‘It was a bit like the passover’: recollections of family mealtimes during twentieth century Irish childhoods

The article presents an in-depth qualitative analysis of experiences of childhood mealtimes amongst three cohorts of Irish people in different historical periods during the twentieth century. By analysing family mealtimes during respondents' childhoods, the article sheds light on change and continuity to family practices throughout twentieth century Ireland. The analysis shows that patterns of family eating respond to changes in the economy and employment patterns, technological innovation, as well as to shifting family arrangements and structures. But the popular idea that the family meal is in terminal decline is disputed: tendencies towards fragmentation of family mealtimes often meet counter-tendencies. These accounts are important as they problematize normative assumptions about the pivotal role shared family meals play in supporting family life.     

基于家庭的广州市入室盗窃的特征分析

家庭是社会的细胞,以犯罪地理学的理论和方法作为依据,从家庭的视角研究入室盗窃的特征及其影响因素。选取广州市18个社区作为案例,以1332个家庭的问卷调查作为数据基础,分别分析不同类型家庭遭遇入室盗窃的频次特征。结果表明:不同类型家庭在遭遇入室盗窃的频次方面存在明显的差异,邻里之间是否愿意帮忙、是否是本地家庭、居住条件和家庭收入等因素都会对入室盗窃发生的频次产生影响。在此基础上把影响入室盗窃的影响因素划分为根本因素和非根本因素两大类,并分析了两类因素对入室盗窃的影响特征。     

Generational transformation of Chinese families: A survey of the Republic period

Family division is the way of reproduction of Chinese families and the starting point of building new families. Reasons of family division in the Republic of China include bad terms among sisters-in-law, among brothers, between father and sons, between mother-in-law and daughters-in-law, or working outside. There are three patterns of family division: one-time thorough division, serial division, and special types of division. The circumstances of family division include: inheritance while parents are alive or after their death; equal inheritance among brothers hosted by their uncle (mother’s brother), inheritance rights attributed to the eldest son or grandson, and special principles of property distribution. The rite of family division is quite solemn; documents of family division definitely need to be made with specific regulations. There are three ways of supporting for the eldly, among which leaving some land to parents is popularly adopted in rural China during the Republic period. Translated into English by Luo Hui     

《嘉禾吏民田家莂》中的田家姓名问题

“田家莂”简共计田家人名近2000个,且全是单名,其中有很多同姓同名者。田家单名问题实际上涉及两汉三国时期起名趣向的演变,而与书写便利与否无关。简中的同丘、同姓同名、同性别者,无论其身份是否相同.都存在属于不同人物的情况。此外,当时长沙郡民有一些反映历史时代特征、社会生活状况以及周围生态环境的起名趣向.还有一些田家人名则蕴含着有关道教、避讳等方面的某些信息。     

湖南望城风篷岭一号汉墓的年代与墓主

风篷岭M1是近年来长沙地区所发掘的最为重要的大型汉墓。本文以考古资料为基础,侧重从历史学角度对该墓的墓主身份、墓葬年代及相关问题进行探讨,认为该墓下葬年代当在西汉元、成帝之际,其上限为墓中出土铭文所云之长沙元年。此长沙元年当是孝王刘宗元年,即元帝初元三年(前46年)或四年(前45年)。墓主张姬最有可能是孝王刘宗之王后,且与长汤M1墓主张端君可能均出自富平侯张安世家族。     

THE INTERSECTIONS OF GENDER AND GENERATION IN ALBANIAN MIGRATION, REMITTANCES AND TRANSNATIONAL CARE

The Albanian case represents the most dramatic instance of post-communist migration: about one million Albanians, a quarter of the country's total population, are now living abroad, most of them in Greece and Italy, with the UK becoming increasingly popular since the late 1990s. This paper draws on three research projects based on fieldwork in Italy, Greece, the UK and Albania. These projects have involved in-depth interviews with Albanian migrants in several cities, as well as with migrant-sending households in different parts of Albania. In this paper we draw out those findings which shed light on the intersections of gender and generations in three aspects of the migration process: the emigration itself, the sending and receiving of remittances, and the care of family members (mainly the migrants' elderly parents) who remain in Albania. Theoretically, we draw on the notion of 'gendered geographies of power' and on how spatial change and separation through migration reshapes gender and generational relations. We find that, at all stages of the migration, Albanian migrants are faced with conflicting and confusing models of gender, behavioural and generational norms, as well as unresolved questions about their legal status and the likely economic, social and political developments in Albania, which make their future life plans uncertain. Legal barriers often prevent migrants and their families from enjoying the kinds of transnational family lives they would like.     

辽代世家大族的军事势力

辽王朝在中国历史上以"用武立国"而著称,作为主要的军事支柱,世家大族的军事势力引人注目.其具体表现一是其强盛的私兵势力,这与世家大族广泛占有奴隶是相适应的;二是由于世代统兵所形成的军事权力和军事影响,这则是由辽朝的军事用人制度所决定的.     

高风险家庭之青少年休闲阻碍研究——以台湾花莲县秀林国中慈辉班学生为例

青少年时期的休闲经验与阻碍,对于个体的休闲态度与行为有着极大的影响。本研究以台湾花莲县秀林国中慈辉班110位学生为对象,经由休闲阻碍量表的测量,得知高风险家庭之青少年休闲阻碍相当显著,首推为人际间阻碍,其次为结构性阻碍,显示家庭压力与环境成为了影响休闲的关键因素。故政府应提供更多元的家庭辅助,建构良好且安全的休闲环境,以帮助高风险家庭青少年建立正确的休闲观念。     

Agrarian restructuring and gender – designing family farms in Central and Eastern Europe

This article attempts to describe the gender dimensions and aspects of agrarian transition/transformation in post-socialist countries of Central and Eastern Europe with a focus on family farms. This farming model is characterised by a conflation of labour, land, capital, management and human bonding and was promoted by the privatisation policy of post-socialist restructuring. Several problems of the new family farms are looked at with a gender perspective, singling out ideological, social and economic parameters.     

农村劳动力外出就业对个人、家庭及农村社会的影响探析

农村劳动力外出就业给农民个人、家庭和农村社区带来了一系列显性的和隐性的影响,这些影响对农民群体和整个社会都是不容忽视的。