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31.
Marta Korenska Monika Manychova Lubos Pazdera Karel Pospisil 《International Journal of Architectural Heritage》2016,10(1):1-8
The Charles Bridge is the oldest, still-standing gothic bridge that crosses the Vltava River in Prague and up to now has belonged among the most sought-after historical monuments in the Czech Republic. The bridge has been repeatedly damaged due to floods and has been repaired several times. In the reconstructions, damaged sandstone blocks were substituted in facing. This experimental study focused on nonlinear ultrasonic spectroscopy for testing stone blocks that were extracted from the historical bridge structure. The objective of these experiments was verifying whether the methods can be applied to evaluating the internal structure of blocks, which are built-in in the structure in situ. Intact-structure blocks, blocks that had been repaired in the past, and damaged-structure blocks were measured. Two methods of nonlinear ultrasonic spectroscopy were applied—the method with single harmonic ultrasonic signal and with two harmonic ultrasonic signals. Measurement results of both applied methods proved resulting parameters correlation with block structure integrity quality. 相似文献
32.
AbstractThe way visitors to a new city wayfind in the digital era has been given less research attention than might be expected. The main aim of this study is to examine differences in wayfinding strategies between three groups of participants who used different navigational aids: a group with a paper map, a group with the Google Maps app, and a group relying on local signage only. Methods included GPS tracking, and voice recording of decision-making using the think-aloud method. 38 participants who had never visited Brisbane, Australia, were recruited and placed in one of the three groups. They undertook a two-hour pedestrian wayfinding task and other research activities in the city centre. The results show there are significant differences in wayfinding strategies used by the three groups of participants. The GPS group preferred to follow the suggested route by their navigator, most of them ‘locking in’ as digital navigators throughout the task. By contrast, the local-signage-only group used a diverse range of strategies to wayfind. Local-signage-only and paper map users tried to locate their position in the city by using piloting or path integration strategies, the GPS group just passively followed the guidance line showed by their device. On completion of the task the digital navigators recognized less spatial information. Surprisingly, the digital navigators did not feel less anxious compared with the two other groups. Urban planners and designers may need to re-think their design strategies to interrupt digital navigation. The provision of a more diverse set of digital navigation options, rather than just shortest-path route identification, is likely desirable to assist navigators who wish to experience more on their pedestrian journeys. 相似文献
33.
Societies are unequal and unjust to varying degrees and heritage practitioners unavoidably work with, perpetuate and have the potential to change these inequalities. This article proposes a new framework for undertaking heritage research that can be applied widely and purposefully to achieve social justice, and which we refer to as action heritage. Our primary sources are semi-structured conversations we held with some of the participants in three heritage projects in South Yorkshire, UK: members of a hostel for homeless young people, a primary school, and a local history group. We examine ‘disruptions’ in the projects to understand the repositioning of the participants as researchers. The disruptions include introducing a scrapbook for personal stories in the homeless youth project and giving the school children opportunities to excavate alongside professional archaeologists. These disruptions reveal material and social inequalities through perceptible changes in how the projects were oriented and how the participants thought about the research. We draw on this empirical research and theorisations of social justice to develop a new framework for undertaking co-produced research. Action heritage is ‘undisciplinary’ research that privileges process over outcomes, and which achieves parity of participation between academic and community-based researchers through sustained recognition and redistribution. 相似文献
34.
Victoria Stead 《Postcolonial Studies》2017,20(1):68-85
On the 23 July 2009, in a ceremony at the Bomana War Cemetery near Papua New Guinea’s capital city Port Moresby, 86-year-old Wesley Akove was awarded the first of a series of ‘Fuzzy Wuzzy Angel commemorative medallions’ given by the Australian government to PNG civilians who had assisted Australian troops during the Second World War. If the awarding of Mr Akove’s medallion is in many ways an archetypal enactment of the ‘politics of recognition’, consideration of three other instances of encounter between Orokaiva people in PNG’s Oro Province and Australian colonial forces disrupt the Fuzzy Wuzzy Angel trope on which this recognition ritual hinges. These encounters include the wartime executions of Orokaiva men by Australian forces, recent protests by landowners along the Kokoda Track and the murder of two European gold miners at the beginning of the twentieth century by Orokaiva warriors. Considered together, narratives about these encounters speak to an asymmetrical field of power in which Australia acts to control the terms and temporalities of the recognition it offers to wartime carriers and their descendants, enacting particular, contingent forms of relationality in ways that reproduce colonial hierarchies. 相似文献
35.
伪满洲国成立后,日本一直设法迫使中国在事实上承认东北的傀儡政权,国民政府对此拒绝让步。《塘沽协定》的缔结,使伪满洲国和华北之间出现了所谓的缓冲区,国民政府极力淡化这一协定的政治性。山海关内外的通车、通邮谈判过程中,中日双方围绕伪满洲国的承认问题,出现了尖锐对立,日方并未达到目的。1935年以后,日本还是不断提出承认伪满的议题。蒋介石为代表的国民党又做出了让步,冻结东北问题：虽然不承认伪满,但也不谈收复东北,这种状况一直持续到1943年《开罗宣言》的发表。 相似文献
36.
隐喻认知与英汉文化差异 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
隐喻是用一种事物来理解和体验另外一种事物的方式,是人们赖以生存的一种语言现象和认知模式。它受社会文化背景影响,表现出明显的文化特征。隐喻是理解认知能力的唯一方法,也是语言理解和语言习得中不可缺少的工具。了解英汉语言中隐喻的不同特点,对于在跨文化交际中语言的学习将起到积极的作用。 相似文献
37.
张立莹 《文物保护与考古科学》2023,35(3):112-118
秦始皇帝陵兵马俑自发现以来一直是学者们研究的热点,许多专家都做过秦俑面部特征的定性研究,但缺少定量论据。利用人脸识别技术对秦俑面部特征做定量分析,分析过程包括图像预处理、面部检测筛选、面部特征提取、面部特征向量表示、面部特征向量相似度计算、面部特征向量相似度分析等。通过单个秦俑面部相似度Top-N直观分析秦俑面部特征;通过热力图分析多个秦俑面部相似度,发现10个“特征鲜明”的秦俑及10个“大众脸”的秦俑;用直方图可视化秦俑面部相似度分布,揭示了秦俑面部相似度符合正态分布的规律。人脸识别技术为秦俑研究提供了一种定量分析思路,相关思路可以用于秦俑五官单特征、服饰纹理等分析,也为更大规模秦俑面部特征定量分析奠定了技术基础。 相似文献
38.
为研究中国传统木构建筑的结构构件重要性排序问题,以江浙地区抬梁式和穿斗式两种典型的传统民居木结构类型为研究对象,基于能量方法采用构件属性改变后对结构整体应变能的单位体积改变率作为构件重要性的评价指标,运用有限元软件Ansys(16.0)开发了基于生死单元法和改变弹性模量法的构件重要性评价程序。分析结果表明,改变弹性模量法更适用于中国传统木构建筑的结构构件重要性分析。通过对抬梁式和穿斗式的单榀框架和整体框架在竖向荷载、水平地震荷载两种工况下的结构构件重要性的计算分析,得到了构件的重要性系数和排序,并提取出了抬梁式和穿斗式传统木构的关键构件。研究结果可以为确定传统木构建筑遗产在修缮施工、维护以及结构健康监测过程中需要重点关注的构件提供科学合理的理论依据。 相似文献
39.
Elastic dynamic earth pressures induced by earthquakes are computed by analyzing a wall-foundation-backfill system. Both foundation and backfill are considered viscoelastic; the foundation is a semi-infinite space and the backfill, a uniform layer of constant thickness. A simple analytical solution is developed by assuming an approximate backfill-foundation interface condition and adopting the least squares method. The response functions computed indicate the large influence of the various system parameters on earth pressure, including the foundation characteristics,as well as wall geometry and mass. The transient response of the system is also studied by obtaining spectra for base shear. A large number of seismic records are analyzed to obtain average spectra and a total of three correction functions are used to take into account the foundation stiffness and density as well as wall inertia. A simple design method is proposed to estimate the maximum base shear. 相似文献
40.
DANIEL P. ABRAMS 《Journal of Earthquake Engineering》2013,17(1):257-273
Abstract A summary of dynamic measurements are presented that illustrate relations between linear seismic demand and true nonlinear response of unreinforced masonry buildings with flexible diaphragms and rocking piers subjected to a series of simulated earthquake motions. 相似文献