旅游目的地形象修复策略:关联游客行为意图的量表开发与检验

在形象修复理论基础上,开发了旅游目的地形象修复量表,通过对441名入境游客的问卷调查,采用结构方程模型对旅游目的地形象修复量表进行了整体验证,并关联分析了其对游客行为意图的影响,结果表明:本文所开发并实测的旅游目的地形象修复策略量表,整体结构良好,量表信度和效度值都处于较好水平;旅游目的地形象修复策略由6个基本维度构成,其中柔和的形象修复策略对游客行为意图有显著影响;本量表提出策略的实施效果与西方的研究总体趋同但略有差异。文章同时指出,针对入境客源市场,目的地形象修复策略要遵循跨文化信息传播的基本特点,同时要重点使用渐进式的目的地形象修复方式。     

游客的犯罪侵害风险感知研究——以印度国际游客为例

游客在旅游活动中担心受到犯罪侵害,不但会影响游客的到访意愿,而且殃及当地旅游业的发展。本文旨在了解游客对犯罪侵害的心理反应,探讨旅游侵害风险感知形成的相关因素。本文以到访印度的国际游客为研究对象,于2010年1月在印度德里机场进行问卷调查。调查发现在印度的国际游客认为被骚扰、诈骗及盗窃的可能性较大。女性、亚洲人明显有较高的防卫行为倾向。观光游客比商务游客感觉受侵害风险更高。旅游侵害风险感知与旅游决策间具有负向关系,旅游风险意识及旅游信息在侵害风险感知与旅游决策关系间具有调节效果。     

Crowdsourcing Model Research for the Identification of Post-Earthquake Rescue Objects

The quick and accurate identification of post-earthquake rescue objects can minimize the casualties and property loss caused by earthquakes. With the rapid development of remote sensing technology, rescue objects can be identified through high-resolution remote sensing images. There are two main categories of approaches to identify rescue object through high-resolution images: automatic extraction by a computer and visual judgment by professionals. Although results can be obtained quickly by using automatic extraction, the accuracy of the results is unacceptably low. For visual judgment, the large demands for time and professionals restrict its wide practical application. In this study, we introduce crowdsourcing into the identification of post-earthquake rescue objects. First, we integrate the advantages of the computer and crowdsourcing, which means that the computer takes advantage of the speed of information processing, while crowdsourcing makes full use of human recognition capabilities. Second, we take visual judgment tasks out of the hands of professionals and entrust the tasks to workers in a crowdsourcing platform. Not only are the human resources infinite, but we can also improve the efficiency of identifying rescue objects. Third, we propose a crowdsourcing model that improves the quality of the results and saves human resources. Finally, experimental results demonstrate that our solution is feasible.     

Food and the middle ages

The study of food in the middle ages attracted much interest among antiquarians from the eighteenth century on. New perspectives came with the growth of social and economic history. Over the last two decades, re-evaluations of historical sources, along with contributions from other disciplines, especially archaeology, the archaeological sciences, anthropology and sociology, have changed the possibilities for this area of research. The study of cooking, of cuisine and its cultural context, as much as food production and the material conditions of life, is now central to developing our understanding of consumption. This paper explores new possibilities for the study of taste and demotic cuisine, food and virtue, the association of women with food, and the role of food in society and in cultural change.     

旅游者对旅游“非营利”理念的感知研究——基于扎根理论

旅游资源从根本上看具有公益性特点,与“非营利”理念高度契合,两者相互结合的研究具有现实的必然性和理论的可行性。本文采用扎根理论的研究范式分析了旅游者对旅游“非营利”理念的感知,主要结论有：（1）旅游者普遍认为旅游“非营利”理念目前在我国几乎不存在,但却是大势所趋;（2）旅游者对旅游“非营利”理念的期望发展方向在宏观上表现为政府法规监管等9大方面;（3）旅游者对旅游“非营利”理念的期望发展方向在微观上表现为21个小范畴,且在健全监督机制、税收优惠等方面的期望较为集中。（4）旅游者对于如何从自身做起践行“非营利”理念的认知程度很低,国人的旅游“非营利”理念亟待培养。     

资源型城市旅游形象设计研究——以淮南市为例

资源型城市有其独特的发展规律。本文以淮南市为例,指出实施旅游形象设计对资源型城市的可持续发展具有重大意义,并通过对影响淮南市旅游形象主要因素的分析,运用旅游形象设计的理论和方法,构建了淮南市旅游形象识别系统。     

Performance and visitors’ perception of authenticity in eco-cultural tourism

ABSTRACT

With the increasing commodification of cultural heritage induced by tourism development, the perception of a ‘real’ travel experience often depends on what is defined as authentic, original and local. Visitors are becoming increasingly concerned about the authenticity of eco-cultural tourism practices when they visit culturally and environmentally remote regions. The purpose of this study is to examine the role performance plays in visitors' perception of authenticity of eco-cultural tourism experiences. Various theoretical foundations and aspects of visitors' perceptions of authenticity in cultural heritage tourism are considered. A grounded theory approach based on in-depth semi-structured interviews with several categories of visitors including 25 clients from two eco-tours in South and Central Kazakhstan and 29 Free Independent Travellers (FITs) was adopted to identify visitors' perception of authenticity of various aspects of their tourism experiences and the attributes of the visitors' performative aspects of their travels. Results reveal that the performative aspects contributing to the perceived authenticity of the visitors' eco-cultural experiences are spontaneous, existential and reciprocal relationships with their hosts in intimate tourism encounters. The findings contribute to literature regarding authenticity and cultural heritage tourism by exploring new directions in which to apply the concept of authenticity in eco-cultural tourism experiences and by theorising the link between performance-based touristic space and the perception of authenticity. This space becomes a basis for interaction and social exchange within the host–guest relationship.     

芥川龙之介文学中的女性形象

芥川龙之介一生共创作了148个短篇作品,涉猎女性形象的作品共76篇,其中女性形象色彩浓重38篇,涵盖知识女性、劳动女性、农妇甚至妓女等多个层面。这些形形色色的女性形象不仅如实地反映了作者的审美指向及其女性观,也浓缩了当时女性所处的社会地位和境遇。本文将其女性形象分为古典、现代与中国题材三大类,在分析芥川对女性所持态度的同时,考察作为大正时期知识分子的精英,其笔下诸多女性形象的文化内涵。     

以形象为主导的区域旅游产品体系开发研究——以重庆市铜梁县特色旅游项目策划为例

在区域旅游产品体系的开发过程中旅游形象作为旅游目的地的识别要素,对旅游形象本身的策划研究至关重要,然而旅游形象更多的是要通过区域旅游产品体现出来,所以在旅游形象与旅游产品之间存在内在联系。本文以铜梁县旅游产品开发为例,提出旅游产品开发的关键环节有两个方面:围绕形象的旅游景区主题策划及围绕主题的特色旅游项目设计,并对以形象为主导的区域旅游产品体系开发程序和方法进行了研究,建立了相关模式。     

Application of Landsat satellite imagery to monitor land‐cover changes at the Athabasca Oil Sands,Alberta, Canada

A major advantage of satellite remote sensing is that the imagery acquired provides a synoptic view of the landscape. Thus, repeat coverage by the satellite on a regular basis permits the detection of changes in land‐cover over time. This study demonstrates the application of remote sensing technology to the monitoring of mining activities at the Athabasca Oil Sands region of Alberta, Canada. First, we describe the techniques used to match a time sequence of Landsat imagery, both spatially and spectrally, to ensure that the spectral changes through time are due to land‐cover variations. A series of spectral trajectories were then extracted to assess changes in land‐cover through time. Secondly, a land‐cover classification was produced from the baseline 1984 imagery and, using historic and future mine extents, the classification was analyzed to determine the proportion of each land‐cover type affected through development. Results of the analysis indicate that since 1984 there has been a larger reduction in mixedwood dense and broadleaf vegetation classes than mixedwood sparse or dense conifer stands in the area. Based on the delineations of mine‐site activity, the area of woodland and wetland habitat subject to development has increased from approximately 2,520 hectare (ha) in 1984 to 32,930 ha in 2005.