China’s Information and Communication Technology in Geographic Perspective

Two economic geographers analyze the unprecedented growth of China’s information and communication technology (ICT) industry over the past decade (2000–2010)—an industry increasingly important as a new engine powering exports and providing infrastructure and services critical to sustaining economic growth. Using agglomeration and inequality indices including the Herfindahl and the Gini, the authors show that the geographic concentration of ICT activities has decreased over time, in tandem with a decline in their regional inequality; however, a new ICT development index (IDI) designed for this study reveals a significant and persistent gap in ICT development between the country’s advancing and lagging provinces. The paper also explores a range of factors contributing to “leapfrog” ICT growth in some provinces, as well as the challenges likely to be faced by the industry in the future. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L630, L960, O180, O330. 2 figures, 4 tables, 85 references, 1 appendix.     

Sex,Socioeconomic and Regional Disparities in Age Trajectories of Childhood BMI,Underweight and Overweight in China

Using a longitudinal dataset from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), growth-curve models were employed to examine age trajectories of body mass index (BMI) for 1694 subjects in China, who were aged 2–11 in 1993 and followed in four waves (1997, 2000, 2004 and 2006). Based on age- and sex-specific BMI cut-points recommended for international use, the prevalence rates of overweight and underweight in the transition from childhood to adulthood (age 6–18) were also predicted. Sex, family income, rural–urban residency and geographical location were found to be significantly associated with the onsets, slopes, and acceleration of age trajectories in BMI, overweight, and underweight (p < 0.01). Children who had lower prevalence of underweight in the transition from childhood to adulthood exhibited higher prevalence of overweight than their counterparts. Moreover, the age interval during which children were more vulnerable to an increase in underweight was different from that for overweight. There were substantial regional disparities in the age trajectories of childhood overweight and underweight. Whereas the analyses suggest that the dual burden of nutritional problems (the coexistence of overweight and underweight) in China, is more like two sides of a coin than two separate health issues; the critical age period for intervening in childhood overweight is different from that of childhood underweight. Geographical indicators of childhood obesity in China deserve further attention.     

环境约束下陕西城镇化效率的区域差异及空间格局

本文运用因子分析法构建了陕西省的综合环境因子指数,将其引入到DEA以及Malmquist指数模型中,动态测度了2003-2014年间陕西及其各地市在有无环境约束下的城镇化发展效率的差异,并对各地市的城镇化效率进行了排名。研究结果表明:陕西城镇化的技术效率在有无环境约束下均没有达到有效状态;在加入环境约束后,技术效率均值波动性更大,呈"W"形,且下行趋势更加明显;传统城镇化发展的"规模不经济"效应,正在凸显出来,部分地市呈现出"规模效率"与"技术效率"均下降的状态。论文最后给出了提高陕西城镇化效率的政策建议。     

武汉国民政府时期邓演达关于农民问题的理论建构及其思想基础

武汉政府时期,邓演达在复杂、激荡的时局下,就农民在国民革命中的地位、农民解放、农民政权和武装等问题,建构了具有自身特色的农民理论.各种因素的困扰,形势的变幻,又使他在土地问题上的主张具有双重性质.所有这些,都可从其思想同社会的关联上得到诠释.     

北宋名臣谢泌生平及思想述评

谢泌是北宋太宗、真宗两朝名臣,长期担任中央及地方官员,针对时弊提出过很多建议和意见,其人才、进谏纳谏、理民及军事外交思想对北宋历史产生过重大的影响.其思想源于儒家,也源于道家、道教,是儒道融合于一体的产物.     

基于MCDA的乡村旅游开发布局与新农村建设

寻找科学的方法,研究乡村旅游业在区域空间的合理布局,通过旅游业带动经济欠发达地区农村的经济发展,能够很好的发挥旅游业在新农村建设中的重要作用。以宁波市为例,运用多准则决策分析(MCDA)、地理信息系统(GIS)技术,充分考虑旅游资源条件、区域经济发展水平、交通通达性和周围已经开发旅游区的基础上,研究建设新农村为需求的"市场导向、有资源条件、经济发展水平较低、交通不很便捷"地区优先发展乡村旅游业从而带动农村经济发展的空间布局模式。研究结果表明,以建设新农村为需求的乡村旅游业空间布局可以带动经济相对落后地区的新农村建设,多准则决策分析是乡村旅游业空间总体布局的一种有效方法。     

广东入境旅游流西向扩散时空动态演变研究

广东入境旅游流的西向扩散是我国入境旅游流运动的一个缩影,其动态演变规律对了解我国入境旅游流运动模式具有重要意义。通过对扩散转移态、时间和空间分布集中指数及转移密度等的计算,对广东入境旅游流西向扩散的演变特征进行了定量描述和刻画。结论显示:广东入境旅游流西向扩散呈现随距离递减的特征,其动态扩散年际间变动不大,但空间集中性日益增强并流向旅游资源富集的省区,相应地这些省区入境游客的转移密度也较高。     

人类空间选择行为与环境关系个案研究——以清代陕南秦巴山地为例

本文运用经济社会学界提出的"有限理性人"理论,从文化、风俗、政策等方面,分析了清代陕南流民在空间选择、垦殖活动以及环境变迁条件下,流民行为的基本取向。结果表明,人类空间选择行为遵循风俗相近原则,而不是地理环境最优原则。追求单位时间上效果最大化是流民行为选择的普遍趋势。在此基础上,考察了清代陕南山地与平原、河流上游与下游流民不同行为之间的关联与互动,对备受非议的流民刀耕火种与清代陕南环境变化之间的关系给予重新认识。     

明清侨寓徽商子弟教育的特色

明清时期,徽商在经商之地侨寓的现象相当普遍,为子弟成名计,徽商及其子弟在侨寓地展开了一系列教育活动,并形成了自己鲜明的特色：教育成效卓著,教育与科举发展存在县份分布上的不平衡;徽商取代士而成为明清侨寓徽商子弟教育机构创办的真正主体;教育理念开放变通等。这既体现了明清的时代特色,也与商人教育的特点相契合。     

饭店低碳化水平评价指标的构建及实证研究

本研究以粤港澳中高星级饭店管理人员和国内外饭店研究者为调研对象,在文献分析、专家访谈、问卷调查的基础上,通过因子分析法对样本数据进行深入分析,提出了饭店低碳化水平评价指标体系。该指标体系由分属6个维度的21项指标构成,其6个维度被命名为：碳减排措施指标、低碳管理指标、低碳引导指标、碳排放指标、碳汇指标和碳源构成指标。研究结果表明：碳减排措施指标、低碳管理指标及碳排放指标是评价饭店低碳化水平的重要因素;而样本分组比较则指出,饭店管理人员与研究者、港澳与内地饭店管理人员在对某些评价指标的认同上存在一定的差异。