内蒙古和林格尔县新店子墓地发掘简报

1999年,在内蒙古和林格尔县新店子墓地发掘墓葬56座,出土大批铜、石、陶、骨、金器等。墓葬形制可分竖穴土坑、洞室、偏洞室三种,绝大多数存在殉牲现象。墓葬年代为春秋晚期至战国早期。此墓地与岱海、鄂尔多斯地区的同时期考古遗存既有共性,又有一定区别。墓地居民可能从事一种较为发达的游牧经济。     

明末清初文人命运之管窥——侯方域生平考

侯方域是明末清初著名的文人之一,他出生于名门望族,受过良好的教育,很早就名满天下。他早年交游广阔,与当时的一帮名士朝夕对酒作诗,品评当世人物,颇有济世之志。后来,因得罪了小人,自己落得四处飘零,又由于农民战争及清军的蹂躏,他的大部分好友都散去或死去;明清易代,他又成了夹缝中的遗民。他虽然英年早逝,但短暂的一生却历经巨变沧桑。     

六朝文化研究刍议

南方六朝即孙吴、东晋、宋、齐、梁、陈,具有一贯性相共通的特点,适合作为一个研究单元。当此六朝文化研讨及其开发应用越来越得到学界重视、政府支持、社会关心乃至引起地域文化资源争夺[1]的今天,我们有必要立足于宏观的层面,厘清相关概念,明确时代特征与文化面貌,更新认识、追求创新,这是六朝文化研究进一步深入的前提。     

人类早期文明中的自然铜

自然铜是人类使用最早使用的金属之一,它与人类早期文明存在重要联系。本文介绍了自然铜的属性、地质与世界分布,并结合考古证据和相关文献对人类早期自然铜的认识、利用、开采、加工及其社会价值进行了分析,对自然铜与早期金属文明之间的关系进行了探讨。     

试论随州金鸡岭遗址新石器时代窑址群

金鸡岭遗址窑址群是目前长江中游发现的屈家岭文化时期数量最多、形制最丰富、分布最为集中的窑址群。陶窑从形态特征看有圆形窑、长条形分室窑、长方形馒头窑三种类型,其中长条形分室窑似龙窑结构在长江流域是首次发现,为我国早期龙窑的起源提供了极为重要的研究资料。窑址附近发现的非正常死亡的人骨架可能与窑址奠基或祭祀仪式有关。该窑址群时代为屈家岭文化时期。     

南梁始建秦州考

《北齐地理志》据《梁书·徐文盛传》、《梁书·杜崱传》以证南梁始建秦州于今南京市六合区时在武帝太清年间。实际上,《梁书·徐文盛传》所载"秦州"不治今南京市六合区,《梁书·杜崱传》所载郭元建攻秦州刺史严超远岁非太清二年(548年),二者皆不可为据。经考证,本文认为南梁始建秦州于今南京市六合区宜在大宝三年(552年)三至五月间。     

Worker Co‐operatives and Spaces of Possibility: An Investigation of Subject Space at Collective Copies

Abstract: If we are to understand the organization and growth of capitalist space, should we not also seek to understand the organization and expansion of noncapitalist economic spaces? In contrast to methods employed by theorists such as Harvey, Smith and other geographers focused on capitalist space, the diverse economies framework opens up to investigation such noncapitalist spaces. In this paper, using Gibson‐Graham's “politics of possibility”, I explore the production of work space and time in a growing worker owned co‐operative copy shop in order to gain insight into the organization and growth of co‐operative space. I argue that, in this instance, co‐operative growth emerges from the transformative experience of workers having a say in their daily work lives, having equal authority to govern work space and time and to appropriate and distribute surplus.     

Time‐bubbles of nationalism: dynamics of solidarity ritual in lived time

The growth of modern nationalism can be attributed to structural causes, especially the growth of the strong bureaucratic state that penetrates society, creating cultural uniformity and national identity. But structurally based nationalism need not be very intense, or constant; even when institutionalised in periodic formal rituals, it can be routine, low in emotion – even boring. We need to explain sudden upsurges in popular nationalism, but also their persistence and fading in medium‐length periods of time. Nationalist surges are connected with geopolitical rises and falls in the power‐prestige of states: strong and expanding states absorb smaller particularistic identities into a prestigious whole; weaker and defeated states suffer delegitimation of the dominant nationality and fragment in sudden upsurges of localising nationalities. Passing from macro‐patterns to micro‐sociological mechanisms, conflict producing solidarity is a key mechanism: dramatic events focus widespread attention and assemble crowds into spontaneous ‘natural rituals’ – mass‐participation interaction rituals, as distinct from formal rituals. Evidence from public assemblies and the display of national symbols following the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 (9/11) shows an intense period of three months, then gradual return to normal internal divisions by around six months. Spontaneous rituals of national solidarity are produced not only by external conflict but by internal uprisings, where an emotional upsurge of national identity is used to legitimate insurgent crowds and discredit regimes. Although participants experience momentary feelings of historic shifts, conflict‐mobilised national solidarity lives in a 3–6‐month time‐bubble, and needs to institutionalise its successes rapidly to have long‐term effects.     

新中国成立初期山西省农村扫盲

新中国成立初期,广大农村中文盲半文盲普遍存在的现实难以适应国家社会经济发展的要求,因此开展大规模的农村文化教育势在必行。在中央人民政府的领导下,山西省政府对农村扫盲工作高度重视,通过积极的宣传动员、有效的组织管理以及灵活多样的学习形式,提高了广大农民的文化素质和思想觉悟,形成了良好的社会风尚,为社会主义建设培养了优秀人才。由于农村扫盲受到时代与环境的限制,亦存在形式主义和官僚主义倾向、学习形式僵化等局限性。