TENURE SECURITY INTERVENTIONS IN CAMBODIA: TESTING BEBBINGTON'S APPROACH TO DEVELOPMENT GEOGRAPHY

The relationship between the development industry and the problems it claims to address is problematic. Development studies have often found development practice systematically misrepresenting its context with the result that interventions are out of kilter with reality and fail. In a series of articles in the early 2000s Antony Bebbington suggested development geographers attend to the spatial distribution of development interventions by mapping and explaining immanent development, mapping and explaining intentional development and studying the relationships between them. This article uses the case of property rights interventions in Cambodia to examine the extent that Bebbington's approach might explain development interventions and their relationship to the contexts into which they are inserted. Primary data consist of interviews with key actors involved in decisions over the locations of these interventions. Secondary data consist of reports and databases showing their geographical spread, and political and social science literature explaining the main transitions in recent Cambodian history. The main empirical finding is that the interventions, land titling and community forestry, have not been implemented in the places where the problems they are claimed to address are located. The methodological reflection is that Bebbington's approach valuably challenges policy narratives that tend to smooth space and conceal unevenness. However, it provides only a broad theoretical framework rather than any theoretical content. The approach may only realize its potential when Bebbington and others begin to apply it to generate hypotheses and theory. A new hypothesis emerging from the Cambodian case is briefly introduced in this regard.     

Apparent and actual disease landscapes. Some reflections on the geographical definition of health and disease

Like geographical analysis in general, medical geography is based on the assumption that location is the first clue to causal analysis. Against a background of two empirical studies, one dealing with a group of ALS cases and the other with a group of leukaemia cases, this paper argues that it is insufficient to define disease occurrence in spatial terms, referring to patients' places of residence at the time of onset. Since exposure and effect are related to both time and place, geographical studies of ill health in modern society are complicated by high mobility, long periods of latency and environmental change which might cause a distortion between cause and effect. Therefore a different approach is required.     

The structuring of political territory in early printed atlases

Abstract

The atlas emerged as a cartographic and bibliographic response to early modern Europeans’ search for geographical order in a rapidly changing world. In particular, atlases were mediators in the restructuring of European ideas about political territory which culminated in the emergence (by the end of the eighteenth century) of the territorial state and its progeny, the nation‐state. For more than two centuries atlases defined political territories ever more precisely for their readers and expressed hierarchical relationships among those territories, while giving form to the political territoriality and geopolitical orientations of particular nations.     

Trade and culture: the ongoing debate

ABSTRACT

The debate over how to reconcile trade liberalization with cultural policy is a long-standing one. There is great variation in how countries have navigated this debate. Furthermore, evolving individual policy approaches show noteworthy dynamism, largely in response to domestic politics, shifts in the international trading system and technological developments. This special issue explores different approaches to the trade and culture debate across geographic space, as well as the evolution across time through analysis of six cases – Canada, the European Union, South Africa, Latin America, the United States and China.     

旅游地理学视角下第二居所旅居研究

后现代流动性范式下，旅游正经历从单一化的观光到多元化的生活方式转变，旅游与日常生活的界限逐步被打破。一种基于“休闲度假”与“居住生活”为一体的第二居所旅居现象方兴未艾，并因其独特的流动性特征及引发的新的“人-地”互动关系，引起学界的高度关注。本文在对国内外第二居所旅居发展历程进行梳理的基础上，以旅游地理学“人-地”关系为研究脉络，对第二居所旅居研究内容进行归纳，并总结出基于“人-地”关系的研究内容体系。对比国内外研究成果，发现我国现有研究对第二居所旅居引发的新的“人-地”关系关注相对较少，整体上还处于起步阶段。最后，基于旅游地理学的本质特征，按照人地关系理论的“要素与结构-特性与演化-作用与机制-协调与优化”的研究主线，对未来第二居所旅居研究提出展望，以期形成具有旅游地理学特色的第二居所旅居研究的理论体系。     

美国人口地理学的近期进展

20世纪90年代以来,美国人口地理学的研究领域和研究方法有了新的发展。本文首先简要回顾了美国人口地理学的发展历史,然后重点对20世纪90年代以来美国人口地理学的新发展作了详细阐述和评价;并在此基础上指出了我国人口地理学应该借鉴的方面。     

新世纪地理学的新思路新观念新战略

文章阐述了新世纪是一个以知识经济为主体的世纪,用知识经济地理学的观点审视新世纪,新世纪的内涵将赋于地理学新的研究内容。面对这种形势,地理学用哲学观点,周密思考,精心研究,潜心探索其发展的新思路。新思路打开了地理学正视现实,面向新世纪的新视野、新领域,从而产生了一系列的新思路和新观念。地理学有了新思路和新观念,必然探索其发展的新战略。地理学有了新思想、新观念、新战略,就可以在新世纪滚滚而来的知识经济浪潮里抢抓机遇,开拓进取,勇于创新,并确立其应有的学科地位,这样,才能迎来一个灿烂美好的明天。否则,新世纪的到来,将预示着地理学进入危机时代。     

城市演进的区位因素探析——以历史文化名城徐州为例

无论是在城市的产生还是发展中,区位及其变化都发挥着十分重要的作用。对于徐州这个"五省通衢"、历史文化名城之地而言,其意义更为突出。本文从剖析影响城市演进的区位因素出发,着重探讨了交通、政治、军事和自然等几种区位变化对徐州城市历史兴衰的具体作用,并根据未来区位变化的主要特点,提出了21世纪初徐州城市发展的基本走向。     

基于GIS的黄土塬区居民点空间分布研究

借助GIS的空间分析功能,对黄土塬区居民点进行空间分布研究,得出黄土塬区居民点空间分布是随机的,决定这种分布的主要因素是地形地貌,历史继承性也对本区居民点空间分布有一定的影响,并指出在黄土塬区小城镇体系的建设中,城镇布局应主要考虑地形因素,同时也应注意城镇布局遵循经济地理区位论理论,以利于区域经济发展的需要。     

人文地理研究能为制订国家政策作贡献：——以城市发展方针研究为例

本文综述了我国关于城市发展方针的争论和最新动态。作者以自己多年来围绕中国城市发展方针的研究为例,说明人文地理学能够为国家制订政策作贡献。其感受是要敢于面对问题;通过深入研究,有站得住脚的观点;要坚持不懈,不怕坐冷板凳。