旅游从业者对旅游环境认知水平的典范对应分析

研究旅游从业者对旅游环境的认知水平与其自身属性特征的关系,有益于景区旅游活动的管理。本文在利用双向指示种分析方法（Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis,TWINSPAN）对旅游从业者进行划分的基础上。利用典范对应分析（Canonical CoHespondence Analysis,CCA）研究了旅游从业者对旅游环境的认知水平。结果表明：TWINSPAN将所有样本分为积极开发型、次积极开发型、偶尔保护型、积极协调型和严格保护型。CCA第一轴主要反映工作属性、收入来源结构和文化程度的变化,第二轴主要反映文化程度和性别的变化。其中,表征旅游环境认知水平的关键性指标在很大程度上决定着样本类型的分布格局。CCA排序图能更直观地反映样本类型与其属性特征之间的关系,但是具有明显的“弓形效应”。     

生态旅游在中国：研究回顾与本质回归

利用文献法对中国生态旅游的研究历程进行回顾与反思,指出存在的概念、方法和功效问题,并对生态旅游系统的核心予以理论梳理,认为统筹生物多样性和旅游生产力、实施平衡管理是中国生态旅游健康发展的必然选择,生态旅游研究需要强调科学性,重视形态——功能关系分析,探索和发展实地观察方法和实验方法。     

基于人地关系的生态旅游地域系统演变定量分析

本研究通过建立人类活动无序度和生态环境承载力评价指标体系和模型,用简化系统结构关系的方法测算生态旅游地域系统熵值,以此来分析生态旅游地域系统的功能状况;生态旅游地域系统中人类活动主要是旅游者的旅游活动、当地社区和居民的活动和当地旅游业活动三个方面,构建了27个具体指标来评价人类活动的无序度;生态环境承载力主要通过自然基础、生态系统、水资源和大气环境四个方面共8个具体指标来测算。最后通过生态旅游地域系统熵变即两个不同时刻人类活动无序度熵变和生态环境承载力熵变差值,来判断生态旅游地域系统在时间断面上的演变方向和可持续发展能力。     

A REGIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR PLANNING ECOTOURISM IN SASKATCHEWAN

An analysis of opportunities and constraints reveals potential for a limited ecotourism sector in Saskatchewan dominated by an intraprovincial market. A framework is proposed which augments the existing inventory of individual ecotourism sites by taking into consideration the variable spatial context within which these sites occur. Encompassing the entire province are five zones, progressing according to the degree of environmental modification through the Urban, Agricultural Heartland, Agricultural Frontier, Resource Frontier, and Wilderness. Each zone is characterized by distinctive configurations of ecotourism space, as well as economic status, participants, constraints, and opportunities.
Une analyse des avantages et des contraintes démontre le potentiel d'un secteur ecotouristique limité en Saskatchewan oú le marche interprovincial joue le rôle principal. Le cadre proposé augmenterait l'inventaire existant de sites individuels écotouristiques en tenant compte du contexte spatial variable dans lequel se trouvent ces sites. La province est divisee en cinq zones selon le niveau de transformation environnementale: une zone urbaine, une zone centrale agricole, une zone de developpement agricole recente, une zone nouvelle de dé veloppement des ressources et une zone sauvage. Chaque zone se caractérise par des configurations différentes d'espaces ecotouristiques aussi bien que par un statut economique, des participants, des contraintes et des possibilites differents.     

Demolition of Chengzhongcun and social mobility of Migrant youth: a case study in Beijing

ABSTRACT

Since the late 1980s, millions of poor and low-income rural migrant workers migrating to Chinese metropolises with their children have congregated in chengzhongcun (villages in the city) for low-cost housing. Drawing on data from a 14-month participant observation in one chengzhongcun in Beijing, we critically explore the potential impact of urban expansion on social mobility of migrant youth. We argue that the uncertainty and chaos connected with looming demolition result in substandard schooling and business closures for migrant parents, leading to the stagnant mobility of migrant youth. Expanding the social hierarchy pyramids, we argue that eliminating chengzhongcun, a space that creates the possibility of climbing the social ladder, hampers the social mobility of migrant youth in the context of the rigid class structure in the late-socialist China. This research re-examines the goals of the demolition of chengzhongcun and advances our understanding by analyzing the prospects of disadvantaged migrant youth during and after the demolition process.     

区域旅游业发展中目的地居民参与问题研究

近年来,随着我国旅游资源开发投资主体的日益多元化,旅游目的地居民与投资商、政府之间的关系变得更加复杂化。如何在新的一轮旅游资源开发中更多地考虑目的地居民的利益,并保证区域旅游业的可持续发展,已显得十分迫切。文章认为,积极引导目的地居民充分而合理地参与区域旅游业发展是实现上述目标的关键。文章从经济、社会和资源保护三个方面分析了区域旅游业发展中目的地居民参与的必要性,提出了目的地居民参与区域旅游业发展的三个层次,对目的地居民更好参与区域旅游业发展的机制系统进行了初步构建。     

Doreen Finneron and Adam Dinham (eds.), Building on Faith: Faith Buildings in Neighbourhood Renewal

Abstract

This article responds to Adam Kotsko's counter-positioning of Thomist-Milbankian hierarchy on the one hand and Deleuzian-Surinian univocity on the other as competing visions for an ontologically grounded universal socialism. Pointing to Milbank's declaration that it would be "ridiculous" to debate Christianity's universality, Rubenstein raises suspicion about the ethical and political value of universality as such. Ultimately, she points to Jean-Luc Nancy's notion of "sharing" as a means of relating existents that neither reconsolidates a static hierarchy nor abolishes transcendence. Rather, sharing "shares beings out," clearing a space for genuine debate among those who are essentially different.     

Bombs,Cities, and Submarines: Allied Bombing of the French Ports, 1942–1943

The hierarchical ordering of diplomats, and of the princes they represented, was a hallmark of early-modern diplomacy and caused endless conflicts. France and Spain in particular argued continuously over precedence, both claiming to outrank the other. Rather than reconstructing specific squabbles over ceremonial or offering general explanations for precedence issues in early-modern diplomacy, this article focuses on the reasons why both the French and Spanish monarchs felt they were the worthiest king in Christendom by reconstructing the debate between their publicists between 1564 and 1610. The focus on the characteristics of each prince or kingdom that - according to them, at least - entitled them to a position of honor, will allow us to analyze the nature of the international hierarchy under construction. This debate shows that the arguments employed were closely connected to ideas on kingship in both monarchies, so that one can say precedence was fought as much between states and dynasties as between concepts of kingship.     

Hubert Humphrey and Political Science

Abstract

This study argues that Aquinas’ account of tyranny grants citizens a surprisingly wide ambit for resistance to tyrants but that such actions demand a tall order for even the most virtuous citizens: knowledge of the hierarchy of ends in politics and the prudence to apply it under the pressure of a tyrannical government. We consider sections of the Summa Theologiae and De Regno, Aquinas’ most sustained discussion of tyranny, to demonstrate the theoretical illumination that the former provides of the latter. De Regno, we argue, presents a negative teaching of the best regime and citizen, one in which citizens are shown the need for their own virtue in discerning the roots of tyranny and their remedy. With the Summa, we show how such prudential decisions fit within the orders of charity and piety: the citizen must come to see love of country as intrinsically ordered to love of family and God. Ultimately, Aquinas’ resistance theory rests on a hierarchy of ends for civil government that orders both ruler and citizen to God.     

基于Kernel密度解释的江苏省城市规模结构演化研究

城市规模结构研究可以反映城市在不同规模等级中的分布状况及城市人口集聚或分散程度,有助于认识城市体系发展所处的阶段以及该区域城市化进程的特征。研究运用Kernel城市空间密度分析方法,直观的反映了江苏省城市规模分布格局的连续变化。分别从城市体系的空间格局、城镇密集带的结构变化和长三角城市群城镇网络构建等视角对城市规模结构进行探讨,指出全省城市规模空间分布的Kernel密度在整体上具有西高东低、南密北疏的态势;城市体系的空间模式由最初的核心-边缘结构,逐渐向点-轴-面结构演化;南京都市圈的进一步延伸,将促进长三角多核心巨型城市网络向更大地域范围拓展。由此提出全省在不断优化城市体系的同时,需要更加注重大中城市及小城镇协调发展机制的建设,加强对苏中、苏北地区城市人口规模的扩张和城市规模布局的均衡,建立具备完整城市功能的网络城市发展模式,以更好的促进区域一体化发展。