱厚炮强烈的帝系独立意识在陵寝建造中的反映。