论蓝鼎元的海洋经世思想

蓝鼎元是清代前期著名学者,他的著述中蕴含着丰富的海洋经世思想。他主张加强海防,肃清海盗;开放海禁,足民裕国;开发和治理宝岛台湾,增强国家的海洋防卫力量;实行海运,发展海洋贸易等。蓝鼎元的海洋经世思想是从海洋寻求发展国计民生的方法,他以海洋思维来考察中国面临的问题和挑战,并从海洋视角来寻求中国发展的方向,符合时代发展的客观要求。     

Seasonal Patterns of Coastal Exploitation on the Farasan Islands,Saudi Arabia

Here we present the results of the analysis of coastal exploitation patterns in the southern Red Sea during the Middle Holocene. We focus on the shell midden cluster of the Farasan Islands, Saudi Arabia, which comprises over 3,000 shell midden sites. These sites date from 6,500 to 4,500 cal BP and are part of an arid landscape. We focus on one site, JW1727, which provides a snapshot of marine exploitation and will help to understand the use of food resources within the region. Stable isotope values (δ¹⁸O) were collected from the marine gastropod Conomurex fasciatus (Born 1778), which represents 72% of shell weight of JW1727, in order to reconstruct the season of capture. Results demonstrate that 1) every season is represented within the dataset; and 2) there is increased C. fasciatus deposition during the summer and autumn months. This indicates a diet consisting of C. fasciatus throughout the year in combination with other food sources and an increase of the C. fasciatus component during the arid seasons, possibly linked to the unavailability of vegetation. Additionally, size measurements of C. fasciatus were carried out to examine changes in size distribution throughout the occupation of the site that could be related to overexploitation of C. fasciatus. However, no significant trends could be observed. In sum, the results suggest a sustainable and constant habitation of the Farasan Islands despite the highly arid conditions.     

对创建青海地区民族新文化的思考

青海少数民族传统文化在推动拳地区经济社会发展中起到了积极的作用,但其中存在的落后过时的内容,也在一定程度上阻碍了社会发展的进程。在现代化的建设过程中,发展并创新民族文化,对于一个地区经济社会的发展无疑具有重大的现实意义。     

Cranioskeletal Size Variation in San Francisco Bay Prehistory: Relation to Calcium Deficit in the Reconstructed High-seafoods Diet and Demographic Stress

An osteometric–statistical study of residual rickets (RR) skeletal plasticity has been made of a time-ordered sequence of 11 series of adult skeleton sets (n=251) from shellmound sites around San Francisco Bay (the Bay) spanning the three archaeological horizons of Central California Indian prehistory in this region: Early (EH), Middle (MH) and Late (LH). To control for major differences of subsistence ecology and ethnolinguistic affiliation, the Bay sequence was further subdivided into four subregions: East (EB, Costanoan), South (SB, Costanoan, high acorns), West (WB, Costanoan, low acorns) and Northwest (NWB, Coast Miwok). In the eight EB series, a non-linear downward trend in cranioskeletal size was observed between EH and LH2, coinciding with a modest upward trend in the RR-15B score. To ascertain if food calcium deficit (CADEF) can explain the observed secular decline in cranioskeletal size, the evolving aboriginal Bay archaeodiet—relatively high in marine mammals, birds, fish and calcium-rich mollusks—was reconstructed by the diet grid method: in the three subregions with large stands of oaks (EB, SB, NWB), CADEF rose from negligible in the EH to moderate in the LH, as the subsistence base became more dependent on leached acorn meal for energy. Temporal and areal variation in Bay cranioskeletal size relates mostly to CADEF, demographic stress in females (DS), and the ‘male nutritional advantage interaction co-factor’ (MNAIC), in descending order of importance. This study has also confirmed the existence of the San Francisco Bay Indian physical type.     

东部沿海地区农业结构变动特征及区域差异分析

2005年东部沿海地区农、林、牧、渔产值比重是49.5:3.2:29.7:17.6,农业结构逐步得到优化。本文分析了农业结构系数与农民人均纯收入、人均GDP的关系,揭示了经济发达地区农业结构变动特征及其地域差异性,发现差异性主要表现在农业部门的变动趋势和农业结构的变化率;并根据比较优势理论,分析了地区间农业部门的比较优势,这也是未来区域农业结构优化布局的主要依据。     

发挥海洋旅游资源优势,加快大连旅游业发展

21世纪是海洋经济时代,海洋旅游是海洋产业群的重要组成部分有广阔的发展前景。本文论述了海洋旅游业的重要性,分析了大连市海洋旅游资源的特点,在此基础上,提出了海洋旅游产品开发的对策。     

浅谈我国藏区开发中的制约因素与应对策略

西部大开发是一项得民心、顺民意的世纪工程,也是我国西部民族地区期待已久的造福工程。然而作为开发主体之一的藏区,对这一战略工程的认识还有待进一步提高,实施力度还有待进一步加大。本文试图寻找解决问题的出路,以推动藏区经济社会的全面发展。