Retreat from the Global? European Unity and British Progressive Intellectuals, 1930–1945

Abstract

This article sets out to explain how four British progressive thinkers—G.D.H. Cole, Henry Noel Brailsford, Kingsley Martin and Leonard Woolf—came to believe that European unity, and regional integration more broadly, could provide a solution to the economic and political crisis of the 1930s–1940s. Having become increasingly disenchanted with the League of Nations, these authors maintained that only the abandonment of the principle of absolute sovereignty and the establishment of a supranational framework binding countries with similar political and economic institutions could lay foundations for a lasting peace. In retrospect, their work significantly contributed to a more nuanced understanding of economic factors in IR theory and to shift discourses on Britain as a world power away from the centrality of Empire.     

Minority nationalism and immigrant integration in Canada

Immigrant integration is currently a prominent issue in virtually all contemporary democracies, but countries in which the historic population itself is deeply divided – particularly those with substate nations and multiple political identities – present some interesting questions where integration is concerned. The existence of multiple and potentially competing political identities may complicate the integration process, particularly if the central government and the substate nation promote different conceptions of citizenship and different nation‐building projects. What, then, are the implications of minority nationalism for immigrant integration? Are the added complexities a barrier to integration? Or do overlapping identities generate more points of contact between immigrants and their new home? This article addresses this question by probing immigrant and non‐immigrant ‘sense of belonging’ in Canada, both inside and outside Quebec. Data come from Statistics Canada's Ethnic Diversity Study. Our results suggest that competing nation‐building projects make the integration of newcomers more, rather than less, challenging.     

A PXRF-based chemostratigraphy and provenience system for the Cooper’s Ferry site, Idaho

Correlating archaeological finds with their associated stratigraphic context is elementary to modern excavation methods. Although micro-contextual approaches can provide invaluable perspectives, ascribing primary depositional status and associative context has traditionally been a qualitative exercise. To improve the empirical nature of this process as part of new excavations at the Cooper’s Ferry site in western Idaho, we established a chemostratigraphic framework that enables us to quantitatively relate the elemental geochemistry of sediments associated with artifacts and other samples back to a master lithostratigraphic sequence. We subjected a total of 151 PXRF readings from six lithostratigraphic units to multiple discriminant function analysis, which led to the identification of characteristic elements. To test the site’s chemostratigraphic framework, we collected PXRF readings from an infilled rodent burrow, which visually appeared to contain mixed sediments from multiple lithostratigraphic units. Statistical analysis could not relate the rodent burrow’s sedimentary geochemistry well to any of the known lithostratigraphic units, thus marking it as potentially disturbed. This methodological approach allows us to make quantitative correlations between stratigraphic units across the site and most importantly, enables us to independently evaluate whether objects from any part of the site are in direct association with “anomalous” or “regular” sediments.     

National separation,controlled co-operation: how state-socialist elites communicated economic openings

This article describes how official journalists in the state-socialist dictatorships communicated economic co-operation with the West to the domestic audience. It discusses the hypothesis of West–East transfers causing a structural differentiation of the official spheres of state socialism regarding the issue of European co-operation and integration. Both a legacy of Stalinist narratives and rigid media control hampered a consistent explanation of East–West co-operation. Ultimately, growing ambivalence in the official public sphere undermined the legitimacy of state-socialist rule.     

和谐理念下的慈善功能分析

慈善事业是我国社会保障体系的有机组成部分,和谐社会的构建离不开慈善事业的发展。慈善事业的发展程度是一个社会文明的具体标志。本文认为,在和谐社会构建中,慈善具有公民自我教育、缓和社会矛盾、提升公民意识等价值功能。     

语用含糊的语用成因及功能研究

语用含糊就是交际过程中的交际参与者对意义的表述或者解释不确定的种种现象。语用含糊作为一种语言现象,也是人们在一定的场合用以交际的重要手段和策略,本文从语用角度对语用含糊的成因进行了分析,并对语用含糊的功能进行了探讨和研究。     

谈“树”的文化功能——顾恺之《洛神赋》与砖画《竹林七贤》中“树”的比较

从文化功能学而论顾恺之《洛神赋》中的“树”具有审美的情感表达功能,而砖画《竹林七贤》中的“树”具有祭祀的崇拜功能,二者处于不同的文化功能系统。魏晋南北朝时期绘画中“树”的文化功能的扩展是文人士大夫追求自我价值实现和生命意义的结果。     

Les Pradelles (Marillac-le-Franc, France): A mousterian reindeer hunting camp?

The site of Les Pradelles has an important mousterian stratigraphic sequence. In the lower levels, the very low density of artefacts as well as the carnivores scavenging of carcasses abandoned by the neanderthals point to short-term human occupations; the introduction of finished tools (made on non-local, good quality flint) later highly curated, together with an expedient strategy on strictly local flint, suggest a task-specific location, within a low mobility pattern. The large faunal sample (mainly reindeer) underlines the preponderance of hunting activities. A range of butchering activities took place on the site and the abundance of filleting marks may be an indication of the processing of meat for transport to another settlement. The hypothesis of “specialized hunting” during Middle Palaeolithic is assessed with this new data set.     

增强党的观念强化党员意识发挥党员作用

贯彻党章,发挥党员先锋模范作用,是巩固保持共产党员先进性教育成果的需要,也是巩固党的执政基础和执政地位的根本要求。贯彻党章,必须不断增强党的观念,不断强化党员意识,着力发挥共产党员的先锋模范作用。     

浅议德育价值与高校德育功能

德育的功能在于育德,德育既满足社会的需要,又满足受教育者介体的需要,这便是德育价值的核心所在。高校德育工作在把青年学生培养成建设社会主义现代化所需要的一代新人中发挥着重要功能。