高铁枢纽城市旅游产业供给水平评价研究——以西安市为例

高速铁路的开通大幅提升和拓展了旅游目的地的可达性和客源市场的范围,也对沿线枢纽城市的旅游产业供给水平提出了更高的要求。本文以中西部高铁枢纽城市西安作为实证对象,借助专家调查法和AHP分析法构建高铁影响下的枢纽城市旅游产业供给水平的评价指标体系;并以武汉市、南京市作为参照对象展开比较评价。研究显示,高铁条件下的西安旅游产业供给水平总体呈增长态势,但各供给要素水平差异明显,且整体城市旅游环境仍有较大的提升空间。     

供应链管理若干问题研究综述

本文在回顾供应链研究发展的基础上,提出对供应链、供应链管理概念的再认识。进而对目前供应链管理的几个热点问题包括库存管理、物流系统规划、战略伙伴关系管理及供应链绩效评估的发展现状进行较为深入的探讨。最后结合供应链所处的现代环境,提出绿色供应链、信息供应链与敏捷供应链三个供应链管理研究发展方向。     

新中国区际粮食流通的三次变化及其原因分析

新中国50多年间,粮食流通经历了计划调拨到市场调节的变化过程。在这一变化过程中,粮食流向流量发生了由南粮北调到北粮南运到北出南进乃至南北同出三次历史性变化。通过对这一过程和相关因素的分析可以看出,这三次重大的历史变化既是中国区域经济在市场化主导下非均衡发展的结果,同时,它又将对区域经济和国民经济、世界经济的进一步发展和调整产生重大的影响。     

Starch grain characterization of Prosopis chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz and P. flexuosa DC,and the analysis of their archaeological remains in Andean South America

The fruit (pods) of Prosopis (Fabaceae) are frequently recovered from pre-Hispanic Argentinian archaeological sites, suggesting that this genus was of importance in ancient economies in this region. Yet it is only recently that archaeobotanists have begun to carry out systematic research into this genus. Therefore many questions remain to be addressed concerning the food value of Prosopis fruit, and its potential contribution. This paper examines starch from the pods of two species, Prosopis flexuosa and Prosopis chilensis, for the purposes of describing and classifying their morphological features and biometrical parameters. Pods of both species were gathered from two extremes (northern and southern) of the Hualfín Valley, Catamarca, Argentina. Starch abundance is estimated and compared with that of Zea mays, an economically important plant with high concentrations of starch. This paper reveals that Prosopis pods contain very low amounts of starch compared to starch-rich edible species. Despite this, the recovery of Prosopis starch grains can be successfully used to assess archaeological tool uses. Prosopis starch grains were found to be highly variable in shape. Grain size ranged between 10 and 20 μm. Granule irregularity and the high birefringence under polarized light are two of the most important diagnostic features. No significant statistical differences were found in the structure (morphology, size and hilum) of the starch of the same species from both localities. Finally, the implications for the role of this plant in past societies are discussed.     

试论清代的漕粮海运文化

晚清漕运的主体方式是海运,在6口余年的海运过程中,逐渐形成了以祭祀海神、修建会馆和撰写诗歌为特色的海运文化。这一独特文化现象的出现,既是清代漕粮海运的重要组成部分,也是当时社会风尚的合理延伸。     

民国时期北平城市粮食市场区位分布及其等级研究

民国时期北平城市人口众多,粮食需求颇费。北平火车站附近的粮栈作为第一级市场将粮食输入到北平城内,一级销售商携带粮食样品在第二级粮食交易市场进行商品交换,第三级市场销售商在二级交易市场确定货源后,将粮食供应全市人民,最终覆盖整个北平城。第一级粮食市场承担代替外地粮商销售买卖的功能,多集中在车站附近;二级粮食市场确定了一级市场的货源后,进一步将粮食供应系统扩大;三级销售市场的主要表现形式为米庄和陆陈行,其特点为数量大、规模小、覆盖范围广,有效地将粮食输入给最终消费者。粮食供给直接关系到民生问题,本文围绕粮食这一主题,探讨了民国时期北平城市粮食市场的总体运作原则、粮食商业的运行模式以及每级粮食供应商的特点与粮食流通方式,指出北平粮食市场的三个级别间的相互联系。     

新时期农村经济改革成功的原因再探

十一届三中全会后农村经济改革的成功主要归功于家庭承包经营的实行和推广,但同时也应看到一些尚被人们忽视的重要因素——国家在这一时期采取提高粮食收购价、限定粮食征购数量而扩大进口粮食等特殊政策,为农民多劳多得的承包积极性提供了持续的推动力和可行条件。另外,从生产力决定生产关系的基本原理考察,"四三方案"引进大化肥成套设备的投产,成倍地增加了单位化肥施用量;籼型杂交水稻和高产小麦的研制成功和推广,将粮食亩产大幅度增加,都使得农村经济改革如虎添翼,取得了粮食产量连上新台阶的巨大成就。这些因素共同促使新时期农村经济改革顺利进行并最终取得成功。     

清末至抗战前安徽在全国稻米供需格局中的地位

清末至抗战前,我国稻米供需格局发生了变动,清代前期的粮源地中仅剩下湖南、江西和安徽三省.三省中,安徽稻米输出量最大,历年输出最为稳定,销售范围最广.安徽成为全国首要米源地的原因主要有:皖米因人口锐减输出量增大;芜湖米市的形成吸聚了大批米粮和米商,使皖米销售范围扩大、销量增加;皖米的市场竞争力相对较强;湘、赣两省的输出能力有所降低,实际输出量减少等.     

Complex raw materials and the supply system: Mineralogical and geochemical study of the jade artefacts of the Longshan Culture (2400–2000 bce) from Sujiacun site in coastal Shandong,China

X‐ray fluorescence (XRF), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy were employed to analyse the chemical compositions and phase structures of nine pieces of jade artefacts unearthed from Sujiacun, a Longshan Culture (2400–2000 bce ) site in coastal Shandong, eastern China. The results of the analyses indicated these samples were primarily made from multiple raw mineral materials, including antigorite, actinolite, clinochlore, turquoise and muscovite. No nephrite was recovered from the Sujiacun site. This is strikingly different from other top‐ranking settlements of Longshan Culture, such as Dantu, Liangchengzhen and Xizhufeng, in which nephrite was the main material of jade artefacts. This may reflect the distinctions in the supply system of jade raw materials among different rankings of Longshan period sites. In addition, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) was used to analyse the composition of the rare earth elements of serpentine jade. These preliminary results were compared with published data on the composition of serpentine jade and it was found that the Sujiacun serpentine jade artefacts were likely sourced from the Taishan jade deposit.     

China's Nuclear Energy in Light of the Disaster in Japan

An American specialist on Russian agriculture examines that country's agrarian policy, as well as the agricultural sector more generally, one year into the presidency of Dmitriy Medvedev. Focusing on the three key policy issues—state financial support, state intervention in the grain market, and international food trade policy—he assesses the extent to which current policy represents a continuation of that prevailing during the presidency of Vladimir Putin. The author discusses the appointment of a new Agriculture Minister in 2009, which may signal a different approach to the management of the sector, and concludes with an assessment of the impact of the global financial crisis. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: F130, Q100, Q170, Q180. 2 tables, 63 references.