浅谈现代生活中的电子技术新应用

随着社会进入信息化及电子智能化时代,电子技术发展越来越迅速,应用越来越广泛,对人类生活的影响也更加深远。节能减排、保护环境,是全世界、全人类共同关心的问题,也是我国社会经济发展的重要问题。     

贵州银行研究(1941-1949)

1941年重组的贵州银行按照股份制公司形式组建、依照现代银行管理模式进行管理。该银行总行设于贵阳,在省内外共设立了30多处分支机构、办事处与通汇处,在全国范围内形成了广泛的业务网络。贵州银行虽仅经营数载,但对促进贵州现代金融业的发展,为现代技术的运用、为贵州经济的发展及转型发挥了独特的作用。     

何以西北?——国史上西北情结的渊源

情结是一种根深蒂固的心理依恋,是一种无以名状的思维偏向。"西北情结"是国史中一个发端悠久、影响深远的历史情结,即对西北广博历史背景和深厚文化积淀的情感纠葛、执著眷顾。秦汉以降,每逢国祚不宁或朝纲兴替,如宋室南迁之后、明清易代之际、近代内忧外患之时,国人常常抚今思远、吊古怀旧,追念立国西北而抚柔天下之盛景。这种不时被国人唤醒的西北情结,追根溯源,实乃萌动于远古历史传说,滥觞于商周青铜文化,生成于秦汉帝国构造时代。     

Economic geography and the evolution of networks

An evolutionary perspective on economic geography requires adynamic understanding of change in networks. This article explorestheories of network evolution for their use in geography anddevelops the conceptual framework of geographical network trajectories.It specifically assesses how tie selection constitutes the evolutionaryprocess of retention and variation in network structure andhow geography affects these mechanisms. Finally, a typologyof regional network formations is used to discuss opportunitiesfor innovation in and across regions.     

‘Affirmative Signalling’: Dickens’s Railway Journalism and Victorian Risk Society

This essay explores Charles Dickens’s railway journalism of the 1850s and 1860s and its differences from his more well-known fictional accounts of the British railway network. While fictional works such as Dombey and Son and ‘The Signalman’ emphasize the catastrophic aspects of railway accidents, Dickens’s journalism in Household Words and All the Year Round examines the modern systematicity of the railway network, which by its nature as system, necessitated accidents on the lines. The essay incorporates theoretical readings of risk by Ulrich Beck and Paul Virilio into its critical assessment of Dickens’s railway journalism. Fundamentally, it aims to demonstrate that Dickens’s railway journalism illuminates the complexity of Victorian narratives of technological and bureaucratic industrial and transport systems by prioritizing the global dimensions of systematic accidents over the period’s tendencies to focus merely on local accidental events.     

Participation and Political Influence in Complex Governance Systems

Public policy generally emerges from interactions among actors embedded within complex governance systems, composed of multiple actors and forums (issue‐based arenas where stakeholders repeatedly interact to resolve collective action problems). Such systems allow actors multiple forums wherein they can influence policy decisions. But actors do not value the decisions made in each forum equally, and it remains unclear how actors allocate resources across forums. This article links actor strategy to their influence within the forums the actors identify as most important (their primary forum). There is theoretical ambiguity about how actors invest their limited resources across the forums that affect their interests to maximize primary forum influence. Do they concentrate all their effort within the primary forum or participate more broadly? To answer this question, we offer two competing theories. First, broad participation may allow actors to develop political capital necessary to influence other actors and thus influence primary forum policies. The second approach notes the opportunity costs of broad participation—actors have fewer resources to invest in their primary forum. An analysis of stakeholder participation in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta and Tampa Bay Watershed governance systems demonstrates that broader participation is associated with greater primary forum influence.     

Network position and innovation capability in the regional innovation network

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the positioning of actors characterized by different natures in a regional innovation network and explores how these actors improve their innovation capabilities by assuming prominence or brokering positions. Innovation capability is widely seen to be the driving force in building regional competitive advantage, therefore investigating how the positioning of actors improves their innovation-related activities is relevant in terms of regional competitiveness. This paper builds on a survey conducted on the Sicilian regional area in Italy. A questionnaire was used to collect data concerning the relationships established between actors and the extent to which these relationships impact actors’ innovation capability. Results suggest that regional actors cannot be considered as a homogeneous group regarding their positioning in a regional network and that the innovation benefits of assuming different network positions depend on their nature. This paper offers some theoretical implications to the literature on regional innovation network and practical suggestions to organizations and regional policy makers.     

Fixing the territory,a turning point: The paradoxes of the Wichí maps of the Argentine Chaco

Indigenous mapping is a powerful political tool for long-marginalized populations to create visibility and establish land claims. In the case of Argentina, a country that was built on a denial of the presence of Indigenous peoples in the national territory, the emergence of these maps stemming from participatory processes coincided with the recognition of these communities' territorial rights in 1994. However, this mapping of Indigenous territories freezes extremely dynamic and complex socio-spatial realities just as it inflects their representations. In this paper, I reassess the weight and the role that Indigenous cartographic representations play in the evolution of these populations' spatial capital. Paradoxically, they give rise to more contradictions than they clarify. These paradoxes demonstrate the varied relationships different generations maintain with their territory, just as they concern its structure and its cartographic form. Therefore, based on the case of the Wichí of the Argentinian Chaco, this paper contributes to the understanding of contemporary issues of indigeneity by adopting a critical approach to Indigenous cartography. Whereas in Argentina cartographic knowledge is undergoing a process of decolonization, this does not apply to the legal system or to society as a whole.     

菲律宾华商网络中“头家制度”的经济学探析(1834—1942)

论文借助“博弈论”工具,结合案例分析,探讨了自1834年马尼拉开港到1942年二战菲律宾沦陷期间,“头家制度”的形成及其稳定性。研究显示,“头家制度”是建立在血缘、地缘以及华商之间信任和利益关系基础上的,其与西方基于契约基础上的信用有着本质的区别。在“头家制度”中,通过委托各地的代理商,头家一方面获得了用以出口的产品,另一方面又将进口商品通过代理商顺利地销售到菲律宾各地,不仅解决了货物流通问题,而且有效降低了交易成本。“头家制度”与华商网络之间的良性互动,最终实现了菲律宾华商杰出的商业成就。由于菲律宾华商非常注重信用和长期利益,他们之间的商业联系牢固而稳定,这不仅有效降低了华商之间的交易成本,提高了商业活动的效率,而且最终形成了一个由马尼拉向菲律宾各地辐射的菲律宾华商网络。