西方社会科学研究范式与中国旅游本土化研究

研究方法是旅游研究者顺利开展旅游研究的必备工具,具体的研究方法又受到特定的研究范式的制约,中国的旅游研究者在努力掌握各种研究方法时,往往对其背后的方法论和研究范式缺乏了解,从而限制了研究水平的提高。本文认为,中国旅游研究者要想提高研究水平,必须首先系统理解西方的科学哲学思潮和研究范式,在此基础上,再采用本土化和跨文化的研究策略。     

旅游文学研究述评

从20世纪90年代中期开始,国内对旅游文学研究在研究基础、内容、方法以及应用上都有很大的拓展和深化。在查阅国内十余年来众多相关研究文献的基础上,从旅游文学的专著和教材、内涵和发展、旅游与文学的关系和旅游文学的应用价值、研究的时空范围和学科边界、作家作品及专题研究等方面进行了系统的总结。最后提出旅游文学未来研究和发展的主要方向。     

区域视角下的国内外饭店业研究进展

目前,国内外学术界对饭店业的研究多局限于微观层面的饭店单体经营管理方面,对宏观和中观层面区域视角下的饭店业研究相对不足,基础理论和研究方法未成体系,影响了饭店业研究的全面性和系统性。从国内外区域饭店业的研究成果来看,国外研究关注的领域比国内要"后现代",如环境保护、能源利用、危机管理等,国内研究关注较多的则是饭店结构失衡、空间布局、阶段演进等问题。展望未来,区域饭店业研究的理论和实证两方面均有待创新突破。     

中国节庆旅游研究进展

20世纪90年代以来,节庆旅游日益受到国内学术界的广泛重视,研究内容全面、成果显著。本文试从节庆旅游的概念界定、特点和功能、影响机制、策划和运作等方面,对国内已有的研究成果进行综述,并提出今后节庆旅游的研究中一些亟待解决的问题。     

"负责任旅游"概念的起源与发展

负责任旅游是近年一些国家大力提倡的旅游发展观,而我国对这个概念还比较陌生。本文主要从负责任旅游这一概念提出的背景出发,探讨了不同个人和旅游组织从各自角度出发对负责任旅游概念的解释,然后对负责任旅游概念的发展以及不同阶段的特征进行了概括和总结。     

《明史·礼志》史实考误

张廷玉《(明史·礼志》是迄今影响最大的专门记载明代礼制的史志文献,但其中也存在诸多史实讹误,这大大影响了其可信度和史料价值.经据《明实录》、《明会典》、《皇明典礼志》、《昭代典则》、《太常续考》、《辛L部志稿》等文献考证,可知该《志》中华书局1974年点校本第47-53卷仍然存在史实讹误21处.其致误之直接原因,大致有脱漏、衍文、字形相近而误等情形;但根本原因还是缘于编纂、刻印和传抄者的疏忽与粗心.     

西方乡村绅士化研究进展

绅士化概念自1990s年代被拓展应用到乡村地区的转型重构以来，引起地理学、社会学等学科的广泛关注和重视，已经成为乡村领域一条卓有成效的研究路径，而国内相关研究甚少。针对此，本文在研读西方相关文献的基础上，从概念和内涵、原因和动力、影响和效应等方面对西方乡村绅士化的研究成果进行系统梳理和归纳。然后从与城市绅士化的区别、与逆城市化的细微差异、认识的不断深入以及研究方法的演变等方面开展了乡村绅士化研究述评。最后指出西方乡村绅士化研究对我国的启示，尝试提出我国该领域亟需解决的问题及未来研究的方向，以期丰富和完善我国乡村领域的研究视野和内容体系，为顺利实施我国乡村振兴战略提供科学依据和经验借鉴。     

The Middle Stone Age of East Africa and the beginnings of regional identity

The history of research into the Middle Stone Age of East Africa and the present state of knowledge of this time period is examined for the region as a whole, with special reference to paleoenvironments. The known MSA sites and occurrences are discussed region by region and attempts are made to fit them into a more precise chronological framework and to assess their cultural affinities. The conclusion is reached that the Middle Stone Age lasted for some 150,000 years but considerably more systematic and in-depth research is needed into this time period, which is now perceived as of great significance since it appears to span the time of the evolution of anatomically Modern humans in the continent, perhaps in East Africa.     

STORY MAKES HISTORY,THEORY MAKES STORY: DEVELOPING RÜSEN'S HISTORIK IN LOGICAL AND SEMIOTIC DIRECTIONS

This essay will argue that the traditional opposition between narrative and theory in historical sciences is dissolved if we conceive of narratives as theoretical devices for understanding events in time through special concepts that abridge typical sequences of events. I shall stress, in the context of the Historical Knowledge Epistemological Square (HKES) that emerged with the scientization of history, that history is always narrative, story has a theoretical ground of itself, and scientific histories address the need for a conceptual progression in ever‐improved narratives. This will lead to identification of three major theoretical levels in historical stories: naming, plotting (or emplotment), and formalizing. We revisit Jörn Rüsen's theory of history as the best starting point, and explore to what extent it could be developed by (i) taking a deeper look into narratological knowledge, and (ii) reanalyzing logically the conceptual strata in order to bridge the overrated Forschung/Darstellung (research/exposition) divide. The corollary: we should consider (scientific) historical writing as the last step of historical research, not as the next step after research is over. This thesis will drive us to a reconsideration of the German Historik regarding the problem of interpretation and exposition. Far from alienating history from science, narrative links history positively to anthropology and biology. The crossing of our triad name‐plot‐model with Rüsen's four theoretical levels (categories‐types‐concepts‐names) points to the feasibility of expanding Rüsen's Historik in logical and semiotic directions. Story makes history, theory makes story, and historical reason may proceed.     

Doubts about How the Middle Horizon Collapsed (ca. A.D. 1000) and Other Insights from the Looted Cemeteries of the Lower Ica Valley,South Coast of Peru

This paper presents new information from funerary contexts in the lower Ica Valley, on the south coast of Peru, spanning two millennia from the end of the Early Horizon to the Late Intermediate Period. Although severely looted, these sites can still yield valuable information. We discuss their architecture and material culture in the context of radiocarbon dates. Among other findings, these cast new light on the poorly understood transition from the Middle Horizon to the Late Intermediate Period, for which a paucity of archaeological data from ca. a.d. 1000–1250 has long been taken as evidence of an environmentally- or socially-induced demographic collapse. Yet the data we present here suggest that the basins of the lower Ica Valley were likely occupied continuously over this period, and that the echoes of Wari influence here may have lasted longer than previously thought.