Participation in the reuse of industrial heritage sites: the case of Oberschöneweide,Berlin

In recent years, the significance of the debate concerning the participation of local communities in the reuse and management of industrial heritage sites has grown considerably. However, the question of how participation takes place in practice has received little attention. This article shows how participation in the reuse of industrial heritage sites has functioned in the planning process in Berlin-Oberschöneweide. The article is theoretically grounded on debates on labour and community heritage. The field of planning, which is closely interwoven with that of heritage management, provides another important theoretical horizon. The qualitative investigation consisted of interviews with different actors. The findings show that Oberschöneweide’s industrial heritage site is important to the local community. Thus far, the community has been able to participate in the reuse and development process in a number of ways. In addition to the provisions made for community participation by the relevant authorities, and local initiatives have exerted an influence on the development of the area. Nevertheless, this participation has been limited and is in some respects problematic. Furthermore, the participation process referred not only to the industrial zone itself, but to the development of the district as a whole.     

FRAGILITY OF STANDARD INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES BY A RESPONSE SURFACE BASED METHOD

National and international regulatory standards require industrial risk assessment, taking into account natural hazards including earthquakes, in the framework of Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA). Seismic fragility analysis of industrial components may be carried out similarly as what has been done for buildings, even though some peculiar aspects require the development of specific tools. In the present paper a contribution to the definition of a rational procedure for seismic vulnerability assessment of standardised industrial constructions in a probabilistic framework is given. The method covers a range of components of the same structural type. Seismic reliability formulation for structures is used. Both seismic capacity and demand are considered probabilistic with the latter assessed by dynamic analyses. The application example refers to shell elephant foot buckling of unanchored sliding tanks. A regression-based method is applied to relate fragility curves to parameters varying in the domain of variables for structural design.     

China's Economic Policy Today: The New State Activism

A noted American authority and investigator of China's economy outlines the general features of the ongoing reorientation of Chinese economic policymaking toward increased state activism, which has gained momentum in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. An initial section of the paper describes the marketization and privatization initiatives of China's late reform period to provide a baseline against which to measure the subsequent shift toward increased state intervention and guidance in the economy. The author traces the shift in three critical policy arenas (social policy, state-owned enterprises, and industrial and technology policy) and demonstrates how state involvement in each intensified during the global financial crisis. He then proceeds to explore the implications of accelerated state activism in the future, identifying potential rewards as well as large risks. Among the latter are macroeconomic imbalances, a "softening" of budget constraints, difficulties in recognizing and terminating unsuccessful economic programs, and tensions with trading partners.     

Form,function, fiction – translations of technology and design in product development

This article is a case study of the design and development of a Norwegian crockery series for institutional households – the 1962 Figgjo 3500 Hotel China. It investigates how this product represented a decisive break with the conventions of postwar Norwegian design and manufacture. The onset of international free trade meant export or die for the manufacturing industry. The elitist aestheticism so prevalent in the so‐called Scandinavian Design movement was abandoned in favour of an ideology remarkably akin to what was at the German Ulm School of Design called scientific operationalism. The paper also analyses how the manufacturer sought to portray this product: first, it was inscribed as science incarnated, and the material morality reigned supreme. But as society's faith in science took some serious blows in the course of the 1960s and modernist design idioms were partly forsaken in the 1970s, the engineered tableware became the fashioned tableware as trends tamed technology. These translations of technology, design, identity and consumption tell the story of how an artefact is constantly in a state of transformation – on both sides of the factory gate.     

The Saga of the ‘Second industrial divide’ and the history of the ‘third Italy’: Evidence from export data

The idea of the Third Italy has achieved an iconic status in geography. It has come to represent one of the main geographical manifestations of the so‐called second industrial divide between Fordist mass production and flexible specialisation. Yet the idea has received limited critical attention since acquiring its elevated status. It deserves to do so, because it involves confusing a localised model of economic development with the economic character of a larger geographic region. Examining province level export data for the years 1985, 1991, 1995 and 1999 for both total exports and two key sectors using exploratory spatial data analysis, provincial rankings and LISAs (local indicators of spatial association) suggests that the export‐based homogeneity and dynamism of the Third Italy can be exaggerated. Italy's urban hierarchy, particularly the centrality of Milan, continues to play a significant role in the Italian economy. Common use of the term ‘Third Italy’ confuses an economic process with a specific geographical configuration.     

政府空间治理与地方产业发展响应——以重庆市电子信息产业为例

政府空间治理对地方发展具有深刻影响。西方学界在解释国家治理时有三个重要学说:非马克思主义理论、马克思主义理论和福柯学说,但并不能完全解释我国的政府治理结构。中国治理结构包含中央政府和地方政府等多个层次,各层次的行为能力和权力空间有所不同。改革开放以来,中央政府允许地方政府通过调节财税杠杆、土地、劳动力等要素进行地方治理模式创新。同时,地方政府积极争取成为由中央政府批准的特殊经济区,对本地制度环境进行改革和创新,以促进地方产业发展。本文以重庆市为例,结合6次深入调研,探讨政府如何通过财税、土地等多项改革,提升空间治理能力,创造差异化治理环境,以带动地方产业发展的积极响应。     

东北老工业城市旅游业与城市化耦合演变关系研究

以东北四个老工业城市为例,通过构建旅游业与城市化评价指标体系,采用综合发展水平评价和耦合协调模型,分析了2001-2012年期间大连、沈阳、长春、哈尔滨旅游业与城市化耦合演变关系,结果表明:①四市旅游业与城市化综合发展水平均呈上升趋势,城市之间分异显著;②四市旅游业与城市化耦合协调水平缓慢提升,总体呈现大连 > 沈阳 > 长春 > 哈尔滨的空间格局,耦合等级普遍偏低且具有"趋同俱乐部"特征,不断形成"沈大"、"哈长"两大集团;③四市旅游业发展明显滞后,市际旅游业与城市化滞碍关系演变具有三种类型:大连、哈尔滨为"交错更替"型、长春为"断面分明"型、沈阳为"恒定不变"型。最后提出了四市旅游业与城市化协调发展的对策建议。     

京津冀区域制造业分工与转移

本文基于2001年至2009年京津冀区域182个区县制造业29个行业的数据,测算了京津冀区域制造业分工与转移的基本特征,并利用面板计量模型,对两者的关系进行了实证检验。研究得出:(1)京津冀区域制造业的发展呈现明显的差异化特征,三地制造业梯度分工格局正在逐步形成;(2)京津冀区域制造业在区域内部的转移主要从京津走廊向河北东部沿海的唐山、秦皇岛以及河北腹地的冀中南地区转移;(3)京津冀区域制造业的转移主要受到扩散效应的影响,在区县之间由分工的高梯度地区向低梯度地区转移。从分行业来看,技术密集型制造业转移受分工影响程度最大,其次是资本密集型制造业,劳动密集型制造业转移受分工影响最小。     

1990年以来长春市工业空间扩展的驱动力分析

依据1995年、2003年、2008年长春市土地利用现状图和2011年长春市卫星影像图,借助于Arc GIS技术平台,综合运用Global Moran's I指数、分形理论模型法以及缓冲区分析法,对长春市工业空间扩展特征进行研究,结果表明:1工业空间整体具有空间正相关特征,但工业空间集聚程度呈现先降低后逐渐增高的趋势,显示出工业空间具有整体分散、局部集聚的演变特征;2工业空间总体扩展方式为向外扩展,但具体呈现出"交通轴向扩展-轴间指状填充-交通轴向扩展"的特点;3工业空间演化呈现郊区化显著、多中心分布以及工业多次搬迁且不连续性的特征。在上述综合研究结果的基础上,认为自然因素、开发区的成立和发展、产业结构的升级、土地使用制度的改革与企业改制重组、城市规划以及交通是长春市工业空间扩展的驱动力。