基于文化意象视角的宗教遗产地旅游文化内涵挖掘——以五台山为例

随着旅游体验方式转变,挖掘文化内涵为游客塑造高峰旅游体验成为必然趋势。中国是一个宗教旅游资源丰富的大国,宗教遗产旅游作为一种具有深刻文化内涵的专项旅游产品,文化内涵的挖掘和传承是开发的核心。但目前宗教遗产地普遍存在着遗产文化内涵展示不足,深厚的文化内涵和较高的审美价值未能为游客所感知。凝练遗产旅游地的文化意象,将其"活化","可视化"成为必然。以佛教文化为主的宗教旅游成为五台山旅游的根本,"文殊五台,智慧舞台"的文化意象成为五台山宗教遗产地的主题统领。五台山佛教文化遗产地的文化内涵挖掘必须在此主题下展开和进行。     

澳门"赌城"旅游形象的SWOT分析

本文采用SWOT分析法,分析了澳门“赌城”旅游形象的优劣势、机会以及威胁,试图为澳门旅游形象的选择与重塑提供理论依据。     

基于结构方程模型的城市旅游形象影响因素测评

构建城市旅游形象理论模型。以徐州为例,在利用SPSS15.0软件对数据进行了信度检验的基础上,通过LISREL8.70软件对模型检验结果表明,结构模型中各结构变量之间的路径与假定基本符合,模型的整体拟合性能良好;旅游服务认知对目的地满意度评价的作用大于旅游资源,说明影响徐州旅游形象的因素是综合导向型的,而非资源主导型;城市特征和居民素质对旅游服务认知、满意度和忠诚度三者均有效应,而城市竞争力和居民竞争力仅对旅游服务认知产生影响;影响满意度的因素有旅游服务认知、旅游资源认知、城市特征和城市居民素质;忠诚度除了受满意度的影响外,还与城市特征和城市居民素质有关联。     

色彩营销:旅游地营销的新选择

在激烈的旅游市场竞争环境下,有效的营销策略无疑会成为旅游地在竞争中胜出的有力法宝。色彩营销已经在国内外企业中风行了近三十年,并取得了良好的效果。然而,还没有研究表明该方法已经运用于旅游业。本研究在对色彩营销相关理论进行阐述的基础上,对旅游地实施色彩营销的可行性、实施路径、"三忌"等问题进行了系统剖析,以论证如下观点:色彩营销是旅游地营销的新选择。此外,本论文还对旅游地色彩营销的局限性进行了分析。     

Circulation of Coronavirus Images: Helping Social Distancing?

As soon as the SARS-Cov2 disease was recognized by experts to potentially cause a serious pandemic, a three dimensional diagrammatic image of the virus, colored in strong red, conquered public media globally. This study confronts this iconic virus image with a historic image analysis of 33,000 biomedical articles on coronaviruses published between 1968–2020 and interviews with some of their authors. Only a small fraction of scientific virus publications entail images of the complete virus. Red as an alarm color is not used at all by scientists who don't aim for a non-scientific public. Circulation in this case concerns the movement of iconic images from a scientific context into a general public. On the basis of hps-studies on scientific diagrams and especially on color use in scientific diagrams to convey specific messages in public, the paper discusses the role of the claim of public corona-virus diagram as “scientific.” It points at relevant differences between most frequent scientific corona-virus images and the diagrammatic image used in public. Both author- and readerships (in science and public) follow contrasting aims and values. Thus, the images meet non-expert readers for whom the images entail very different – and potentially unintended – meanings then to virus experts.     

“路学”视角下公路交通对旅游地的影响维度与机制研究

“路学”是关于道路功能、时空演化及其区域影响的理论,为研究公路交通对旅游地影响提供新视角。借鉴“路学”构建“公路建设及其作用-公路对旅游地的影响-公路与旅游地交互响应”结构模型。结果表明：公路交通对旅游地的影响表现在经济、社会、文化和生态等维度,且具有正向影响。公路在增强旅游地通达性、刺激经济发展和改变生态环境的同时,也具有鲜明的社会文化特性,改变着人们的旅游经历与体验方式,引发地方重构和社会重塑。经济和生态维度对交旅响应有着正向影响,社会和文化维度影响不显著,交旅交互响应对公路交通建设影响不显著。进而基于生产、使用、建构和消费构建影响机制,以期为促进交旅协调发展提供新的理论视角和科学依据。     

旅游口号设计框架构建及其偏离分析:基于衰减器作用视角

作为建立品牌认知、创建品牌资产和投射品牌形象的重要手段,旅游口号在"目的地竞争战"中发挥了重要作用。立足于"衰减器"作用机理,构建旅游口号设计规则框架。同时,根据旅游口号评价指标与设计规则的分歧倾向比例来定义偏离级次,实证分析不同地域尺度的旅游口号的偏离程度和偏离分布差异。研究结论显示：①衰减器的内部作用过程包括特征抽取和口号衰减两个阶段;②旅游口号的偏离情况具有地域尺度差异性。省域旅游口号的总偏离程度最高,景域旅游口号的偏离分布差异性最明显,而市域旅游口号和我国旅游口号的偏离分布一致。     

Destination image repair while combatting crises: tourism marketing in Africa

ABSTRACT

The current study analyzes the media strategies used by Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries to repair their destination image during and after crisis, and attract international tourism. There has been to date a dearth of academic studies that looked at the marketing and branding of destinations in SSA. The few studies that have appeared on this topic focused primarily on a single case study, rather than examining various models and theories that belong to the field of image repair. We, therefore, sought to analyze a variety of case studies to look for common strategies among SSA nations. The conceptual framework used in this research was the ‘multi-step model for altering place image.’ The study was based on qualitative content analyses of news reports, press interviews, campaigns and other marketing initiatives. These items were located in three sources between the years 2008 and 2015: official websites and social media pages of the national tourism boards of SSA countries, news, reports about African countries published in three main international media outlets and reports in a global tourism news website.The study's conclusions show that SSA marketers and policy-makers used three groups of strategies to promote their destinations during and after tourism crises: (1) source-focused strategies (media cooperation and media relations, physical/economic threats and media blockage, and internet use as an alternative source), (2) message-focused strategies (ignoring the crisis, negative image acknowledgement, scale of crisis reduction, counter-message delivery, association with well-known brands and celebrities, tackling the crisis and the spin of liabilities into assets), and (3) audience-focused strategies (patriotism and personal/national heritage, and target audience change). We discovered that despite the differences among the countries, marketers in this area have adopted similar strategies to combat crises in order to repair destination images.     

Sustainability of the tourist supply chain and governance in an insular biosphere reserve destination: the perspective of tourist accommodation

ABSTRACT

Small islands in peripheral regions are currently perceived as attractive tourist destinations. Governance plays an important role as a strategy for the revival of such destinations to achieve a more productive, environmental, social and sustainable management structure. ‘Good’ governance of a destination depends on all the actors involved in the tourism network. Such governance requires a redefinition of relations between government and society and minimal boundaries between public and private sectors. This paper has analysed the level of implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in a tourist destination that is a biosphere reserve (BR), the island of Fuerteventura (Canary Islands, Spain), from a comprehensive approach involving a tourism supply chain (TSC) with private and public agents. The focal firms analysed within the TSC have been tourist accommodation establishments in Fuerteventura. The paper shows that the level of involvement of tourist accommodation in CSR is positive. However, this involvement is not sufficiently high to meet the requirements of a destination designated as a BR. Therefore, coordination policies should be developed that promote governance systems and further enhance sustainability in the destination.     

东汉至北朝的墓葬石堂研究——兼论"宁懋石室"的形制与性质

墓葬石堂经历东汉至北朝由地上转向地下的一个完整过程,它由墓上祭祀之礼的支撑载体,发展为兼具墓内祭祀意义的石质葬具,并逐渐成为礼制与观念的物质表达。本文综合梳理自东汉至北朝墓葬石堂的考古学材料,从长时段的研究视角指出墓葬石堂的演变趋势,并由此对"宁懋石室"的形制与性质给予判断。