麦积山第100窟调查与年代研究

麦积山第100窟为麦积山石窟早期很重要的一个洞窟,该窟由于有过数次的重修,对之做系统的调查进而分析其始建年代与重修年代,有利于麦积山石窟成组洞窟及年代学的研究。本文在详细调查的基础上,认为该窟与第128窟等为北魏太和时期开凿,北魏晚期对该窟进行了重修,宋代再次重修。     

怎样写好《中国文学史》的一点建议——读宋人三大笔记有感

编写《中国文学史》,总爱用我们今天的文艺理论来评价古代的文学家与他们的作品,这当然是必要的,因为学术总得与时俱进。但阅读评论古代的作品,必须知其人,而知其人,又必须论及世。我们对那些特定的时代是否能有正确深入的了解,光靠泛泛而言的所谓时代背景介绍是不够的,因此通过宋人的记载与议论去感受那个时代的社会风尚以及领会当时的思想与眼光,这样。我们才能逐渐贴近那个时代,较为正确认识这些作家与作品,以及其时发生的种种事件。本文企图通过宋人三大笔记的相关记载与议论,谈谈北宋文学史的编写问题。     

辛亥革命元勋王天培将军遗文

辛亥革命元勋贵州籍将领王天培,一生追随孙中山先生革命,笃信三民主义,由于性情直率,胸怀坦荡,遭到蒋介石、何应钦等人嫉妒,以＂莫须有＂罪名陷害,英年早逝。从他撰写的一些对联、讲话、题词、诗歌、信函等遗文里,不难看出王天培聪颖的才华,直率的性格,忠诚的思想,坦荡的胸怀,以及坚定的信念和高尚的气节,不愧是贵州人民的好儿女。     

随仲嬭加鼎的时代特征及其他

随仲嬭加鼎的发现具有重要意义,但其非考古发掘品,需要考察其制作年代。在楚系青铜器大背景下,本文通过对该鼎器形、纹饰、铭文以及工艺等时代特征的观察,并对比分析相关楚系青铜器,认为该鼎制作年代在春秋中期无疑。     

南京地区明代功臣贵族墓出土洪武瓷刍论——兼论出土的其它瓷器

南京地区分布有明初功臣墓及其后代墓葬区,出土了不少重要洪武瓷.研究表明,家族墓中出土瓷器的品种与墓主的经历有关,贵族墓的瓷质随葬品种类依时间从梅瓶变化至罐,明代早期龙泉窑和磁州窑在全国瓷业中也占有重要地位,贵族墓出土的瓷器一般都是民窑器.     

近代日本的国际秩序观与外交取向

明治初期,维新政府中枢就已深刻地了解到日本所置身的国际社会和国际形势,确立起包括对自己和世界进行重新定位以及日本未来发展方向在内的国际秩序观。近代日本国际秩序思想中的上下秩序认识与欧洲近代国际秩序思想的二重原理体系如出一辙,并在明治维新后迅速与国家政权结合起来,最终确立起对欧美屈从,对东亚邻国强硬的双重外交路线。     

Hydrologic response of a small forested swamp complex,Seymour Valley,British Columbia

Wetlands are common in Coastal Western Hemlock forests yet the hydrologic processes that generate runoff from small swamps are not completely understood. Direct field observations, hydrologic, and electrical conductivity data were collected from a gently sloping forested swamp complex from July to November 2009. Swamps occupied depressions between raised mounds (0.1 to 3 m high) and were connected by an ephemeral creek. Runoff was controlled by antecedent moisture conditions and influenced by basin microtopography. Two hydrologic regimes occurred during the study period and different runoff processes dominated each regime. Runoff was generated by subsurface flow during dry antecedent conditions as swamps remained hydrologically disconnected from each other. Runoff was generated by surface outflow from hydrologically connected swamps during wet antecedent conditions as ponded water spilled out of the depressions. The forested swamp complex produced a faster but limited hydrologic response during dry antecedent conditions compared to a slower but greater hydrologic response during wet antecedent conditions. Stormwater runoff and runoff ratios were up to two orders of magnitude higher in wet conditions than during similarly sized events in dry conditions. These factors should be considered when designing monitoring programs or runoff models in forested swamps with significant microtopography. Field surveys and estimates of hydrologic inputs and outputs may be useful in predicting the potential hydrologic connectivity of isolated forested swamps.     

新中国成立初期的马克思主义宣传教育工作

新中国成立后,中国共产党成为领导全国政权的执政党。这种变化使党的马克思主义宣传教育工作面临许多新的问题,同时也提出了许多新的要求。为此,党采取了健全马克思主义宣传教育机构、提高各级党委和党员干部对马克思主义宣传教育工作重要性的认识、系统翻译和出版经典著作、培养马克思主义理论教员和宣传员、注重马克思主义通俗化和大众化等一系列措施,为马克思主义宣传教育工作提供了有力的组织保证,奠定了坚实的思想基础,使马克思主义理论在广大人民中得到普及,使中国共产党与广大民众有了共同语言,为当前马克思主义的宣传教育工作提供了有益的历史参考。     

陈独秀对湖南早期党史人物群体成长的影响

湖南早期党史人物群体,是指从新民学会成立到大革命失败,以新民学会为核心、受其影响的早期党史人物的集合。他们的成长得益于陈独秀的言传身教:从言传方面来说,受陈独秀主编的《新青年》的影响,逐步转变自己的思想观念,接受并宣传马克思主义,成为一个马克思主义者。从身教方面来说,一方面,陈独秀指导毛泽东等建立湖南共产主义小组,支持并鼓励毛泽东等在湖南从事的一切革命活动,培养和重用以毛泽东为代表的湖南早期党史人物,使他们在党内异军突起,崭露头角;另一方面通过对陈独秀的错误思想的批判,以毛泽东为代表的湖南党史人物对中国革命的基本问题有了较为正确的认识,日益成熟起来。     

INTERGENERATIONAL TIME AND MONETARY SUPPORT AMONG URBAN INDIAN FAMILIES

Intra-household time transfer is an important intergenerational support, less emphasised but more prominent than monetary transfers in the Indian family system. This paper attempts to study, empirically, the nature and pattern of time transfers between co-residing and non-co-residing parents and their adult married children in an urban setting in India. From the analysis of 673 representative sampled households, we have found that reciprocative time transfers between adult children and their parents constitute a central feature of the intergenerational support system, regardless of co-residency status. Significant correlates of time transfers to elderly parents are age, presence of other siblings in the household, headship status, and monetary support received from and made to parents. However, there is no evidence of inter-substitution between time and money between the two generations, i.e. married adult children and their parents. Time support is more frequent and intense when parents reside in the same city, whereas monetary transfers dominate when parents reside in a distant city or village.