洛阳周公庙与五贤祠的兴衰

洛阳周公庙始建于隋末,位于隋唐东都洛阳宫城应天门东侧,后代历经修缮.五贤祠位于周公庙旁边,从某种意义上说它是周公庙的补充和延伸.文中披露有关文献和近年出土的碑刻文物,见证了洛阳周公庙与五贤祠的兴废.     

试论大连大嘴子遗址第三期文化陶簋

本文首先概述了大嘴子遗址第三期文化以及双砣子、大砣子遗址等同类考古学文化发现的陶簋.在此基础上,从陶簋的保存状况、形制、成套出现的礼仪特征等方面,与河南孟津妯娌遗址出土的礼器——铙形器进行对比研究,认为陶簋是大嘴子遗址第三期文化仅见的陶礼器——专用祭器.     

河北及京津地区早中全新世文化的时空分布及其气候环境因素

本文根据考古学14C年代数据和考古遗存情况,结合高分辨率的地层和古气候研究资料,分析了河北及京津地区早中全新世文化的时空分布格局以及影响遗址分布的地貌和气候因素。该地区早中全新世文化时间序列为:早期新石器时代文化(10,000~8,800 yr BP)、新石器早中期之间的文化缺环(约8,800~7,300 yr BP)、7,300~6,500yr BP的磁山.兴隆洼.北福地一期三大文化系统并立发展时期以及6,500~6,000 yr BP的前仰韶文化时期。文化序列与气候序列对比发现:文化发展很大程度上受到气候条件的制约。从文化分布空间来看,具有如下特征:首先,早中全新世时期的文化分布在与当时海岸线平行的弧形地带上,这种分布格局与气候和地貌条件有关。在排除了地势高亢和海侵影响地区后,太行山东麓到古海岸线之间的弧形地带成为最佳选择。其次,从遗址分布高度来看,当时人仍居住在较高地貌面上,海侵及众多湖沼阻止了人类向东部平原腹地迈进的步伐。     

吐谷浑王都伏俟城选址议——兼谈游牧民族建都选址的观念

吐谷浑政权后期以青海湖西南岸的伏俟城为王都,与当时的政治、经济、军事形势的变化有一定关系,通过对自然地理、地缘政治、交通路线、区域经济、军事地理等几个建都选址的要素分析后发现,各项历史地理因素在吐谷浑设置王城的过程中所起的作用与农耕民族建都选址所遵行的原则多有不同,很大程度上是取了城的形式,实质上仍以游牧民族的自身社会生活特征为主导,反映出游牧民族建都选址的规律与特征。     

Contribution of the resistivity method to characterize mud walls in a very dry region and comparison with GPR

Mud walls are frequent in many archaeological sites, including sites located in semi-desert regions. In cases with buried walls, the geophysical methods can be useful tools for their investigation, since they provide maps of the subsoil in a non-invasive way and in relatively short times. This article deals with the characterization of mud walls in very dry soils through the resistivity method, discussing a methodology to satisfactorily apply the method in this kind of adverse environment and how to interpret the results. The case of the Palo Blanco archaeological site, a pre-Incaic village located in the NW region of Argentina, is analyzed.     

肯尼亚滨海省马林迪老城遗址的初步研究

马林迪位于肯尼亚南部沿海地区,是郑和在下西洋过程中可能到达过的重要的东非据点。在东非海岸的若干地点中,马林迪一直以来也是非常重要的贸易港口之一。在中外文献中,有不少疑似意指马林迪的记载,但描述多较为模糊,使人难以确定其在大航海时代之前所在的确切地点。中肯联合拉穆群岛陆上考古项目开展以来,我们对马林迪老城进行了实地调查,并选择地点进行了小规模的试掘。本文试图回顾中外文献及相关研究,并对各方观点进行评述,进而结合已有研究,对实地调查和发掘成果予以介绍,并对马林迪老城这一遗址的所在和发展进行初步的分析。     

黑水城元代汉文法律文书校勘

中国藏黑水城汉文文献中有一批元代法律文书,因其具有真实性、通俗性、丰富性等特点,故是研究语言文字、法律制度、历史文化等的宝贵资料。又因为此批文书存在内容残缺不全、字迹漫漶不清、文字讹脱衍倒、字形草俗并呈及词语疑难不解等方面的问题,所以整理本在释录方面难免会存在一些可资商榷的地方。今从中选取十八则释录可商的例子,通过复核图版,综合运用语言学、文字学、文献学等学科的方法,对它们进行仔细辨正,以期还原此批文书的真实面貌,促进学界对此批文书的深入研究。     

三星堆遗址二号坑出土部分青铜器表面附着丝绸残留物的发现与研究

四川省文物考古研究院等单位运用超景深显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、显微红外光谱等分析技术,对三星堆遗址二号祭祀坑出土的部分青铜器表面进行了显微观察和检测分析。显微观察结果表明,青铜器表面附着有经纬组织明显的纺织残留物,根据保存状况可以分为纺织实物、炭化物和泥化物;扫描电镜分析结果显示纤维表面光整、截面呈三角形;结合显微红外分析结果,可以确定残留物的原料为蚕丝。实验结果证实了三星堆文化时期丝绸的存在,也探明了丝绸的发现位置,根据赋存状况,推测丝绸与青铜器、金器共同构建了三星堆祭祀文化体系。     

A Study on the Whetstone-as-Funerary-Object Practice at the Jinsha Site,Chengdu

Whetstone-as-funerary-object was a common practice seen in tombs at the Jinsha site. Commonly found in the tombs at the Jinsha site, whetstones could have been a signifier of professional soldiers or violence groups in the ancient Shu culture, thus a product of the stratified ancient Shu society. Whetstones have been largely discovered in boat-coffin burials. The practice took form no later than the early Western Zhou dynasty, went on the decline in the late Spring and Autumn period, and came to an end in the Warring States period. The burial custom in question reflects the rise and fall of Jinsha as the central settlement area, and is a likely result of the two major transitions the ancient Shu society underwent over the period from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn period. The ancient Shu society experienced regime changes and went under the reign of reshuffling rulers in the late Spring and Autumn period; as a result, the emerging ruling elite abandoned the old whetstone-as-funerary-object practice, and embraced the new world.     

Stone Tool Production of the Longshan Culture at the Liangchengzhen Site in Rizhao of Shandong

The manufacture of stone tools was one of the most important craft production activities in prehistoric human society. Previously, lack of sound evidence had made it too early to confirm whether or not stone tool production during the Longshan cultural period had already transformed from a primitive self-sufficient household mode of production to a specialized mode of production. Excavation of the site of the Longshan cultural site at Liangchengzhen in Rizhao, Shandong from 1998–2001 through meticulous field methods such as sieving and floatation yielded a large number of lithic reduction tools, ranging from grinding stones, stone hammers, and polishing stones to raw materials, semi-finished products, and lithic debitage of various sizes, resulting from the lithic reduction process. This excavation suggests that the Liangchenzhen site was a settlement site where the complete process of lithic reduction was practiced. Through comparison with contemporary large-scale excavated sites of the Longshan culture, it is suggested that the Area 1 at the Liangchengzhen site was a lithic reduction locality with a relatively high degree of specialization which was used for hundreds of years. It is possible that stone tool production had already advanced to a stage of relatively high specialization during the Longshan cultural period in the Haidai region.