行业博物馆:城市旅游的重要内容

独特的城市文化使城市已逐渐成为重要的旅游目的地,城市旅游也成为各个城市发展旅游经济的重要举措。博物馆是城市中重要的文化设施,博物馆旅游是一种更具文化内涵、陶冶游客情操、满足游客高层次文化需求和精神享受的旅游形式。行业博物馆充分地展现了某一城市工业文明的发展历程,在城市工业旅游中扮演着重要的角色。     

一般均衡视角的旅游产业福利效应研究——基于中国四个世界双遗产旅游地的面板数据分析

本文利用一般均衡理论,以图解分析法分析旅游产业快速发展对旅游目的地所产生的福利效应。研究显示,旅游产业快速发展对旅游目的地GDP增长率有显著的积极影响,推动了社会福利水平的提升,但对旅游目的地CPI、居民实际收入、工农业等相关产业发展、收入分配、社会治安、生态环境等有显著的消极影响,又在一定程度上降低了当地居民的社会福利,其最终影响取决于积极影响与消积影响的＂双向均衡＂。同时,以中国四个世界自然与文化双遗产旅游区为实证研究对象验证了这种＂双向均衡＂社会福利效应的存在性。研究为我国不同旅游目的地旅游产业的产业定位与可持续发展的政策制定提供了一定的借鉴。     

由“分期”史到“断代”史——民国时期大学“中国通史”讲授体系之演变

民国时期大学的中国通史讲授,有一个从模仿西洋史上古、中古、近古、近世的分期体系,向断代体系逐步演变的过程,最通行的断代方法为先秦、秦汉、魏晋南北朝、隋唐五代、宋辽金元、明清六段。在前一种讲授体系下,由于分期标准难以确定,造成时期划分极端混乱,中西历史对照讲授的目的难以达到,而且由于受西方中心史观的影响,还出现了强分时代乃至割裂历史的弊端。因此,这种讲授体系逐渐被各大学所抛弃,而代之以后者。后一种讲授体系的最终确立,是在分段问题上充分考虑中国自身历史发展特点的结果。其问题主要在于各段历史在实际讲授过程当中,常常不能衔接,造成通史事实上不通。与通史讲授体系的演变相呼应,通史教科书的编撰,也大体经历了一个从模仿西洋史分期,到依据本国历史发展特点构建本国通史著作体系的演变。这是中国史研究逐渐深入的一个表现。     

Spatial equilibrium in deviations: An application to skill‐premium and skill‐mix heterogeneity

In this paper, we propose a novel—and general‐purpose—modeling approach. We give a linear representation of the spatial general equilibrium, expressed in terms of local percentage deviations from the benchmark case of symmetry, where all the areas in the economy are taken to be initially identical. To illustrate the flexibility of our approach, we revisit the literature on the spatial heterogeneity of local skill premia and local skill mix. We show that our approach is able to encompass a variety of alternative explanations in a simple “unifying framework.” Finally, we exploit a graphical version of the model to show how to implement empirical tests.     

Using General Estimating Equations to Analyze Oral Health in the Moche Valley of Perú

This study introduces a new method for analyzing oral health indicators and thus reconstructing diet. To this end, we examined the dental remains of 173 individuals recovered from the site of Cerro Oreja in the Moche Valley of Perú, who lived during the Salinar (400–1 BC) or Gallinazo (AD 1–200) phases. The infectious and degenerative conditions analyzed include: dental caries, dental wear, dental abscess, antemortem tooth loss and dental calculus, all of which have been used to track dietary and thus subsistence‐related economic and sociopolitical changes. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations, an extension of generalized linear models. Significant changes in the frequency of occurrence of most dental conditions suggest that during the period of study, there was an increase in the consumption of agricultural products. However, these changes in oral health did not equally affect females and males. By the end of the Gallinazo phase, significant sex differences developed, with females more often affected by dental caries and males displaying greater mean molar wear scores. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Editorial Introduction

Franz Boas defined anthropology over a century ago as a four-field discipline in danger of fragmentation. It has endured with stresses and strains by maintaining many integrative ties among the sub-disciplines. Vibrant links indicate that a healthy endeavor remains among anthropologists dedicated to an interdisciplinary approach. Little and Kennedy suggest that the story can be told by the histories of individuals, institutions, ideas, and traditions. However, they focus on individuals and institutions and seldom consider the histories of ideas, leading them to omit significant events. Fagan describes the origins of archaeology more thoroughly and situates individuals within the larger context.     

School geography: some key issues for higher education

Abstract

Recent changes in the character and organisation of the school curriculum in England and Wales are making a direct impact on geography. Despite its place in the National Curriculum for 5–14‐year‐olds and its current popularity in public examinations at 16 + and 18 +, there are growing indications that geography may not be guaranteed security, status or quality in the long term. In particular, geography's position may be threatened in the 14–19 curriculum by its failure to be included in the statutory core, by increasing competition from vocational courses and by the possibility of further changes now proposed for the 16–19 qualification structure. There is also evidence of a growing discontinuity in content and approach between geography at school and in higher education. Threats to geography in schools are likely to have a direct impact on the supply of students to higher education and on the continuity of educational experiences. It is suggested that there needs to be a greater dialogue and joint school/higher education activity not only to ensure continuity and progression in the existing situation, but also to influence the next round of school curriculum change. Some areas for potential action are identified and these may have wider relevance to geography educators in other countries.     

简论“多快好省”方针

"多快好省"社会主义建设方针是中国共产党在对基本国情正确认识的基础上制订的,是兼具一定必要性与可行性的方针,体现了党对社会主义生产领域速度与效益、数量与质量辩证关系和国民经济按比例协调发展的早期认识。这一方针在"一五"计划实施的过程中发挥了一定的历史作用。     

"一个中国":中国共产党对台方针政策不变的原则--写在《反分裂国家法》颁布一周年之际

新中国成立以来,中国共产党的对台方针政策虽然经历了从"解放台湾"到"一纲四目"乃至"一国两制"的演变,但坚持一个中国、维护祖国统一、捍卫国家主权和领土完整,是其不变的原则.中共十六大以来,中共新一代领导集体在坚持原则的同时,寄希望于台湾人民,处理两岸关系更趋务实灵活,进一步加强了其在两岸关系基本格局中的战略主导地位.     

全面推进社会主义事业的1954年

1953年7月,朝鲜停战协定签字,出现了建国以来少有的外部和平环境,中国得以集中精力搞国内建设。9月,过渡时期总路线正式向全国公布,到年底,全国范围的学习和宣传过渡时期总路线的活动大张旗鼓地开展起来。这一切,都为1954年全面推进社会主义事业奠定了重要的基础。机缘巧合的是,1954年又召开了日内瓦会议,给了新中国走向国际社会、展示自己风采的一个宝贵历史契机。内政外交的胜利令毛泽东在1954年留下了“萧瑟秋风今又是,换了人间”的千古绝唱和“我们正在前进。我们正在做我们的前人从来没有做过的极其光荣伟大的事业。我们的目的一定要达到。我们的目的一定能够达到”的无比豪迈的壮语。