近十年明清宗族研究综述

明清时期断代性综合研究以及闽粤、长江中游(鄂湘赣)、江南(江浙皖)、北方(晋冀鲁豫陕)的地域性宗族研究,展示出明清时期宗族组织普及的时间差与区域分布,地域性宗族的特殊性和一般性。最有挑战性的是华北宗族研究,北方宗族形态的特色日渐清晰。受到乡约保甲的深刻影响,明代宗族乡约化,清代宗族受保甲影响出现族正,在闽台地区深入基层社会。宗族研究不应忽略族学、书院等地方文化内容。宗族的形成发展也与移民、开发联系在一起,祖先传说的故事结合地方社会才能深刻理解。解析祖先故事成为宗族研究的重要途径,族谱世系的早期部分也焕发出新的资料价值。田野调查与改变解读史料的方式在宗族研究中十分必要。     

华侨华人民间文献多重价值初探

论文对华侨华人民间文献的定义、种类、特点、价值等方面做了初步的探讨。认为华侨华人民间文献是中国历史文献的重要组成部分,具有世界性、多样性、分散性和延续性的特点,并具有历史凭证价值、学术研究价值、思想教育价值和文化传承等多重研究和利用价值。目前除了侨批、侨乡族谱、公馆档案等进行了有序的收集整理外,绝大多数的华侨华人民间文献散落在私人或非官方组织手上。对华侨华人民间文献进行系统的收集整理和开发利用十分必要。     

杏花文化的侧装双鋬手陶鬲

侧装双手陶鬲是龙山时代分布于太行山脉两侧的杏花文化最具特征的标识性器物。据侧装双手陶鬲的形态变异及其层位关系,可排出其形态的演变序列。侧装双手陶鬲的制作工艺也相应地基本上经历了两个相继发展的阶段:前一阶段是受陶影响而产生的“式鬲”,由分制的鬲足和鬲身整合成全器,因鬲足的接法不同而形成宽弧裆和平裆;后一阶段才是真正意义的鬲,即抛弃鬲身靠鬲足的联接形成全器主体,并形成尖角裆。此型鬲工艺演变表明:工艺革命只是工艺演进的量的积累到一定程度出现的质变。它虽是变革传统,但它的发展速度、方向,又受传统以及传统中的矛盾逻辑地向前展现的轨迹或定式所影响乃至制约。没有革新与革命,就不能打破传统,然而传统确是伴随革新或革命的影子。这在纯粹的工艺中,则仅是惯性或为惰性思维,但工艺却是社会中的工艺,则又不能不涉及社会中不同人们的不同观念乃至利害矛盾以至冲突,甚至激起一部分人站出来捍卫祖法、保持传统的说教与斗争。这种陶鬲的排序,分别适用于岔沟、双务都、乔家沟和游邀、临水与杏花村诸遗址的杏花文化分期或文化阶段划分。这种陶鬲的谱系研究表明,杏花文化是一自具特征、演变清晰、源流有自,并对其周边地区产生了重要文化影响和起了重要作用的考古学文化。     

ANTIQUARIANISM AS GENEALOGY: ARNALDO MOMIGLIANO'S METHOD

This essay uses Arnaldo Momigliano's genealogy of antiquarianism and historiography to propose a new method for engaging the past. Momigliano traced antiquarianism from its advent in ancient Greece and later growth in Rome to its early modern efflorescence, its usurpation by history, and its transformation into anthropology and sociology in late modernity. Antiquarianism performed for Momigliano the work of excavating past archives while infusing historiographical inquiry with a much‐needed dose of contingency. This essay aims to advance our understanding of the mutual imbrications of antiquarian methods with modern conceptions of history, while also suggesting how antiquarianism can generate alternatives to historical inquiry.     

近十年宋辽金元宗族研究综述

宋辽金元宗族研究取得可喜的成果,出版了数部学术水准很高的专著。台湾的宋代宗族研究尤为突出,深入探讨了宗族与科举、婚姻的关系,阐述了宗族在地方社会的作用以及保持强盛的机制。辽金宗族研究也取得了不小进展。宋辽金元宗族的研究,需要将宋辽金元各时期宗族与明清时期的宗族连在一起,注重宗族与社会历史断裂与连续的关系,进行长时段研究。加强地域性宗族研究,开展宋元时期不同地域宗族的比较研究、宋元与明清宗族的比较研究也是必要的。     

文化与创意产业集群的研究谱系和前沿:走向文化生态隐喻?

文章基于文献研究,梳理文化和创意产业集群的研究谱系,指出该领域学术界:①没有将文化和创意产业本体论知识整合到集群分析框架;②对艺术家和创意阶层及其项目生产方式、知识流的空间过程关注十分薄弱;③忽视文化消费和中介因素对创意集群和文化生产的反身性;④比较偏向生产型创意集群的研究、忽视空间型创意集群和消费型文化产业园区和城市空间的研究;⑤在研究方法上相对单一。作者提出通过运用文化生态系统隐喻,进一步展开综合研究的可能性。     

从《味水轩日记》、《六研斋笔记》看李日华绘画史观之转变

明代书画家、收藏家李日华没有象董其昌那样用明晰的语句来概述他对绘画史的整体认识,但从李日华《味水轩日记》、《六研斋笔记》等著作对绘画作品的品鉴中,仍可看到他对绘画史有一个自成体系的把握和理解。本文试图将李日华现存著述、题跋中有关绘画的品鉴和个人认识汇集起来,从而勾勒出李日华的绘画史观念。     

The Codex Mexicanus Genealogy: Binding the Mexica Past and the Colonial Present

Created in late sixteenth-century Mexico City, the Codex Mexicanus is an extensive bound book of miscellaneous contents, including a rare pictorial genealogy of the Tenochca dynastic lineage that traces the family line from its ancient origins to its colonial descendants. The Codex Mexicanus, as a whole, represents an attempt by its patrons and contributors to reconcile the Mexica past and the Christian present, and the inclusion of a genealogy in the larger book suggests that the Mexica royal house was believed to play an important role in this process. By providing a reading of the genealogy and comparing it with others, both native and European, I show that it presents a unique view of the Tenochca royal house that emphasizes its integrity and antiquity and in so doing effectively excludes outsiders who, at the time the codex was being created, were increasingly making claims on Mexica privileges without the proper family connections.     

Pure and impure gestes: the generation of history in Jean d’Outremeuse's Myreur des histors

ABSTRACT

Scholars have long debated the place in medieval historiography of Jean d’Outremeuse's Myreur des histors, a universal history in celebration of Liège written in French around 1399. The abundance of Old French epic material in a chronicle that, according to its author, contained translations of only Latin sources, was once a source of outrage. The Myreur now holds significant interest, however, for its evidence of late medieval narrative strategies. This study demonstrates the Myreur's deliberate adaptation of epic material to glorify Liège. The author reimagines the Carolingian past as a source for future historical narratives by knowingly altering the genealogical framework of the chanson de geste universe. Carrying tales of sexual impurity, he describes the demise of the Carolingian line and transforms figures from epic to function within his linear history. This inventive approach allowed him to create a new hero- and history-generating lineage for his universal history.