Viking age horse graves from Kaunas region (Middle Lithuania)

Balts' territories have one peculiarity—large amounts of horse bones are found in burial grounds. This phenomenon is typical to the Prussians (5th–11th centuries) and Lithuanians (Kaunas region 8th–11th centuries) Horse burials of the 8th–11th centuries reflect the archaeological culture of Middle Lithuania most significantly. Several horse burial types have been defined on the basis of individuals; osteological signs and the archaeological data of the horse remains. A typical horse grave is when the whole horse was buried. Sometimes only a head or a head with forelegs, or scattered horse remains are found in a burial. The large number of burial grounds with an abundance of horse graves testifies to a very expressive ritual of horse offering in the Balts' region. On the basis of the data obtained, we determined that mostly 4–10 year old horses were buried in the grounds of Middle Lithuania. From the bone measurements, it has been determined that the length of metacarpals ranges between 180 and 216 mm (the average length 193.1±0.99 mm); the length of metatarsals between 218 and 253 mm (average length 233.9±0.73 mm).These data demonstrate that horses of different types were buried in Marvelė and Veršvai burial grounds (wither height 120–136 cm). A certain number of the larger horses (wither height 136–144 and 153 cm; length of metacarpals 210–222 mm) might not have belonged to local breeds. We have come to the conclusion that the most similar horse skeletons (according to the osteometric data) were found in Latvia. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

多源数据结合的城市生活空间质量评价——以南京为例

在当前我国社会经济转型的背景下,城市生活空间质量成为居民、学界与政府关注的焦点。采用多源数据,拓展了已有城市生活空间质量的评价维度与评价方法,从舒适性、便利性、健康性、安全性、社会性五个维度构建了评价指标体系,并通过GIS空间分析方法,以南京为例进行了生活空间质量评价并识别其空间分布规律。实证分析表明：①南京的城市生活空间质量存在着明显的空间分异。高质量生活空间呈现明显的等级集聚特征,主中心位于核心区周边1-3 km的圈层,低质量生活空间总体分布较为分散。②在构成生活空间质量的五个维度中,舒适性和社会性的发展质量呈现由城市中心向外围递增的趋势,便利性的发展质量呈现由城市中心向外围递减的趋势,健康性受城市环境质量分布趋势的影响,呈现由西北向东南递减的趋势,安全性的高值集聚不显著而低值集聚于城市中心区。     

基于夜间灯光数据的中国土地城镇化水平时空动态

基于长时间序列夜间灯光遥感数据,本研究从国家、八大经济区、省、地等四个尺度综合分析了中国1992-2010年土地城镇化水平时空动态特征。结果表明,在1992-2010年间:中国土地城镇化水平增长迅速,年均增长率为8.34%,明显高于同时期人口城镇化水平增长速度;土地城镇化水平区域差异十分显著,东部沿海经济区在八大经济区中土地城镇化水平最高且增长速度最快,香港、澳门特别行政区土地城镇化水平远高于其它省区;土地城镇化的热点区域主要集中分布于长三角、山东半岛、海峡西岸等11个城市群地区。     

中国足球俱乐部空间分布变化及其影响力分析

采用GIS技术、百度大数据和相关模型,以1994、2004和2014年为时间节点,对中国足球俱乐部的空间分布格局、动态变化规律及其社会影响力进行了分析。结果表明:①1994-2014年,中国足球俱乐部主要分布在环渤海、珠三角、长三角、长江与黄河中下游、京广沿线,分布范围扩展、集聚性先增后减;中超俱乐部主要分布在东部沿海城市,集聚性逐渐增强,中甲和中乙俱乐部空间分布格局趋向均匀化;②2014年,中超、中甲和中乙俱乐部综合影响力之比为28:7:1,俱乐部影响力前三强广州恒大、北京国安和山东鲁能,影响力空间分布格局表现出明显的圈层分布特征,中西部地区俱乐部较少、影响力低,强影响力区与高密度区并不完全重合,影响力与俱乐部历史、成绩、升降级、区域足球文化相关。     

微观视角下中国大城市家庭汽车拥有情况研究——以北京市为例

目前国内从微观角度对家庭汽车所有权的研究很少。本文试图基于对北京市的一项大型问卷调查数据,从微观视角分析中国大城市家庭汽车所有权的主要影响因素。结果显示,中国城市家庭汽车所有权主要受能力因素和需求因素两方面影响。具体而言,家庭收入越高、持有驾照的成员数越多、户主受教育程度越高、户主年龄越大、离地铁站越远,家庭拥有汽车的可能性越大。家庭规模、家庭内的孩子数及是否住在内城等在国外研究中较为重要的解释变量在国内并不显著。有车家庭的户主在日常通勤中对汽车的使用强度较高,说明居民购买汽车主要为满足实际需要,"炫耀性"消费的因素不多。     

南京市区活动空间总体特征研究——基于大数据的实证分析

大数据"时代的到来,提供了新的研究方法与研究视角。人作为信息化的主体,随着移动信息通信技术的快速发展以及信息通信设备的日益普及,人们在网络中遗留的带有地理空间信息的大规模"痕迹"成为重要的研究数据,并开始被地理学者广泛关注。本文尝试通过借助新浪微博,引入位置服务签到大数据分析南京市区活动空间的总体特征通过与基于城镇人口的空间等级对比研究发现活动空间等级的依赖与极化并指出信息时代下距离的二重作用是导致空间极化的最主要原因。     

美国华侨对保皇会的支持与贡献

戊戌政变后,康梁等保皇领袖曾在全世界华侨社会中建立了庞大的保皇组织,美国华侨社会成为海外保皇势力的中心。美国华侨在组织上和财力上对保皇派做出了重大贡献,保皇党人在开启华侨民智,推动华侨对祖国的关注和认同,进而促进华侨爱国主义思想和民族主义的产生和发展方面发挥了巨大作用。保皇派的活动对华侨政治认同有积极的影响。     

Regulating Regional Uneven Development and the Politics of Reconfiguring Belgian State Space

Abstract: This article mobilises a strategic‐relational approach to state spatial restructuring to overcome the weaknesses of the conventional “New Regionalist” account in economic geography of the resurgence of the region as a strategic site for economic governance. Focusing on hegemonic projects and the shifting nexus of spatial dependencies and engagements through which these are reproduced, undermined and transformed, the role and geography of political agency in state spatial restructuring is highlighted. To illustrate this point, I analyse the construction of new regional state spaces in Belgium, paying particular attention to the hegemonic projects that create a social basis for particular state spaces, the construction of collective agency on different scales (Belgian‐national and Flemish‐regional) and the various ways in which these processes are informed by pre‐existing state spatial and scalar selectivities.     

Archaeopedological analyses around a Neolithic hearth and the beginning of Sabaean irrigation in the oasis of Ma'rib (Ramlat as-Sab'atayn,Yemen)

Archaeopedological analyses in the oasis of Ma'rib (Yemen) yield new information of Neolithic land use, Bronze Age soil formation, and Sabaean irrigation. The AMS radiocarbon age of a Neolithic fireplace buried under Sabaean irrigation sediments in the Southern oasis indicates Pre-Sabaean human activities in Wadi Dhana about 5600 years ago. The associated Mid-Holocene palaeosol, developed in fluvial sediments of Wadi Dhana and also in the filling of the hearth, marks the Bronze Age-land surface before it was covered with irrigation sediments. Based on AMS radiocarbon data from charcoal in reservoir sediments of the “Great Dam” and an estimated time span of pedogenesis of the Mid-Holocene palaeosol in this region, we propose the beginning of the irrigation in Ma'rib in the period of 2500–1000 cal yr BC.     

论释赞宁《宋高僧传》的史料价值

释赞宁《宋高僧传》承继梁代释慧皎《高僧传》、唐代释道宣《续高僧传》而作,是记载唐初至北宋初三百多年间佛教僧人精英的总传。要了解佛教在中国的生存发展情况离不开佛教史籍,同时佛教与社会生活密切相关,所以《宋传》成为研究唐代至宋初中国佛教史、政治史、经济史、文化史、历史学等方面的重要资料。