旅游地农户生计资本与社区可持续生计发展研究——以秦巴山区安康一区三县为例

在DFID可持续生计框架下,构建旅游地农户生计资本评价模型,测度其生计资本规模及结构变化,并分析乡村旅游社区发展对农户生计资本变化趋向的影响。研究发现：①秦巴山区乡村旅游地农户生计资本得到整体提升,农户生计呈现多元化发展趋势;②乡村旅游影响下的农户金融资本、物资资本、自然资本和人力资本均得到提升,社会资本则处于相对较低水平;通过二元Logistic回归分析,发现社区居民的旅游获利程度、社区参与旅游发展程度、社区旅游发展基础条件等对农户资本趋向好转与优化具有正向显著影响。     

中国居民消费增长波动多尺度变化及趋势研究

采用经验模态分解(EMD)方法对1953-2009年中国居民消费增长率波动进行分解,得到其IMF分量及趋势分量RES,运用方差贡献率及相关性检验其周期变化,并利用Mann-Kendall非参数统计检验方法对增长趋势进行研究。结果表明:中国居民消费增长波动存在3年、8年和12.4年的准周期,以准8年周期为主,准3年周期次之;56年来居民消费呈波动增长趋势,1978年是其突变点,当年对外开放政策的提出极大促进了居民消费增长,1983年居民消费增长率超过临界直线,此后呈显著上升趋势。经济因素、居民收入水平和消费结构是影响中国居民消费增长波动的主要因素。     

Working the Yucatán in the neoliberal landscape: household management,consumption and the lives of intellectual elite women

This article examines the lives of academic women in Mérida, the state capital of the Yucatán in southern Mexico. In particular, I consider the relationship between work – including household management – and consumer practices in light of Mérida's changing socioeconomic climate. I address how women's lives have been impacted by the neoliberal restructuring of Mexico's political economy and what these changes mean to their experience of university life, household management styles and consumption practices. I point out how labor and consumption are deeply interrelated cultural practices, which have acquired new meanings in the neoliberal landscape. Accordingly, consumption practices must be understood in connection with women's social and professional identities.     

社会-生态系统重构背景下农户适应行为及影响机理

随着全球气候变化与可持续性科学发展,适应性研究逐渐成为国际社会关注的热点。农户适应性为可持续生计研究提供了新视角。本文基于社会-生态系统重构背景,从农户视角出发,通过构建农户适应作用分析框架来探讨民勤绿洲地区农户适应行为选择及其影响因素交互效应,厘清农户适应性影响机理。研究结果表明:(1)以生态治理恢复、农业种植结构调整为主导的政府政策实施重构了乡村社会-生态系统,推动农户生计适应策略变化。(2)农户生计适应性行为以农业调整为主,被动适应行为选择较少,外出打工成为未来生计趋势。(3)系统外部影响因素中有效灌溉率(水资源状况)是交互作用的核心因素,左右农户生计适应选择。农户适应行为选择主要受系统内部自然资本、劳动力资本与认知水平、金融资本以及社会关系网络因素影响。(4)农户资本内部结构与储量的差异是适应行为选择多元化的内在动力,以生态恢复主导的政府计划性适应管理是农户适应行为选择的外在推力。生计资本及系统内外部要素交互作用的综合影响推动农户适应行为发展与变化。     

Recent research in the archaeology of architecture: Beyond the foundations

Although architectural remains have always been a principal focus of archaeological investigation, research on such remains, particularly small-scale structures, has taken on new importance because of the information they can offer on human behavior. This article provides a review of recent trends in the archaeology of architecture (mainly domestic in nature), including current work in household archaeology and spatial patterning analysis of architectural remains, and discusses the new models and methodologies being generated to interpret these remains. The main areas covered in this review include the New World, Mesoamerica in particular, Europe, and general focus on recent work in the Near East.     

Book Reviews

Books Reviewed:
Don Mitchell, Cultural Geography: a critical introduction
Lesley Head, Cultural Landscapes and Environmental Change
F Driver and D Gilbert, Imperial cities: landscape, display and identity