我国遗产旅游开发的问题、误区及对策研究 --关于"世遗门票上涨"的思考

超载开发与资金匮乏是困扰我国遗产旅游开发的两大主要问题,也是保护与发展所争论的焦点。北京六大世遗门票上涨事件引发了全国各遗产景区的连锁反应,凸显了我国遗产旅游市场的非理性运作,也揭示了部分开发者对资源与产品的认识误区。本文以此为切入点,从经济学的角度分析了单一的票价调控机制在调节人流和增收资金两方面的局限性,并建议从提高认识、多渠道融资、多手段调节及深化公众参与制度等四方面来探索遗产旅游开发问题的解决之道。     

文化遗产旅游商业化的路径依赖理论模型

文化遗产地的旅游发展部逃脱不了这样的一个发展模式：遗产被“发现”、被包装后推向市场,开始走入现代化的发展道路,起到了地区经济的带动效益,但最终又不免陷入“过度商业化”的困境。本文总结了遗产地旅游商业化的动态过程,通过旅游开发中。文化资本和经济资本的转化,对遗产资源开发的商业化作了理论阐述,提出文化遗产旅游商业化“路径”依赖的假说,并建立遗产地旅游商业化发展的理论模型。     

基于旅游者感知的世界文化遗产吸引力研究——以泰山为例

本研究以泰山为例,通过对旅游者进行问卷调查,利用因子分析方法,确定了文化遗产旅游吸引力系统的主要构成因素及其内部结构。依据因子的特征值,吸引力因素可以分为不同的层次,其中核心吸引力因素决定着文化遗产旅游吸引力的性质。遗产类资源是一个复杂的文化系统,旅游吸引力系统的构成因素只是整体文化系统的组成部分,但代表了旅游者感知的文化遗产特征,发展旅游应注意开发项目与吸引力系统特性的一致性。     

环境解说评估研究综述

环境解说评估具有导向、鉴定、改进、管理、调控以及服务功能。国外的环境解说评估注重运用定性与定量分析结合的方式,研究内容包括：游客对解说媒体满意度和偏好、环境解说评估的方法和效果、环境解说的综合评估、环境解说评估标准等。国内相关研究起步比较晚,研究内容多为探讨解说效果和游客满意度,也有少量关于环境解说评估的理论思考以及评估方式探讨。本文认为,需要进一步扩展环境解说评估的对象,丰富环境解说评估的方法,加强前期评估和阶段评估的研究,并建立起环境解说标准。     

中国文化遗产竞争力指标体系构建与测评

提升文化遗产竞争力,谋求中国在国际文化竞争中的话语权,无疑是当今国家文化建设面临的重大课题.本文从文化遗产生产力、文化遗产消费力、文化遗产支撑力、文化遗产传播力、文化遗产管理力以及文化遗产创新力六个方面构建中国文化遗产竞争力指标体系,在此基础上,结合主客观赋权法对文化遗产竞争力指标体系的权重进行综合确定,并对我国31个...     

侗族百家宴非遗文化旅游空间生产中的角色实践:基于“角色—空间”理论分析框架

角色与空间互构视野下，研究聚焦文化空间这一空间类型，将角色理论与文化空间理论和空间生产理论对接，运用研究整合法构建了“角色-空间”理论分析框架。在此基础上，研究以文化空间类非遗--广西侗族百家宴为研究对象，以广西三江侗族自治县程阳八寨景区岩寨为案例地，关注旅游开发后侗族百家宴非遗文化旅游空间生产中的角色建构、角色扮演、角色情境定义等角色实践问题，以及角色实践视野下侗族百家宴非遗文化旅游空间生产的结果。这对于提高传统角色理论在空间问题研究上的解释力、促进角色理论的空间转向，拓展文化空间理论和空间生产理论的角色面向，以及在微观实践层面上明确侗族百家宴文化空间保护与旅游化生存策略具有较大裨益。     

Authenticity and heritage conservation: seeking common complexities beyond the ‘Eastern’ and ‘Western’ dichotomy

ABSTRACT

This article challenges the claimed gulf between ‘Eastern’ and ‘Western’ concepts and approaches to heritage conservation through an analysis of the common complexities surrounding authenticity. The past few decades have witnessed an important critique of ‘Eurocentric’ notions of heritage conservation, drawing on ‘non-Western’, particularly Asian, contexts. Authenticity has been a core principle and defining element in this development. Endorsed by a series of charters and documents, a relativistic approach emphasising the cultural specificity of authenticity has been introduced alongside the European-originated materialist approach in international policy and conservation philosophy. However, the promotion of Asian difference has also contributed to an increasingly entrenched and unproductive dichotomy between ‘Eastern’ and ‘Western’ approaches to heritage. This article reveals common complexities surrounding authenticity in two countries crosscutting this dualism – China and Scotland. Drawing on a number of ethnographic projects, our analysis identifies themes that characterise the experience of authenticity across different cultural contexts. It contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the evolving relationships between heritage conservation and contemporary societies with important implications for global heritage discourses and collaborative ventures crosscutting ‘Eastern’ and ‘Western’ contexts.     

Conserving by aesthetics,conserving by development: the rescaling and worlding of global south heritage

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the genealogy of rescaling the cultural armature of heritage in the Global South rooted within the colonial culture and postcolonial aid programs. Taking the case of historic Cairo, it explores how policies have developed through experimental practices of conservation to scale up authority, control, and power over residents and neighborhoods from the 19^th century to the present. The paper theorizes two paradigmatic approaches of conservation practices – by aesthetics and development – which have expanded Cairo’s inventory of monuments. The infatuation of heritage experts (the Comité de Conservation des Monuments de l’Art Arabe and Aga Khan Trust for Culture) with old neighborhoods has fostered accumulation by dispossession, disrupting people’s environments to generate a worlding image of heritage. The paper concludes with the metaphor of conservation practices as re-construction sites, as they repurpose the relationships between heritage, people, and their means of governmentality.     

From conflict archaeology to archaeologies of conflict: remote survey in Kandahar,Afghanistan

ABSTRACT

Emerging from research with the Afghan Heritage Mapping Partnership, a multi-year project using satellite imagery to detect, record and manage archaeological heritage, this paper examines the potentials of remote-sensing to not only monitor archaeological material culture, but also contemporary materiality as it is violently (re)assembled through conflict. Through systematic remote-sensed archaeological survey using diachronic imagery in Kandahar, Afghanistan, this work expands archaeological understanding of an under-surveyed region while exploring the impact of the region’s expansive military infrastructural footprint on cultural heritage. Further, this research considers the long history of landscapes of control and successive military occupations. Remote survey allows for continued generation of archaeological data during conflict, thereby enabling more thorough heritage management. Finally, this survey demonstrates that, although remote aerial technologies have been criticized as tools of violence, surveillance and control, satellite imagery can be used analytically to generate new understandings of and challenges to military infrastructural reach.     

US protection of underwater cultural heritage beyond the territorial sea: problems and prospects

Current US treatment of underwater cultural heritage beyond the territorial sea is analysed in light of Law of the Sea principles and the UNESCO Draft Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage.