Testing Methods of Record Linkage on Swedish Censuses

Abstract.

Research benefits a great deal when different kinds of registers can be combined. Record linkage is an important tool for connecting sources to create longitudinal databases of individual data. In this article, researchers test and evaluate different methods of record linkage used when linking two censuses. By comparing the results of the census linkage with other continuous Swedish parish registers, they find that applying constructed name variables and household links considerably increases the success rate without the risk of introducing bias. Missing links are mainly related to name problems, and appear most frequently among children and when the family structure has changed between the censuses. Faulty links are very few and must be regarded as only a marginal problem for analysis. The study underlines the importance of adapting the linkage process to the special characteristics of the sources.     

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The author considers three methods of counting maternal deaths, and hence of calculating maternal mortality levels, in the nineteenth century. The first method counts maternal deaths classified in contemporary statistical publications. The second method examines nineteenth-century death registers for records of maternal deaths. The third method identifies maternal deaths through family reconstitution. The author finds that each method, in isolation, leads to underestimating maternal mortality levels because maternal deaths were often misregistered or misclassified under nonmaternal causes and were often not associated with live, registered births, as required for family reconstitution.     

Gender: A Useful Category in the Analysis of Ego-Documents?

The article discusses the significance of the concept of gender for historical analysis, particularly on the basis of the importance of different types of ego-documents for the self-expression of the sexes. Attention is focused mainly on the status of autobiographies as a historical source, with some consideration of other types of life writing. It is shown how the form of this genre affects the sexes’ access to self-expression and how their differing ‘cultural space’ opens up opportunities for people's self-creation. The development is viewed in an international light, with reference to both ego-documents and history in general, and it is shown how sources of this kind and women's perspectives are necessary preconditions for the humanities to be able to achieve an important reinterpretation of older historical arguments. Each can provide scholars with opportunities to investigate material that has previously defied their analysis.     

近年来我国历史文化名城保护研究的进展

我国历史文化名城保护的研究起步较晚,但发展很快。本文主要从名城保护概念,名城保护的三个层次,保护与发展关系等方面对近十年来的研究状况和进展作一综述。并指出总的发展趋势是从宏观走向微观、从单一走向多元,从理论走向实践。     

16世纪后期英国的外贸公司及其历史作用

16世纪后期的英国,资本主义生产关系已初步形成,工农业生产得到一定程度的发展,呢绒成为英国重要的出口商品。都铎政府采取重商政策,鼓励商品出口。在此背景下,对外贸易公司纷纷成立。这些贸易公司除了在其垄断地区进行正常贸易外,同时从事地理发现和海上掠夺,并代表政府进行外交活动。外贸公司的活动,促进了英国工业的发展,对英国当时和后来的经济发展产生了深远的影响。这一时期出现的外贸合股公司这一组织形式,成为英国17世纪对北美洲和印度实行殖民占领和统治的过渡的组织形式。外贸合股公司为不列颠殖民帝国的创建做出了不可磨灭的贡献。     

西方人口史研究新进展述评

20世纪中叶以来 ,西方在人口史研究方面取得了巨大进展 ,还采用了新的研究方法。这些成果不仅提供了对近代人口普查前的各国人口数量和结构等基本状况的描述 ,而且增进了历史学对一些重大问题的理论探讨 ,拓宽了历史学的视野和领域。     

青藏高原东北边缘及毗邻地区历史时期的人地关系及其演进

以人地相互作用为主线,本文探讨了历史时期青藏高原东北边缘及毗邻地区人地关系演进的时空背景、作用模式和基本特点,针对三个阶段人地相互作用的主导因素和动力机制的差异,分别建立了"气候波动主导下的人地交互作用模式"、"地缘格局主导下的人地地域互动模式"和"土地承载力限制下的人地关系循环模式"。     

The periodontal disease status of the historical population of Assos

The science of anthropology obtains data on health, disease and death from ancient populations. Research on the skeletal remains of human teeth and surrounding tissues provides useful information on the evolutionary perspective of dental and periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of periodontal diseases in the skeletal remains of 33 Assos inhabitants of the 4th century BC. Three age groups were constituted for the studied population. Periodontal disease status was determined based on the textural and architectural variations of the interdental septum and the extent of bone loss. It was found that the prevalence of periodontal diseases increased with age. The severity of periodontal bone loss also increased with age and the mean alveolar bone loss between age groups was statistically significant (P = 0.004). This analysis of the dental health of ancient populations provides insights into the aetiology, patterns and distribution of periodontitis, which has a very complex disease pathogenesis. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

世界城市全球化空间的演变与重塑模式——以柏林波茨坦广场为例

全球化空间的产生与发展是世界城市以及发展中的世界城市具有普遍意义的空间议题。运用问卷分析、半结构访谈及文本分析相互佐证的数据,借助三角验证法,对柏林波茨坦广场全球化空间的形成动力与影响因素进行了系统研究。研究表明：①柏林波茨坦广场全球化空间形成的核心动力是跨国政治的作用,以一种历史层累的模式,不断杂糅、混合进生产性服务业集聚的经济动力和世界性艺术文化设施集聚的文化动力。②不同时期全球政治局势、国家及城市发展历史、政府作用、城市重建是波茨坦广场全球化空间形成的影响因素。这些因素在不同历史时期作用于波茨坦广场,综合了跨国政治、跨国经济、跨国文化的空间形态要素,引发波茨坦广场数次地景变迁与功能重组,最终形成了世界上“独一无二”的全球化空间。③波茨坦广场的重建是其全球化空间重塑的关键环节,其空间重塑模式为由单一要素主导转向多种要素融合的国家主导发展模式。对中国世界城市全球化空间的建设与治理具有启示作用。     

永恒的薪火——怀念我的老师白寿彝先生

白寿彝先生把自己一生贡献给史学事业.他的治史体现出崇高的精神境界,这就是研究历史是为了推动历史发展的气魄,治史中不断创新的器识以及世界史的胸怀.先生研究历史的眼光是开阔的,他总是从世界范围内认识历史学问题.