经济增长与产业结构调整下的陕西省生态压力研究

基于生态文明建设的理念,利用生态足迹的理论和方法,分析陕西省1978-2006年的经济增长、产业结构调整与生态压力变化的关系。对6个反映经济增长和产业结构调整的指标进行因子分析,根据其载荷的大小确定了经济增长和产业结构两个因子,并据此分析陕西省经济增长与产业结构调整下的生态压力的演变特征。结果显示:经济增长对生态压力的影响要大于产业结构调整的影响,经济增长使区域生态压力增大,而产业结构的调整对生态压力的变化有一定的调节作用,减缓了经济增长对生态环境的压力。     

新建博物馆的文物保护

新建博物馆在更好地发挥其社会功能的同时,应该正确处理建筑与保护、陈列与保护的关系,既要考虑到建筑的恢弘、典雅,又要考虑到建筑环境、结构、材料等因素对物的影响;对陈列的物既要满足观众对物观赏的要求,又要考虑如何降低光、温、湿度、有害气体对物的破坏作用。     

石质文物表面憎水性化学保护的副作用研究

根据最小干预和不影响文物原貌的原则,使用表面化学防护和化学加固等保护材料被认为是保护石质文物的有效方法。目前,已试用于石质文物表面保护的化学材料主要是有机硅等有机化合物。这些有机材料能起到一定的防水和加固作用,但是也潜在不少问题,一些可能的危害目前还没有引起人们足够的重视。本工作以通用有机硅类防水加固剂为表面保护材料,以砂岩、凝灰岩、白云岩、大理岩和花岗岩为保护对象,模拟各种破坏因素,包括干湿循环、盐结晶、冻融和加热等的作用和联合作用,研究了表面化学处理后岩石样品在模拟环境中的变化情况,发现破坏现象严重。其中,化学保护剂在石材表层产生的亲水/憎水界面导致石材受某些应力的加速破坏是重要原因。上述研究结果提示,在石质文物的保护中应慎重使用憎水性表面化学保护剂。     

自然风景区控制性规划初探--以山里泉旅游景区为例

论文以山西省泽州县山里泉旅游景区为例,论述了景区控制性详细规划的理念和方法。介绍了规划界限、规划红线的调整、建筑和环境融合的控制、山水景观的创造、环境容量的预测及规划成果的调整等内容,较为妥善地处理了自然风景区开发与山水保护利用之间的关系,建构了人与山水的和谐关系。旨在通过它,探讨在旅游景区的控制性详细规划中如何因地制宜的保护和创造山水景观特色,丰富和完善控规的理论和方法。     

清代以来内蒙古地区的移民开垦及其对生态环境的影响

在清朝建立以前,内蒙古地区就已经有了少量内地汉民迁入垦殖。清朝以来,内地民人大规模迁入蒙地垦殖,其粗放的经营方式和无序的活动,对内蒙古地区的生态环境产生了严重的影响。     

影响现阶段我国国家利益建构的因素

在影响中国国家利益建构的各种变量中，国内环境所面临的机遇与挑战起着基础性的作用，其它变量的作用都要经过这一环节；国际环境与国际机制构成中国国家利益建构的舞台与背景；中国国际地位的提高及其对自己的定位则是中国国家利益建构中的内在因素和主观因素。     

Ecological grief generates desire for environmental healing in tourism after COVID-19

Abstract

Tourism research is starting to take interest in the psychology of environmental distress, particularly as it relates to climate change. For both the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 and the climate change movement that dominated international media in 2019, psychological parallels exist in terms of our experience of loss. As the world grapples with the pandemic and tourism grinds to a halt, stories on social media are surfacing that claim wildlife is returning to quarantined cities and that the Earth is healing itself. Much of the implicit critique of these stories is directed at the tourism industry, with two viral posts in particular supposedly documenting the ‘rewilding’ of Venice, that infamous icon of overtourism. While the popular media have been concerned primarily with the factual accuracy of these claims, what has gone largely unexplored is the apparent desire for environmental reparation that they express. The fixation on environmental healing evidenced in tourist social media can be interpreted as a response to widely-felt ‘ecological grief’, triggered by the events of COVID-19. In this context, animal reclamation of urban spaces can be identified as a motif of environmental hope that symbolises life, regeneration and resilience, the understanding of which may contribute to the project of hopeful tourism in the post-COVID-19 era.     

Newspaper Reporting on Climate Change,Green Energy and Carbon Reduction Strategies across Canada 1999–2009

Canada’s climate change strategy faces an uncertain future since the country’s withdrawal from the Kyoto Protocol in 2011, making domestic public debate and awareness critical in the search for effective mitigation policies. This article presents a spatio-temporal analysis of newspaper reporting across Canada on climate change and carbon reduction approaches, ranging from renewable energies (solar, wind, hydro power) to carbon management (e.g., carbon capture and storage [CCS]) and economic approaches (e.g., carbon trade, ecological fiscal reform). The findings of a news article keyword analysis show that the overall growth of the Canadian news coverage during this time period was significantly fragmented into isolated peaks of activity rather than continuous growth of the topic of climate change. Furthermore, the study finds a strong news emphasis on technology- and growth-oriented solutions as opposed to a comprehensive ecological modernization that would encourage a deeper structural discussion about Canada’s much-criticized carbon-intensive energy economy.     

基于融合光谱分析的墓葬壁画颜料色彩虚拟修复方法研究北大核心

墓葬壁画是一种重要的彩绘文物,对其进行揭取搬迁并加固修复是目前主要的保护方式。而在揭取搬迁时,对壁画绘画内容和颜料进行数字化记录及特性分析,是后续壁画表层合理修复的重要依据。光谱成像技术作为一种属性与视觉同步感知的信息探测手段,可以用于壁画表面颜料层的高维信息记录与材质属性分析;同时,利用高光谱伪彩色显示技术可以实现颜料色彩的虚拟复原。基于此,提出一种基于融合光谱分析与带通能量积分的壁画颜料色彩虚拟修复方法,并利用采集的颜料光谱数据、壁画高光谱成像数据与模拟真实场景下的混合颜料光谱数据进行壁画颜料识别与色彩虚拟复原实验。实验结果表明,对于选取的唐墓壁画上的红、黄、蓝、绿四种颜料,其融合光谱识别结果是:武惠妃墓的红色颜料为朱砂/银珠、韩休墓的黄色颜料为石黄/雌黄、武惠妃墓的蓝色颜料为石青/青金石、韩休墓的绿色颜料为石绿的匹配度最大;同时,基于上述识别结果,得到了纯色复原和壁画基底绘制复原的壁画颜料色彩虚拟复原结果,可以为壁画实体修复提供颜料层视觉修复的参考依据。上述研究成果在壁画保护及活化利用领域具有重要的创新示范意义。     

Situating the Asia Pacific in the age of the Anthropocene

ABSTRACT

The unprecedented and unsustainable impact of human activities on the biosphere threatens the survival of the Earth's inhabitants, including the human species. Several solutions have been presented to mitigate, or possibly undo, this looming global catastrophe. The dominant discourse, however, has a monolithic and Western-centric articulation of the causes, solutions, and challenges arising from the events of the Anthropocene which may differ from the other epistemes and geographies of the world. Drawing on the International Relations (IR) critical engagement with the Anthropocene, this paper situates the Asia-Pacific region in the Anthropocene discourse. The region’s historical and socio-ecological characteristics reveal greater vulnerability to the challenges of the Anthropocene compared to other regions while its major economies have contributed recently to the symptoms of the Anthropocene. On the other hand, the region’s ecocentric philosophies and practices could inform strategies of living in the Anthropocene. This contextualised analysis aims to offer an Asia-Pacific perspective as well as insights into the development of IR in the age of the Anthropocene.