安徽凤阳汤和墓出土一件元青花瓷的修复

安徽凤阳汤和墓出土的一件元代青花瓷,出土信息完整,文物价值、史料价值都非常高,但口沿有破损,有旧修未补缺情况。为了修复它,遵循"文物最小干预原则",对此器物进行"可鉴别修复"。通过立档、拆分、清洗、粘接、补缺、作色、作釉等修复步骤,将蒸汽清洗技术应用于局部除环氧树脂,效果明显,使用硅粉代替滑石粉将显著提高补配部分的硬度,为文物延长寿命。修复后,使这一元青花瓷重现文物完整的风貌,又保存了文物历史痕迹,这将为我国文物修复工作带来新的面貌。     

河南巩义市白河窑遗址发掘简报

2005年4月至2008年3月,河南省文物考古研究所与中国文化遗产研究院合作,对巩义白河窑进行了考古发掘。清理窑炉6座,灰坑、灶、沟等110余个。该窑址首次发现了烧制白瓷和青瓷的北魏窑炉及其产品、以及唐青花瓷器和唐三彩马俑等,取得了重要的考古收获。     

土耳其的近代化:一般道路与特殊问题

奥斯曼帝国上层人物推行的旨在富国强兵的改革揭开了土耳其近代化的序幕,土耳其开始了从传统农牧业社会向现代工业社会的转变。这也是近代其他落后国家曾面临的共同选择,所走的一般道路,并无特殊之处。然而,从奥斯曼帝国瓦解到土耳其新生,这一过程中遇到的问题与其他国家和地区完全不同。影响土耳其近代化的主要因素包括:生产关系变革的自身条件不足,自强改革运动走了弯路,社会经济转型的阻力大于动力;在世界体系中的半边缘化地位的制约。奥斯曼土耳其特殊的地缘环境、特殊的政治宗教因素,以及卷入第一次世界大战造成的严重后果,决定了土耳其社会发展的步伐和走势。     

A Review of “Never Enough”

Abstract

Three of Alasdair MacIntyre's published essays help to illuminate his critique of modern liberal individualism Liberalism, in the name of freedom, inculcates indifference to the developmental social needs of human agents, denies the ties that bind members of society to the common good, and prevents political communities from pursuing common goods effectively. Rather than freeing individuals for self-government, liberalism leaves the government of the community's goods to unacknowledged elites. Liberation demands self-government and self-government requires the virtues, which are formed, in part, through the community's shared pursuit of common goods.     

Robustness of Social‐Ecological Systems: Implications for Public Policy

We conceptualize social‐ecological systems (SESs) as complex adaptive systems where public policy affects and is affected by the biophysical system in which it is embedded. The study of robustness of SESs combines insights from various disciplines including economics, political science, ecology, and engineering. In this paper we present an approach that can be used to explore the implications for public policy when viewed as a component of a complex adaptive system. Our approach leverages the Institutional Analysis and Development framework to provide a platform for interdisciplinary research that focuses on system‐wide outcomes of the policy process beyond just policy change. The main message is that building robustness can create new vulnerabilities. Fail‐free policies cannot be developed, and instead of a focus on the “right” policy, we need to think about policy processes that stimulate experimentation, adaptation, and learning.     

Studies in British imperial history. Essays in honour of A.P. Thornton

This article examines the disputes amongst Irish Presbyterians about the teaching of moral philosophy by Professor John Ferrie in the college department of the Royal Belfast Academical Institution in the early nineteenth century and the substantive philosophical and theological issues that were raised. These issues have largely been ignored by Irish historians, but a discussion of them is of general relevance to historians of ideas as they illuminate a series of broader questions about the definition and development of Scottish philosophy. These are represented in the move from two philosophers who had strong connections with Irish Presbyterianism—Francis Hutcheson, the early eighteenth-century moral sense philosopher and theological moderate from County Down, and James McCosh, nineteenth-century exponent of modified Common Sense philosophy at Queen's College Belfast and a committed evangelical. In particular, this article addresses three important themes—the definition and character of ‘the Scottish philosophy’, the relationship between evangelicalism and Common Sense philosophy, and the process of development and adaptation that occurred in eighteenth-century Scottish thought during the first half of the nineteenth century.     

关于青花起源的思考

关于青花的起源,长期来一直有中国起源说和外来技术影响说两种意见。本文着重从低温釉陶生产技术源流和对青料的使用出发,论证了最早出现在巩县窑的唐青花瓷器,只是北魏以来低温釉陶生产技术在新条件下的新产物。认定唐青花的出现是外来绘画理论和绘画技术影响中国艺坛的结果。     

河南出土宋代青白瓷及相关问题

河南发现的宋代青白瓷,分景德镇类型和河南窑场的产品两类。景德镇类型青白瓷是江南青白瓷通过贸易流通到中原来的,此类青白瓷在河南发现较少,这应和北宋时期战乱及自然灾害频发有关。河南窑场出土的青白瓷受到了景德镇湖田窑青白瓷工艺影响,并在本地产生、发展、成熟,形成了具有中原地方特色的青白瓷。     

前资本主义社会历史规律的求索——马克垚先生与历史比较研究

马克垚先生是我国历史比较研究的开拓者之一。多年来,他基于“前资本主义诸形态的政治经济学”的学术构想,开创出宽阔的“求同”学术理路,对中西封建社会进行诸多深入的比较考察。他在这一领域中的重要建树,在很大程度上廓清了西方学理模式的偏见及其对我国史学界的影响,深化了对封建时代中西历史异同的认识,促进了对封建社会历史规律的探索,推动了中国史学界历史比较研究的发展。     

欧洲民族共和思想探源

“共和”在欧洲政治思想史上具有深厚的历史根源。在千百年分散聚合的历史进程中,共和思想对于欧洲诸多民族始终具有强大的凝聚力。文章以希腊罗马、意大利城邦和近代英法为例,厘清欧洲共和思想的历史脉络。文章认为,在历史沉浮与现实需求的背景下,“共和”是欧洲民族从共同利益走向共同体的历史根源和必然趋势,同时也是世界历史向着多元均衡方向和谐发展的重要依据。