Measuring Religious Preferences in Nineteenth-Century Urban Areas

The author applies David Galenson's work on the life cycles of modern artists to the study of the paintings of old masters, from about the early fifteenth to the late seventeenth centuries. Both the potential use of technical examination of paintings and the role of drawings for preconceiving compositions are explored as means for interpreting artistic behavior among pre-modern artists. Using a study of illustrations in texts to establish a list of canonical painters and the relative dates in which they are believed to have contributed their most important paintings, the author then analyzes a series of old master painters' working methods, demonstrating how their creative behavior corresponds to what their respective life cycles would suggest. Thus, the study of artists' life cycles could anticipate the use of optical and other mechanical devices for the production of premodern paintings based on such studies.     

Evolution from molecules to men

Early modern philosophers discussed the question of time in a variety of contexts; an enduring theme is the connection between time and the rational powers of the human soul. However, authors from a variety of confessional and philosophical perspectives also considered how the passions of the soul engage both humans and animals with the temporal world. This article considers a debate about the connections between time and the passions between two French physicians, Marin Cureau de la Chambre (1594–1669) and Pierre Chanet (c.1603–c.1660). The article explores the extent to which their background in late Aristotelian philosophy shaped this project, and its place within the broader transformation of the philosophy of time in the seventeenth century. Cureau and Chanet belong within a well-known early modern tradition of debates about animal reasoning, but their discussion of time and the passions is a significant yet neglected episode in the vernacularisation of scholastic and Aristotelian natural philosophy.     

Undertaking a Dissertation from Start to Finish: The Process and Product

Advocates for using a geographic information system (GIS) in education assert that GIS improves student learning. However, studies to clarify the relationship between learning and using GIS are still needed. This study examines the effects of using Web-based GIS maps in place of paper maps on students' geography content knowledge and motivation (self-efficacy) when taking college-level introductory human geography (N = 171). Hierarchical regression analysis shows that using Web-based GIS is positively related to post-test self-efficacy and post-test geography content knowledge.     

So many Glasgows: From ‘personality of place’ to ‘positionality in space and time’

This paper investigates place and positionality in the regional novel against a background of evolving trends in geographical scholarship of place and placelessness. In re‐examining the representation of Glasgow in the urban regional novel, it proposes that a qualitative difference exists between rural and urban epistemologies which relates to the profoundly temporal essence of ‘cityness’. Aspects of both multi‐dimensionality in urban time‐space and of the city as the locus for working‐class oppression are reviewed in the context of a selection of urban imaginings.     

杭州文庙彩绘现场保护研究

杭州文庙彩绘被清漆层覆盖,1988年涂覆的清漆已有发黄、鼓泡等老化现象。本文通过老化试验说明清漆已经进入了全面老化期,并且描述清漆老化对彩绘安全的危害。对彩绘颜料和清漆进行了取样分析,经过EDS检测,证明颜料主要成分是无机矿物。经过红外分析,证明清漆主要成分是多羟基丙烯酸聚合物。在文物保护现场,通过研究清漆老化程度和光照度之间的关系,证明光照是清漆老化的重要原因。在实验室研究出去除清漆而不伤及彩绘的溶胀剂,在现场通过测试色差和光泽度数值的变化,证明溶胀剂去除清漆的有效性。彩绘封护剂采用有机氟橡胶,通过接触角和耐湿热试验,证明有机氟橡胶具有较好的憎水性和耐湿热老化能力。同时在现场,通过彩绘保护前后的色差和光泽度变化,说明经过机氟橡胶保护处理过的彩绘,外观没有明显的变化。     

《平南传》琐谈

《平南传》问世后被认定为贵州首部历史小说,成书于明代。本文将该书与有关史籍对比,并根据明代职官等制度及有关人物的经历作考证,提出不同意见。又从故事情节及语言文字推测其成书年代,判断文学、史料价值。     

不同模式下城市郊区居民工作日出行行为的比较研究——基于北京与广州的案例分析

本文选择北京、广州的两个典型社区,分别作为转型期中国城市居住郊区化"政府主导模式"与"市场主导模式"的代表案例,基于两个社区的活动日志调查数据,比较两个社区居民的工作日出行行为,以此探究居住郊区化模式对居民出行行为的影响,在国内已有时间地理学研究基础上进行城市间直接比较研究的尝试。研究发现:政府主导的居住郊区化模式为居民提供了较完善的活动机会与便捷的出行环境,但并没有避免职住空间错位;市场主导的居住郊区化模式无法提供完善的活动机会与良好的出行环境,居民日常活动高度依赖于内城。     

论中国画笔墨的抽象性

从笔墨抽象性这一特殊的艺术思维入手,能更好地理解掌握笔墨技法并揭示中国画理论建设之所需。     

Moral economies of food and geographies of responsibility

This paper uses the concept of 'moral economy' to challenge the conventional view that defines morality and the market as oppositional terms. Drawing on evidence from life history interviews with key actors in the British food industry, the paper outlines how moral and ethical questions are articulated through notions of space and time. Using case study material from the chicken and sugar industries, the paper examines the way that ethical and moral issues are expressed through the dimensions of time (via notions of remembering and forgetting) and space (via notions of connecting and disconnecting) and via notions of visibility and invisibility. The paper concludes by examining how our understanding of the moral economies of food can be advanced through the adoption of a relational view of geographical scale and temporal connection, contrasting the attribution of individual blame with a politics of collective responsibility.