华山风景区旅游形象感知研究——基于游客网络日志的文本分析

本文通过网络日志研究游客对目的地形象的感知。利用百度、Google以及各旅游网站采集游客记述华山旅游的网络日志和网友点评,按照设定的条件进行筛选后得到了92篇日志和181条负面点评;然后运用质性研究的文本分析法,通过这些材料研究游客对华山形象的感知。结果发现,利用网络日志研究旅游目的地形象具有良好的效果：从92篇日志中提取出华山旅游形象的7个积极感知因素,181条负面点评被归纳为5个核心类属1、3小类的消极感知因素。此外研究还发现,华山风景区还未曾深入发掘两种会令游客产生积极形象感知的因素,即华山的文化底蕴和地质旅游资源。     

“风流绍兴”旅游意象定位新论——旅游文化设计探索系列

区域旅游意象文化设计是个值得深度关注的问题。本文以浙江的绍兴为例,尝试运用“思想实验室”的技术路线,大胆假设,小心求证,对旨在启动西欧北关市场而为绍兴度身打造的旅游意象定位的英语表述方式“Vintage Shaoxing”以汉语的“风流绍兴”对译之,并从人文地理视角进行内在底蕴和外显载体两个方面的具体分析论证。笔者希冀如此立足创新的“这一个”区域旅游意象定位之文化设计探索具有举一反三的启迪和借鉴作用。     

旅游目的地意象定位研究述评——基于心理学视角的分析

旅游目的地意象自20世纪70年代初产生以来一直是旅游研究中的热点问题,国内外此类研究取得了丰硕的成果。本文以对此类研究成果的述评为基础,从心理学角度分析了旅游目的地意象的构成和发展过程,提出＂destination image＂的翻译应体现该概念的心理学构成,从旅游者心理研究角度将其译为＂旅游目的地意象＂;旅游目的地意象研究应着力将抽象的概念推理和具体的实证测量相结合;在此基础上借助认知心理学理论成果提出了旅游目的地意象形成中的讯息加工过程及阶段模式。     

澳门旅游形象的优化——基于文化内涵的探讨

澳门博彩业近年的发展促使澳门作为赌城的旅游形象进一步深入人心。然而,博彩业的繁荣也反衬出区域经济过于单一化发展带来的隐患,以及基于文化内涵的旅游开发力度不够从而影响区域文化品位提升的弊端。对于澳门目前现有形象进行优化,不仅仅能彰显沉寂中的澳门文化旅游,还能增强旅游体验的丰富性,同时降低经济风险。夯实文化基础、多元化格局提升市场的吸引力应成为澳门旅游形象优化的方向。在此基础上,本研究进一步提出了充实文化的层次丰度、强化形象的空间弹性和规划形象的阶段发展这三大优化途径,最后从口号、节事、视觉这三方面阐释了形象优化的方案。     

A multi-stakeholder examination of destination image: Nanluoguxiang heritage street,Beijing, China

ABSTRACT

Perceived destination image is rarely examined through the gaze of stakeholders other than visitors, in particular residents and tourism business operators. This hinders the comprehensive understanding of destination image and limits its practical implications for destination marketing and management. Therefore, this study proposes a multi-stakeholder approach to image evaluation to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the destination image and better inform destination planning and management. Taking Nanluoguxiang hutong tourism site in Beijing as an example, the image perceptions of residents, on-site business operators, and domestic and international tourists are compared. Questionnaire surveys with both types of tourists and semi-structured interviews with residents and business operators are the main research methods. Major between group differences are identified in the evaluation of the authenticity of this Beijing hutong area, its representation of traditional Beijing culture and whether or not it is a place in which to relax. Results demonstrate that visitors, residents and business operators share similar cognitive images of Nanluoguxiang as a traditional historical street and a special business street with Beijing character. However, the historical and cultural values of Nanluoguxiang are undervalued. Moreover, distinct differences exist between the actual motivations for visiting held by domestic and international tourists and their motivations as perceived by residents and business operators. Suggestions are made to better meet the expectations and desires of all stakeholder groups through the provision of participatory programmes and activities to enrich the visitor experience of hutongs and the hutong lifestyle while maintaining a boundary between tourists and residents’ personal space to reduce unnecessary interruptions to residents’ daily life.     

Point/counter point: the accuracy and feasibility of digital image techniques in the analysis of ceramic thin sections

Digital Imaging Analysis has been proposed as an efficient alternative to traditional petrography for some applications. This paper tests that proposition in the measurement of temper size and abundance in four pottery thin sections from the Pevey Site, Mississippi. The findings of both studies are presented here and the relative merits of the two techniques are evaluated in terms of accuracy, precision, cost, and time.     

‘I don't think it was such an issue back then’: changing experiences of pregnancy across two generations of women in south-east England

Based upon in-depth interviews with recent mothers and their own mothers in London, England, this article uses a cross-generational perspective to examine the changing experiences/perceptions of pregnancy over the late twentieth and early twenty-first century. Pregnancy is a biological process, but exists within social, economic, political and cultural realms and is both spatially and temporally located. In this article we argue that advances in gender equality, maternity benefits, technological innovation and mass media have meant that pregnancy is now increasingly experienced in the ‘public’ sphere, whereas, in earlier twentieth century Britain at least, it was often relegated to the realm of private or domestic life. However with these changes have come new types of surveillance in the form of scientific ‘advice’, medical technologies and media dissemination of cultural ‘norms’ regarding appropriate dress, lifestyle and behaviour during pregnancy. Based upon the findings of our research we examine these changes from two different perspectives: firstly a Foucauldian notion of surveillance in relation to ‘medical’ advice on diet/lifestyle during pregnancy, and secondly new expectations regarding body image and clothing in the context of the emergence of ‘pregnancy chic’ and the figure of the ‘celebrity mum’.     

日本天皇制的近代性与现代前景

日本近代天皇制,昨天是明治天皇,是统治权的总揽者,是万世一系的天皇,是现人神。今天的天皇是象征天皇,象征日本国和国民和谐。他只能行使国事行为,没有国政权能。因此,象征天皇不是日本国的元首。其国事行为又不能独立行使,必须内阁的建议与认可。明天的天皇是以主权所属的日本国民之总意为依据的。在日本3种社会势力中,以社会右翼为代表的天皇像,肯定是不得人心,以共产党为代表的左翼力量,主张断然废除天皇,也背离国民众望。只有广大的社会中坚,在60多年象征天皇经验的基础上,加以改进,他们的天皇像才有望在国会中通过。     

TOWARDS A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF PLACE ATTRACTIVENESS: A MIGRATION PERSPECTIVE

The attractiveness of places is currently gaining a high policy salience in policymakers' efforts to draw mobile capital. Yet, while there are a growing number of empirical studies considering the migration of people and the attractiveness of places, there is an acute lack of conceptual understanding of the phenomena that hamper discussions between researchers and policymakers. This article suggests a conceptual framework whereby place attractiveness can be better understood from a migration perspective. The empirical material for this article mainly draws upon interviews that were carried out with migrants who seem to have considered at least one alternative in their search for a suitable destination. The conceptual framework, which comprises the main result of the article, illustrates that needs, demands and preferences are central and empirically identifiable components for properly appreciating place attractiveness in a migration context. It is argued that the attractiveness of places increases with the successive fulfilment of these factors; but on the other hand, the more factors a migrant seeks to fulfil in his or her destination selection, the fewer the choice possibilities. The article moreover shows how a life-course perspective needs to be integrated in such analyses since not only do migrants' needs, demands and preferences depend upon their current life-course phase situation, their resources and constraints are also likely to correlate with the life-course. The conceptual framework can be used to ease understanding between researchers and policymakers in issues related to place attractiveness and the migration of relatively affluent migrants with choice opportunities.     

网络舆情危机下旅游形象感知的变化及对出游意向的影响——以青岛“天价虾事件”为例

随着中国旅游经济的快速发展，提升和维护旅游形象成为旅游目的地的关键任务之一。然而，在互联网时代，网络舆情事件正在对旅游目的地形象带来新的威胁，值得引起学界关注。文章以青岛“天价虾事件”为例，采用结构方程模型，基于潜在游客视角尝试回答：网络舆情危机下，潜在游客对旅游目的地形象感知是否发生变化，形象感知的变化能否引起其出游意向的变化?结果表明：①网络舆情危机下，潜在游客的认知形象变差会直接导致情感形象和整体形象变差；同时，情感形象变差也会对直接引起整体形象变差。②网络舆情危机下，受认知形象变化和情感形象变化的影响，潜在游客的出游意向受到明显抑制；其中，情感形象起直接作用，认知形象起间接作用。