基于流形学习与光谱解混的文物表面字迹增强——以云冈第38窟为例

文物表面的文字是了解历史的关键信息，对文物表面文字信息的探索成为文物保护的重要环节。结合流形学习与光谱解混，提出一种新的文物表面字迹增强方法。首先，利用基于流形学习的等距映射方法对预处理后的高光谱图像进行非线性降维，得到信息量最大的灰度图像；其次，分析文字与背景的光谱特征，通过多层非负矩阵分解方法得到字迹丰度图；然后，将二者进行加权平均得到字迹增强图像，再与合成真彩色影像进行HSV融合，得到字迹融合影像；最后，为更好地辨认文字，在字迹增强图像上裁剪文字并做形态学变换，得到字迹提取图。以云冈石窟第38窟的一景褪色文字高光谱图像为例进行了验证，结果表明，该方法能够有效地增强出文物表面的褪色文字，且较其他增强方法效果更好。     

堰师商城为夏商年代分界界标完全符合历史实际

国家“九五”重点科技攻关项目“夏商周断代工程”采用偃师商城作为夏商年代分界界标的针对学术界仍持有不同看法,笔者应用出文献记载、考古实物资料和Ｃ１４测定标本年代的数据等多学科科研成果,以证明来用偃师商城作为夏商年代分界界标的正确性。     

A Stake in Place? The Geography of Employee Ownership and its Implications for a Stakeholding Society

In recent years employee ownership has become a means by which some workers facing privatization, closure or takeover have attempted to defend their jobs and communities. Proponents of a 'stakeholding' society have advocated the widening of share ownership as a means of democratizing the economy, building partnerships and achieving consensus at work. But is employee ownership able to sustain local investment and industrial partnership? Through a detailed case study of a management and employee buyout in the railway industry, I suggest that the ability of employee ownership to fix investment in place may be enhanced by relations of 'stakeholding', increasing employee commitment to the firm and its future. In the case studied here, however, lack of employee power and finance effectively excluded most workers from the processes and philosophy of the buyout. The new ownership structure did little to reshape local relations between workers and those in control. While ownership cannot eradicate economic threats to community, it might, if used as a mechanism to promote new styles of management and employee commitment, foster long-term success. It is argued that government and trade unions can do more to promote wider employee ownership and participation at work in the future.     

京津冀城市群产业投资网络演变及影响因素研究

本文利用2000—2019年工商企业注册数据库中的企业投资汇总数据构建京津冀城市群的产业投资网络,采用社会网络分析法研究其演变特征及行业差异,在此基础上利用QAP回归分析探讨其影响因素。主要结论为：产业投资规模呈阶段性增长,投资空间范围扩大,投资格局从单核辐射网络演变为“双层三角联动辐射网络”,核心—边缘结构明显但极化现象逐步减弱。产业投资网络存在行业异质性,制造业呈现等级辐射网络,科学研究与技术服务业呈现单核辐射网络。影响因素从以经济规模和劳动力成本为主演变为行政界线、劳动力成本、科研创新、金融市场、经济规模多种因素共同作用,影响因素也存在行业异质性。     

PERFECT REPRESENTATIONS OF SOVIET PLANNED SPACE

The article looks at mono‐industrial cities in the Baltic States during the Soviet era. In terms of economy, ethnicity and their urban appearance these heterotopic towns were outposts in the integration of the occupied European‐like territories into the Soviet Union. Thanks to the principles of planning and state‐favoured development that were applied across the Soviet Union, these towns, built for Russian speaking immigrants, stood out from the surrounding patterns of settlement that had developed naturally over time. The uranium producing town of Sillamäe in Estonia was built in secret and with lightning speed amidst the panic concerning the atom bomb immediately after the war, and provides us with a perfect model of Stalinist urban development. Stu?ka, built in the 1960s near a hydro‐electric power station in Latvia and Snie?kus, built in the 1970s next to a nuclear power station in Lithuania, were less separated from the surrounding landscape, but both provide a perfect example of Soviet modernism, which had been learned from mass‐housing in the West.     

需求弹性对产业活动的指示功能研究

需求弹性对产业活动有很强的指示功能。围绕需求弹性不同的商品的需求(量)对经济变量的依存关系,研究如何运用需求弹性指导产业活动行为有重要意义。本文概述了需求弹性的数学基础,结合需求弹性释义,从价格弹性、需求收入弹性和交叉(价格)弹性等方面讨论了需求弹性对产业活动的指示功能。     

东北地区资源性城市接续产业的选择

东北地区资源性城市接续产业的发展是东北老工业基地改造的重要内容之一。本文分析了东北地区资源性城市的发展历程和产业现状,指出了资源性城市接续产业发展的必要性和迫切性。然后,讨论了接续产业的选择依据。在此基础上,对东北地区资源性城市进行分类,并研究了不同类型资源性城市接续产业的选择。     

珠海旅游产业集群的案例研究

在对旅游产业集群理论简要综述的基础上,文章以珠海市为案例,实地调研和深入访谈分析珠海旅游产业集群各要素之间的关系,并构建了珠海旅游产业集群的构成要素示意图,最后利用"钻石模型"评估珠海旅游集群的发展现状。文章充实了国内关于旅游产业集群的实证研究,指出珠海旅游产业集群已经初步形成,并且是一种政府主导型发展模式,但集群要素间进一步的知识和信息联系较少,创新性不足,珠海旅游产业集群属于低端集群,其进一步的完善和升级还需要继续发挥政府的支持和推动作用。     

城固出土5件商代青铜兽面饰的无损分析及初步研究

为对陕西城固出土的青铜兽面饰的保护修复提供科学依据,同时进一步揭示其所蕴含的制作技术和相关考古学信息,采用X光探伤仪、超景深显微镜、X荧光能谱仪及显微共聚焦激光拉曼光谱仪对5件商代青铜兽面饰进行了无损分析,分析结果显示,2件为锡青铜,3件为铅锡青铜,兽面饰表面铜锈以孔雀石CuCO₃·Cu(OH)₂为主,局部见赤铁矿Fe₂O₃、纤铁矿γ-FeOOH和钙质层CaCO₃。分析结果为这组青铜兽面饰的保护修复提供了科学依据。根据检测结果,对兽面的铸造工艺、补铸痕迹、铜料配比、小孔的制作工艺等方面进行了讨论,并与殷墟及老牛坡出土同类型器物进行了类比,从而得出了这一地区兽面饰的工艺、风格与该地区铜器整体风格一致的结论,为从材料与工艺层面认知“城洋铜器群”提供了坚实的数据基础。     

近代中国人对西方科学文化的几种解读

近代以来,中国从传统的科学和技术向近代的科学和技术转变,是在西方科学文化影响下完成的。这一过程亦是近代中国人对西方科学文化的认知过程。这一认知过程中,不同人物对接纳西方科学文化有或深或浅的解读,其中,“道器”与“体用”的文化认知模式是近代中国人解读西方科学文化的基本特征。