非线性编辑系统在多媒体教学片中的应用

文章论述了非线性编辑系统运用于电视教学片制作中的优点和特点,在进行教学片的后期制作中所需注意的要点和电视教学片的摄、制一般步骤;描述了非线性编辑系统作为计算机技术与电视摄像技术相结合的成果,逐步成为以教育技术为主的多媒体影视制作的重要工具和技术手段;提出了非线性编辑技术在课堂教学、实践教学、自学教育、远程教育等技术领域中广阔的的应用前景。     

当代科技的特点及其对经济发展的影响

科学技术已渗透到我们生活的各个领域,当代科技的产生和发展正在影响着整个世界的经济格局。落后国家要在当代的科技发展中占有一席之地,只有了解当代科技的特征,选择适合自身特点的技术领域,通过加大技术创新的力度,才能在新的世界经济格局中寻找到立足之地。     

X射线显微CT成像技术在金属文物制作工艺研究与腐蚀状态评估中的应用

金属腐蚀过程不仅受环境等外部因素的影响,制作工艺、合金组成及缺陷等内部因素同样起着重要作用。为实现金属文物制作工艺和内部腐蚀状态的可视化研究,运用X射线显微CT对铜镜文物碎片以及出土、海洋出水铁质文物样品进行扫描探测,并结合X射线荧光、X射线衍射等检测手段,开展金属文物材质、工艺及矿化程度的综合分析。结果表明,在显微CT影像重建基础上,通过设定不同的阈值,可实现文物内部缺陷、腐蚀矿化程度等内部信息的测量统计。该方法可为金属文物材质、制作工艺研究和腐蚀状态评估提供无损的研究手段。     

传世纺织品文物除尘方法研究——以湖蓝色缎绣凤纹大卧单为例

传世纺织品文物表面蒙尘、污染是一种较为普遍的病害。除尘成为了传世纺织品文物保护修复过程中极为重要的一环。针对不同状态的文物,如何安全、有效、便捷地进行除尘工作成了本研究的方向。本工作主要研究原陈设于养心殿体顺堂的湖蓝色缎绣凤纹大卧单的除尘方法。首先,对现有传世纺织品文物的物理除尘方法进行归纳,总结为5种类型：吸尘法、擦拭法、震动法、粘附法和凝胶法。其次,对该文物进行全面研究,包括制作工艺、图案样式、病害分析、试验检测等。研究结果为：该文物是双层罩面罩里加四周缝网穗制作,面主要为绒线绣、捻线绣花鸟纹;黄色绣线出现合成染料酸性偶氮染料,推测可能是19世纪末至20世纪初生产;绣线纤维强度较好,绣底局部糟朽,具备一定除尘条件。再次,通过除尘实验对比博物馆专用吸尘器、真空负压液态过滤除尘设备、超细纤维布作用文物的除尘效果。实验结果确定除尘方法为：首先用博物馆专用吸尘器进行第一遍的初步除尘,然后用真空负压液态过滤除尘设备进行第二遍的精细除尘。最后,结合文物织造、刺绣的工艺特点,将文物局部特征分类为：缎底、缎面开裂、压瓣、出边、水路、绒线绣线、加捻绣线、打籽绣,并研究分析针对它们的除尘手法。相比以往...     

石鼓山青铜器铭文铸作工艺初识

石鼓山周墓出土较多青铜器铭文,整理金文资料时观察到铭文形制有别,经过分析注意到其差别是因铸作工艺不同所致。直接刻于范上所铸铭文即一般所说之阳文,属于范刻工艺。而阴文则是刻于模芯翻范后再铸。但晚商及西周早期多在修范时会加工字形,就是在字划贴塑泥条致笔画加粗而轮廓清晰,往往有肥笔现象则属"芯塑"工艺,不加泥条修范的文字笔画僵硬,属于模刻工艺。三类工艺技术的运用,以范刻最早可至中商,且一直可见;芯塑流行于晚商到西周早期;模刻也见于晚商及西周早期但较少,西周中期以后至春秋一直流行。     

Our GIS is too small

GIScience and GISystems have been successful in tackling many geographical problems over the last 30 years. But technologies and associated theory can become limiting if they end up defining how we see the world and what we believe are worthy and tractable research problems. This paper explores some of the limitations currently impacting GISystems and GIScience from the perspective of technology and community, contrasting GIScience with other informatics communities and their practices. It explores several themes: (i) GIScience and the informatics revolution; (ii) the lack of a community‐owned innovation platform for GIScience research; (iii) the computational limitations imposed by desktop computing and the inability to scale up analysis; (iv) the continued failure to support the temporal dimension, and especially dynamic processes and models with feedbacks; (v) the challenge of embracing a wider and more heterogeneous view of geographical representation and analysis; and (vi) the urgent need to foster an active software development community to redress some of these shortcomings. A brief discussion then summarizes the issues and suggests that GIScience needs to work harder as a community to become more relevant to the broader geographic field and meet a bigger set of representation, analysis, and modelling needs.     

明代石拱桥永昌桥的加固修缮技术研究

为明晰明代石拱桥的结构性能,并提出适宜的加固修缮方法,以典型的明代石拱桥永昌桥为例进行研究。首先对其进行精确测绘,获得其准确可靠的几何信息;然后对其建筑形制、构造工艺及残损状况进行研究,为结构性能分析提供依据;接着利用ANSYS软件建立永昌桥主体结构的有限元模型,进行包括荷载影响分析、重要度分析和裂缝分析的结构性能研究;最后基于现状分析和结构性能研究,通过对比拱背套钢筋混凝土拱加固法和拱背粘贴碳纤维布加固法对石拱桥的结构性能的影响,提出了明代石拱桥永昌桥的加固修缮方法。研究成果可为同类型石拱桥的加固修缮提供参考。     

The volcanic millstones from the archaeological site of Morgantina (Sicily): provenance and evolution of the milling techniques in the Mediterranean area*

The Morgantina archaeological area, inhabited from the Early Bronze Age, had its widest expansion from the fifth to the first century bc . The volcanic millstones found at Morgantina fall into three different groups on the basis of the milling technique: (i) saddle querns (known from the Middle–Late Bronze Age and Iron Age); (ii) rectangular hopper‐rubbers (Olynthian) millstones, the invention of which dates to the fifth century bc ; and finally (iii) Morgantina‐type rotary millstones (starting to be used from the fourth to the third century bc ). In order to determine the provenance of the raw materials (lavas) used for all these millstone types, we collected 38 very small rock samples for thin‐section modal mineralogy, petrography and major trace element composition. The results have contributed to classifying different lithotypes and distinguishing between provenance from Etna and the Hyblean Mountains, the two volcanic areas respectively north‐east and south‐east of Morgantina. Saddle querns are made of tholeiitic basaltic andesites from the Hyblean Mountains and transitional basalts, mugearites and hawaiites from Etna. The variety of sources of portable saddle querns, mostly used in households, indicate that there was no general preference for specific quarrying sites. By contrast, the rectangular hopper‐rubber and the Morgantina‐type millstones, which document the period of Morgantina's greatest prosperity, are almost completely made of hawaiites from Etna. The use of a specific lithotype (i.e., Etna hawaiite) for the more efficient rectangular hopper‐rubber and rotary millstones could be linked to the fact that these mills may have been operated in business establishments. It is worth noting that the Gornalunga river was, in antiquity, a waterway joining Morgantina to the final stretch of the Simeto river and then the Ionian coast. The best candidate areas for the millstone hawaiite quarrying sites from Etna are the far south‐western sectors of the volcano, along the Simeto Valley (i.e., the ‘Piano Provenzana’ Formation) or the inner suburb of present‐day Catania (i.e., the ‘Pietracannone’ Formation). The very efficient Morgantina‐type rotary millstones spread during the reign of Hieron II of Syracuse (275–215 bc ) in eastern Sicily and met the need for grinding large quantities of cereals during a relatively peaceful time and a period of agricultural development.     

古建油饰彩画的制作技术分析研究

为了对中国特有的古建油饰彩画制作技术加深了解,促进古建油饰彩画传统工艺科学化,采用X射线衍射仪、X射线荧光光谱仪、扫描电镜、体视显微镜等仪器对采自蒙古博格达汗宫博物馆、北京颐和园、甘肃嘉峪关、山西太符观等古代建筑的油饰彩画样品的制作技术进行了分析研究。结果表明,测试的样品分别采用了一麻五灰、一布四灰、单披灰等多种工艺制作地仗;麻纤维广泛应用于样品纤维层中,仅样品YHY-22使用了棉布;颐和园和博格达汉宫博物馆的样品以砖灰作为地仗无机填料,嘉峪关样品使用了白土粉,而山西古建样品则可能使用当地的土壤。可以得出结论:几个地区古建油饰彩画的制作材料和技术是有所不同的。     

论两汉时期皖南铜与皖南经济

皖南地区铜矿资源丰富,两汉时期的皖南属于丹阳郡,丹阳铜以质优量多而闻名全国.两汉时期皖南铜矿得到了较大规模的开采和冶炼,同时兴起了铸钱和铜镜制造业,从而扩大了皖南地方政府的财政来源,增强了皖南地区的经济实力,推动了皖南的农业和其它行业的发展,可以说皖南铜在皖南经济发展中发挥了极其重要的作用.