上海私营金融业的联合之路:由联合放款、联合经营到联合管理

1949年5月上海解放后,不同层次的私营金融业在走向公私合营的共同目标中,所需的时间、具体的过程有着较大的区别。上海私营金融业曾两次组织对生产与其他经济事业的联合放款,此外规模较大的银行较早实现了公私合营,而数十家中小行庄公司则通过组成四个联营集团进行多种业务的联合经营并逐步过渡到两个联合总管理处,实现了从业务到人事、财务、组织多种形式的联合管理,最后在条件成熟的时候与大银行共同组成统一的公私合营银行。政府对上海地区数量众多的私营金融机构采取了导向联放、联营和联管的循序渐进的谨慎政策,是符合整个中国金融业历史实际的正确之举,体现了中国私营金融业社会主义改造的历史必然性和复杂性。     

“All Gone Now”: The Material,Discursive and Political Erasure of Bank and Building Society Branches in Britain

Abstract: This paper examines an apparent anomaly that lies at the heart of processes of financial exclusion within Britain. Given that the branch networks of banks and building societies have shrunk in size by about one‐third since 1989, a period during which the Government has launched a wide‐ranging set of policies to tackle financial exclusion, why is it that the issue of branch closure has been neutralised as a political issue? After providing evidence to show the extent of branch closure in Britain and illustrating the ways in which geographical research in particular has drawn attention to the nature of this problem, we look at the way the issue of physical access to financial services has been discursively and politically marginalised. We undertake a detailed history of public policy in the area, and the ways in which research funded by industry bodies and Government departments has been used and framed to build a pro‐market, neoliberal policy programme that constructs branch closures as natural and inevitable.     

统筹配置财政资源 促进青海经济社会又好又快发展

本文从青海实际出发,阐述了如何统筹配置财政资源,发挥财政职能作用,促进经济社会又好又快发展的具体政策和措施。     

青海金融生态环境存在的问题及改进对策

金融生态环境问题日益受到社会的广泛关注。积极推进富裕、文明、和谐新青海建设的进程,必须高度关注金融生态环境．切实解决金融生态环境面临的突出问题,从而以优化的金融生态环境为经济的又好又快发展提供持续支持。     

IS THERE A NEW ‘TRUST’ IN INNER SCANDINAVIA? EVIDENCE FROM CROSS‐BORDER PLANNING AND GOVERNANCE

Inner Scandinavia is one of the Swedish‐Norwegian INTERREG‐A three sub‐programmes, and has been working in operationalizing cross‐border projects in the border area since 1994. To date, several cross‐border strategies have been implemented, one for each programming period of the INTERREG‐A programme. This article investigates whether these strategies can be regarded as a type of cross‐border planning mechanism in promoting territorial development of the border region. It does so by developing a typology, which captures the essentials of spatial planning, against the background of which the article also analyses Inner Scandinavia governance structures, which involves a whole set of interconnected territorial partnerships between five border counties: Hedmark, Østfold, Akershus (Norway), Värmland and Dalarna (Sweden). Here, the main goal is to see if the Inner Scandinavia governance structure, which was recently altered by the inclusion of the Hedmark–Dalarna cross‐border committee, also known as TRUST, is favourable to the implementation of a genuine and long‐term cross‐border spatial plan, with the ultimate goal of reducing the barrier effect and improving the territorial capital along the cross‐border region. Project dokuments and interviews indicate that the existing cross‐border governance model in Inner Scandinavia, led by the INTERREG‐A Steering Committee, produced substantial progresses in reducing the barrier effect, in all its dimensions, and in supporting the territorial development across the border area. Consequently, the role of other cross‐border governance structures should be confined to promoting the active involvement and mobilization of local and regional actors in the cross‐border cooperation process, and in implementing several cross‐border projects with local/regional significance.     

Financialization of hotel corporations in Spain

One of the cutting-edge topics being currently debated in social sciences is the impact of financialization on corporations and on different geographical contexts. Surprisingly enough, there have been very few studies that have explicitly dealt with this issue within tourism studies. In this paper, the issue of financialization within tourism is addressed through an analysis of hotel corporations. Taking a case-study approach, it is argued that Spanish hotel chains are increasingly becoming financialized since a minimization of the impact of global financial crisis on these corporations is urgently required. The argument is not that hotel corporations’ financialization is necessarily new, but rather that the impact of the global financial crisis has led to an intensification of this very process. Taking as case studies the three largest Spanish hotel corporations (Meliá Hotels International, NH Hoteles and Grupo Barceló), the current crisis-led hotel financialization is dealt through four interrelated spheres: (1) built environment (hotel buildings property becoming controlled by financial funds), (2) actors (emergence of new agents as a result of hotel corporations intertwining with financial corporations), (3) hotel profit extraction (reliance on the secondary circuit of capital), (4) financial engineering instruments (forms of fictitious capital that are new in the context of hotel corporations). The article shows how the process of financialization of hotel corporations illustrates broad trends of both financialization and capital accumulation. Specifically, the main findings are on one hand, that financialization not only fixes capital on the ground, but also creates liquidity. On the other hand, that the selling of property titles is an increasing profit niche with differentiated geographical locations. The last significant finding is that financialization helps to improve profitability of non-financia corporations such as hotel chains.     

抗战时期国民政府的侨汇管控及其成效

本文以美国斯坦福大学胡佛研究院档案馆藏蒋介石日记、台湾"国史馆"藏蒋介石档案和外交部档案、广东省档案馆藏财政厅档案、中国第二历史档案馆和重庆档案馆编四联总处史料集、民国报刊杂志等原始史料为依据,考察了国民政府管控侨汇的机构、政策、流向变迁历程及其成效。认为战时侨汇是外汇的重要组成部分,是国家金融抗战和军事国防联动布局的关键物资,国民政府对侨汇管控有其金融抗战和国防战略部署的双重需要。抗战时期国民政府的侨汇管控存在着复杂的政策调整和隶属机构的变迁,这些措施增加了海外侨汇流入祖国。四联总处、财政部、中国银行和中央银行对战时侨汇管控做出重要贡献。文中1940—1945年度中国银行经收美元和英镑外币侨汇数额的统计图,填补了战时侨汇本币和外币统计数据欠缺的空白。     

治理模式分异对旅游地发展的影响机制研究——阳朔遇龙河景区个案分析

如何实现有效治理是旅游目的地可持续发展中的重要议题。以阳朔遇龙河景区为个案,归纳其治理模式空间分异的类型与特征,解读不同模式对旅游发展的影响效应,发现：①村企共治模式中,各治理主体形成互助依赖的伙伴关系,资本互补、信任互惠、层级协同、信息对称、相互监督,能够兼顾效益、秩序与公平,游客满意度最高,呈现良性可持续发展态势;②社区主导模式中,治理主体权力失衡、信息不对称、短期工具理性、监管机制难以发挥持续实效,导致旅游秩序最差,游客满意度最低,不利于长远可持续发展;③政府主导模式中,政府公司治理能力不足,缺乏有效激励机制,导致商业效益较差,未能实现资源最优配置。     

国外金融排斥研究进展评述——基于金融地理学视角

20世纪90年代以来,金融排斥逐渐问题引起金融地理学家们的广泛关注。本文通过梳理国外相关文献,对金融排斥的概念界定及相关理论、金融排斥的现象、影响因素、结果与对策等方面进行了阐述。总体上,对金融排斥概念界定有所拓展;对金融排斥现象的分析逐步由"接触性"和"使用性"排斥研究向综合排斥研究方向发展;并从金融供给的地理排斥、金融需求的社会经济排斥以及社会环境因素排斥等多维视角阐释了"为什么被排斥";最后对金融排斥易导致的金融公平缺失、贫困加剧以及区域经济差异扩大等许多社会、经济问题及对策进行了探讨。在此基础上,总结了国外金融排斥研究趋势,并指出中国金融排斥的研究应加强对排斥的不同群体、不同空间尺度与空间演化等方面的研究。