社会节奏与自然节律的契合--近代江南地区的农事活动与乡村娱乐

乡村戏剧、社会交往及赌博是近代江南乡村地区几种比较重要的娱乐活动。但细究之下,这些活动并非在一年之中的每一个时段都会均匀地进行,而总是会伴随着农事活动的开展显示出一定的周期性,即通常集中在农闲时期进行,一入农忙则就很少发生。这实际上反映出一种社会节奏与自然节律间相契合的关系。     

基于社区主导的乡村旅游内生式开发模式研究

本文回顾了乡村旅游社区参与、社区主导相关方面的中外研究,认为根据中国实情,以外源型发展为特征的社区参与不利于乡村旅游的可持续发展,而应选取内生式发展的社区主导开发模式。同时,阐述了社区主导模式的三种不同类型,即基层组织主导模式、股份制运营模式和专业合作社主导模式,探究了这三种模式的利弊以及适宜性.     

Were Olduvai Hominins making butchering tools or battering tools? Analysis of a recently excavated lithic assemblage from BK (Bed II,Olduvai Gorge,Tanzania)

A new interpretation of early stone-tool use by hominins at Olduvai depicts them as involved in battering activities (using pounding tools) rather than making cutting butchering tools as is commonly inferred in most other Plio-Pleistocene sites where lithics appear associated to faunal remains. The bulk of this interpretation is based on the recognition of the stigma of percussion activities in anvils and detached by-products. Renewed excavations at BK after more than half a century of the beginning of the digging at the site by M. Leakey have produced a new and unbiased lithic assemblage. The taphonomic study of the faunal assemblage has shown that BK is an anthropogenic site where carcass butchery practices were repeatedly performed over a vast amount of time. The present analysis of the lithic artefacts supports this interpretation by showing that the obtainment of flakes was the principal aim in stone knapping. We argue that a number of technical traits observed in the lithic collection of BK can be best interpreted as the result of bipolar loading rather than the by-products of battering activities. Since BK has provided the second largest collection of hominid-modified bones from Olduvai, it is concluded that detached pieces produced in the course of bipolar reduction might have played an active role in bone modification and that active rather than passive percussion behaviors might have been responsible for the formation of the lithic assemblage. The functionality of the Oldowan stone tools are discussed under the light of the new study.     

政局动荡时期中国学人的生存样态——从李思纯《金陵日记》、《吴宓日记》、《胡适日记》中窥见

After the abolishment of China’s Imperial Examination System and the founding of the Republic of China, the exterior mode of the Chinese scholars’ life, such as their academic research and ways of making a living, changed dramatically, but their real life style, including their habits, hobbies and tastes, did not show fundamental change. From the unpublished diary of an important but non-famous scholar Li Sichun of Sichuan University, with a close reference of Wu Mi’s and Hu Shi’s diary at approximately the same time, one can see that Chinese scholars kept their traditional literate life style and tastes until the 1940s. Therefore, we can make a conclusion that the social transition did not affect many scholars’ real life as profound as many present studies have claimed. Translated by Wang Wensheng from Shehui Kexue Yanjiu 社会科学研究 (Social Sciences Research), 2008, (4): 145–156     

珠江三角洲镇域乡镇工业发展及其地方经济影响研究——以顺德市北窑镇为例

本文以珠江三洲为研究区域,以顺德市北窑镇为实例,就乡镇工业发展对一个镇域地方经济产生的影响进行了研究。认为在一些乡镇工业部门的发展过程中,可以作为一个\"增长极\",通过前后项生产联系有效地带动地方农业和第三产业的增长,从而形成地方的多种经济活动空间集聚体。因此,地方政府在选择其经济增长极时需对其与其它经济部门的前后项生产联系作周密的考察。     

社区建成环境对老年人社会交往活动的影响研究

我国正步入老龄化社会,社会交往活动对实现健康老龄化具有积极作用,深入理解社区建成环境对老年人社会交往活动的影响,是促进老年人身心健康的重要途径.本文基于2015年\"第四次中国城乡老年人生活状况抽样调查\"数据,运用多水平回归模型,重点考察社区建成环境对老年人社会交往活动的影响.研究发现,我国老年人36％的社会交往水平差异...