Inferring attitudes from behavior

Abstract

The Middle East has long been a conflict zone; the Palestinian-Israeli conflict has been a persistent factor for decades, and there have been wars over natural resources, ideological causes, and national or religious cleavages as well. How does a historian begin to compile a documentary record of such a struggle? At the beginning of my research stay in the Middle East in 2007, I decided to keep a diary about my experiences and assessments in the field. In this article, I recount and reflect about those experiences in order to propose potential solutions to the problem of on-site research in unstable areas. While field research generally requires a particular kind of preparation, and always faces obstacles and challenges, the success of fieldwork under difficult and hostile research settings is dependent on the skills of the researcher, and his or her ability and preparedness for the problems the nature of the research inevitably will bring forward.     

Henry Pelham's Lost Grand Jury Map of Kerry (c.1800): A Newly Found Derivative

The ‘South Division of the County of Kerry’ (GSI FS 1.2.001) is a copy of the southern half of a lost late eighteenth / early nineteenth century map of County Kerry, in southwestern Ireland. Geological annotations on the map are traced to specific episodes (c.1820, 1838 and 1844) in the unofficial geological survey of Ireland conducted by Richard (later Sir Richard) Griffith between 1811 and 1855. The Griffith provenance of the map is part of the evidence used to identify the ‘South Division of the County of Kerry’ as a derivative of the now lost Grand Jury map of Kerry made by the American émigré artist and cartographer Henry Pelham.     

Gender Equality and Decent Work in Australia

In 1998 the International Labour Organization (ILO) advanced the notion of ‘decent work’ as a way to enhance opportunities for women and men to obtain productive work in conditions of freedom, equality, security and human dignity. This concept is now both salient and contested in national and international policy debates. In a 2008–09 campaign, the ILO asserted that ‘gender equality [is] at the heart of decent work’. This article examines appeals to decent work in Australian parliamentary discourse and proposes how best to make use of the concept. It argues that gender equality is fundamental to decent work.

1998年世界劳工组织提出了“体面工作”的概念以促进男女在自由、平等、安全和尊严的条件下从事有益的工作。这个概念在国家和国际的政策辩论中都占有显要的位置。国际劳工组织在2008、2009年的活动中,强调性别平等位居体面工作的核心。本文考察了澳大利亚议会的相关言论,并对使用好这个概念有所建议。作者认为性别平等是体面工作的基础。     

延安市农民收入可持续增长机制探析

近年来,延安市农民人均纯收入一直低于全国平均水平,城乡居民收入差距也不断扩大。为改变这一局面,延安市政府实施了生态移民工程,进行了农业产业结构调整。这些措施在一定程度上改善了农民的生活水平,但是,制约农民收入增长的根本性障碍仍然存在。只有促进高附加值农业的可持续发展、鼓励农村剩余劳动力的外出就业和使农村非农产业实现较快发展,才能建立起农民收入的可持续增长机制。     

改革开放以来党的民族干部工作回顾

民族干部工作历来是党的民族政策和民族工作的重要组成部分。建国以来尤其是党的十一届三中全会以后 ,随着民族工作各项法律、法规的建立、健全和贯彻落实 ,党的民族干部工作也同时步入了一个全新的发展时期。本文着重从改革开放以来民族干部工作中的队伍状况、教育培训、挂职锻炼、干部使用等四个方面进行论述 ,以着力展现新时期党的民族干部工作的基本轮廓。     

关于改进和完善政府实施小额信贷扶贫管理体制的研究报告

政府实施的小额信贷扶贫 ,是借鉴国际经验又结合中国实际加以改造而形成的一种资金和服务同时到户的扶贫方式。很好的解决了扶贫资金长期存在的到户难和还贷率低的问题 ,广大农村干部和群众普遍认为 ,在扶贫到户上目前还没有比小额信贷更好的方法 ,应当继续推广实施。针对现行管理体制上的问题 ,作者提出了五条改进和完善现行管理体制的建议。     

顾客期望管理及其对旅行社员工认同感、胜任感、责任感的影响——以广州为例

本文从员工角度对广州两家大型旅行社的顾客期望管理措施进行调查,通过实证研究的方式深入分析顾客期望管理的构成因素,并在此基础上探讨了顾客期望管理措施对员工的企业认同感、工作胜任感、工作责任感的影响。研究结果表明：顾客期望管理由评估与分析顾客需求、培训和激励员工、给予顾客正确期望等3个因子构成;顾客期望管理措施对员工的企业认同感、工作胜任感、工作责任感有显著的影响。     

山西省转型期旅游场强时空异质性特征及机制

以山西省转型期旅游发展为例,选取2005、2011和2017年17项指标构建城市旅游发展综合实力评价体系,基于改进场强模型,借助GIS技术和地理探测器模型,分析旅游场强时空异质性特征及演变机制。结果表明:(1)旅游场强高值区范围扩大、逐步形成叶脉状网络空间形态,突破了早期"人"形格局限制;(2)各地市旅游场强前期整体上升,后期集中在大西高铁沿线,城市绝对差异增加,高级别场强类型主要以太原市为中心向边缘扩散演替;(3)旅游场强空间格局演变具有时序性特征,主导因子经历了二元、三元主导和多元共同作用阶段,对于旅游产业后发省份构建区域旅游场强空间格局具有借鉴和指导意义。     

Post-industrial division of labour as a systemic barrier for immigrants in the Swedish labour market

Differences in labour force participation and unemployment rates between indigenous populations and immigrants are common throughout Europe, but the gap seems to be particularly wide in Sweden. Based on studies of workplaces that traditionally employed large numbers of immigrants, but where they are now declining, it is argued that a driving force behind this process of exclusion is to be found in technological and organisational changes. These changes seem to be more pervasive in the Swedish labour market than in other economies in Europe. What is sometimes called the ‘Swedish model of working life’ has turned into the systemic exclusion of immigrant labour.     

Tacit differences,ethnicity and neoliberalism: Polish migrant mothers in German cities

This article presents an inquiry into which tacit differences are relevant for how people make sense of encounters with others in urban settings, and how, if at all, they are translated into ethnic categories understood as ‘basic operators’ in everyday life. Drawing from our interviews with twenty Polish mothers living in Berlin and Munich, we argue that what our research participants distinguish as ‘typically Polish’ or ‘typically German’ is not necessarily connected to some ethnically specific ways of working or mothering, but, rather, significantly structured by locally specific forms of neoliberalism. By asking what kind of difference becomes understood as ethnic difference and how this process of demarcation occurs, this article adds to the strand of intersectional approaches that theorise the notion of difference, recognise heterogeneity of individual categories and render them suspect.