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301.
论旅游危机的生命周期与后评价研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
为了全面认识突发事件及其对旅游发展的影响,界定了由突发事件引起的旅游危机,将其划分为背景外源型和区域内生型;提出了旅游危机生命周期的概念,将其从生成到解除划分为5个阶段;分析了相邻年比较法在危机评价中的不足,提出了基于本底趋势线的旅游危机后评价理论。最后,以陕西秦始皇兵马俑对3次旅游危机响应为例,建立了入境旅游、国内旅游和旅游收入3条本底趋势线,完成了对1989年北京6.4事件、1998年亚洲金融危机和2003年\"非典\"三个突发事件旅游危机的后评价研究,揭示了其客流量损失、旅游收入损失及冲击的时间表,为旅游危机后评价研究提供了案例。 相似文献
302.
跑马堤墓地是位于湖北省宜城市郑集镇的一处战国至汉代墓地。该墓地出土了大量青铜器,为研究从战国到汉代青铜器的制作技术变迁提供了系统性的资料。本研究对该墓地出土的部分铜器进行了金相组织观察和元素成分分析。结果显示,战国晚期铜器的材质包括铅锡青铜和锡青铜两类,不同类型功用的器物,在材质的选择上也有所不同;西汉铜器的材质则以铅锡青铜为主,合金元素总量相对于战国晚期铜器要低,而且变化范围较大。整体上,该批铜器主要为铸造成型,但其中有3件汉代青铜容器为锻造而成,这三件锻造铜器均为敞口薄壁器物。研究结果可为汉代以后考古学和金属技术史研究提供资料,并为中国古代金属技术史演进序列的补充完善提供科学数据。 相似文献
303.
城乡关系是地理学研究的重要议题。本文运用城乡投入产出模型,构建了\"乡村支持城镇、城镇反哺乡村\"的定量模型,分析了我国1987-2012年间城乡间的经济联系。结果发现,从经济联系角度看,虽然城镇对乡村的反哺作用有了较大的提升,但总体上我国城乡关系仍处于乡村支持城镇阶段。乡村对其他服务业(如教育、医疗)的消费是导致乡村支持城镇的主要来源,且其作用有增大趋势。而城镇对农业的消费、对建筑业的投资以及纺织服装业的出口是城镇反哺乡村最主要的经济活动。因此,减轻乡村居民在其他服务业领域的支出负担,刺激城镇居民对乡村农产品的消费,保持建筑业投资力度,扩大纺织服装行业的出口水平有利于提升我国城镇反哺乡村的水平。 相似文献
304.
305.
The paper studies what kind of proximities and distances can be found in complex innovation environments. Case-study methods were used, with the research strategy building on experiences of creating a regional innovation platform aimed at development of new models for collaborative co-operation between the private, public and third sector in the context of physical-activity promotion. Building the innovation platform brought various proximities and distances between actors into focus. Distances may explain why some of the actions have not been successful or why some actions involved should be repeated several times. However, this study also highlights the role of distances as sources of various innovation. Distances and proximities are not static, and they could be exploited from a position of knowledge. 相似文献
306.
Ana Simões 《Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte》2022,45(4):581-601
This paper addresses the legendary total solar eclipse of 29 May 1919. Two British teams confirmed the light bending prediction by Albert Einstein: Charles R. Davidson and Andrew C. C. Crommelin in Sobral, Brazil and Arthur S. Eddington and Edwin T. Cottingham on the African island of Príncipe, then part of the Portuguese empire. By jointly analyzing the two astronomical expeditions supported by written and visual sources, I show how, despite extensive scholarship on this famous historical episode and the historiographical emphasis on the plural dimensions of knowledge construction, many human and non-human actors have been kept in the shadow of the eclipse. I do so by focusing on what I call knowledge from the periphery together with knowledge from below, grounded literally on how localities (sites) affect choices and events, and growing outward to encompass a wide range of participants. I show how the geopolitical status of the two nations where the observational sites were located, and specifically Portugal's condition of colonial power, affected main decisions and events, while highlighting the active role of participants, ranging from experts from the peripheries and those involved in the travels to local elites and anonymous peoples, some of whom contributed to the observation of totality. 相似文献
307.
Cultural districts are becoming an important field of study to promote a growing number of initiatives for local development. Despite substantial research in this field, knowledge gaps remain, especially with regard to initiatives at supra-urban level. Many policy-makers, funding agencies, local administrators and managers still face important design issues. This paper contributes to the developing body of theory on cultural districts in two ways. Firstly, focusing on concepts from complexity theory, it expands the debate on the conception of cultural districts as complex adaptive systems. Secondly, it highlights the dysfunctional tensions that can arise from conflicting ways of conceiving organizations, organizing and designing among ‘promoters’ and designers. We have been involved for three years in a large project aimed at designing a wide supra-urban cultural district in Italy, financed by a major banking foundation. Adopting an organizational perspective and through participative action research, we develop an explorative case study. Our core argument is that a linear, predictable and deterministic approach to analysis and design presents many limitations for such complex projects, offering learning opportunities from the design experience. 相似文献
308.
Marco te Brömmelstroet Carey Curtis Anders Larsson Dimitris Milakis 《European Planning Studies》2016,24(6):1175-1196
Accessibility instruments can play a valuable role in urban planning practice by providing a practical framework for exploring and testing relationships between land use and transport infrastructure. Despite many available accessibility instruments, they are still not widely used in planning practice. This paper explores the background of this problem by examining the findings of a EU-funded study on the usability and usefulness of existing accessibility instruments. The study applied 16 instruments in local planning contexts according to a standardized process protocol. The outcomes of these so-called experiential workshops were analysed through a standardized measurement protocol, which included participant observation along with pre- and post-workshop practitioner questionnaires. This broad investigation presents a rich analytical tool for understanding how different types of accessibility measures, spatial resolutions of output and levels of comprehensiveness affect usability and usefulness. Based on this we propose 10 technological rules that (a) can be used directly in practice to improve usability of accessibility instruments and (b) can provide hypotheses to be examined in further academic studies. Our results suggest that instead of striving for the ultimate accessibility measure, it would be more effective to identify which measures could successfully serve different user needs in accessibility planning. 相似文献
309.
后晓荣 《世界古典文明史杂志》2009,(2)
传世文献记载秦代历史地理的资料很少,有关其地方设置的郡县情况更是不清。但近几十年大量考古出土的秦文物涉及到秦代的历史地理,这就为研究秦郡县问题提供了传世文献所不能见的重要史料。本文就是利用秦文物和战国秦汉城市考古等有关资料,结合文献,首次考证秦代在燕地五郡的设县情况,以补史书之缺佚。 相似文献
310.
武少民 《古籍整理研究学刊》2009,(2):89-93
周予同在清代今文经学研究领域贡献卓著。他从清代辑佚学成果的间接推动、清代学术的“内在理路”和“外缘影响”等方面来探寻清代今文经学兴起缘由,客观而全面。周予同善于用比较的方法来论述清代今文经学的发展进程和学术特点,反映了周予同精深的治学特点。周予同充分认可清代今文学者的创造勇气、怀疑精神和强烈的时代使命感,并肯定其对转变期中国新史学发展产生的积极影响。但他同时也对清代今文学者治学的偏见和该学派的某些弊病进行了淋漓尽致的抨击,从中反映出周予同真实的史家本色。 相似文献