The Diagnosis and Context of a Facial Deformity from an Anglo‐Saxon Cemetery at Spofforth,North Yorkshire

An individual aged between 6 and 7 years at death from a 7th to 9th century cemetery at Village Farm, Spofforth, North Yorkshire, presented significant pathological swelling to the left facial bones. The ectocranial surface was bulbous and uneven, and the expanded diploë was densely packed with a mass of thick trabeculae. Radiographic and histological analysis, in combination with the macroscopically observed pathological changes, supported the differential diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia. The skeletal changes to the left face and jaw would have resulted in a significant facial deformity. Examples of individuals with physical impairments or disfigurements from Anglo‐Saxon cemeteries are rare. Nevertheless, it seems that a significant proportion are afforded unusual burial practices more often associated with deviancy, for example, at the edge of cemeteries or on a reversed orientation, seemingly indicating that their diminished physical capabilities or altered physical appearance had a detrimental effect on their social status. The child from Spofforth was, however, buried in a normative manner, extended, supine and in a plain earth‐cut grave, with no indication that their facial deformity had prompted unusual funerary provision. This example of facial disfigurement contributes to a growing corpus of potentially disabled individuals from early medieval England. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

湖南望城风篷岭一号汉墓的年代与墓主

风篷岭M1是近年来长沙地区所发掘的最为重要的大型汉墓。本文以考古资料为基础,侧重从历史学角度对该墓的墓主身份、墓葬年代及相关问题进行探讨,认为该墓下葬年代当在西汉元、成帝之际,其上限为墓中出土铭文所云之长沙元年。此长沙元年当是孝王刘宗元年,即元帝初元三年(前46年)或四年(前45年)。墓主张姬最有可能是孝王刘宗之王后,且与长汤M1墓主张端君可能均出自富平侯张安世家族。     

荆东高速公路公安县大北山六朝墓葬发掘简报

大北山墓地发掘的四座“刀”形砖室墓,分布集中,方向接近,形制相似.除M1外,其余三座各有构造不同的排水系统.共出土瓷器、陶器、铜器、铁器、银器等20余件遗物.为荆州地区六朝早期家族墓葬的研究提供了难得的资料.     

论西安北周粟特人墓和罽宾人墓的葬制和葬俗

2000～2005年,在西安市北郊发掘了北周时期的安伽墓、史君墓、康业墓和李诞墓。前3座为粟特人的墓葬,后1座为厨宾国婆罗门后裔。这表明,西安市北郊一带不仅是北周粟特人的墓地,而且也是包括厨宾人在内的旅居中国的外来人的墓地。其葬制与葬俗对于中西文化交流与丝绸之路的研究,具有重要意义。     

试论我国南方地区的宋代漏泽园遗迹——附论江苏丹阳大泊公共墓地出土的唐墓铭砖

宋代漏泽园是中国古代最完善的官办公墓制度,有关遗迹的发现研究过去集中在北方地区,南方地区还是空白（特别是南宋阶段）。本文根据作者掌握的几批南方地区出土两宋材料,结合文献记载和部分考古发现的唐代遗迹,就有关制度的渊源与火葬的关系,以及两宋漏泽园制度在南方地区实施的年代、特点和发展演变情况等进行论述,提出新的看法。     

汉代建筑明器探源

根据古文献、考古资料和相关研究成果,文章对汉代建筑明器的渊源进行了系统的分析论证,认为建筑明器的出理是西汉初期社会墓葬思想急剧变化的产物,是早期墓葬绘画所描绘建筑的物化表现,代表了墓主的部分建筑财富。并认为建筑明器在汉代墓葬中重新出现的年代应在西汉初期。     

郑韩故城新郑市二中唐墓

2004年,河南省文物考古研究所新郑工作站配合新郑市二中的基建工程,抢救性发掘了两座保存较为完好的唐代砖室墓,出土了一批较为珍贵的文物,其中一号墓除出土了铜、瓷、陶等不同质料的文物外,还出土了一合石质墓誌。墓誌中清楚地记录了墓主人的身份,并有明确的纪年——至德二载,从而为墓葬的断代提供了有力的证据。这两座唐墓的发现,对我们研究郑韩故城的历史有较重要的学术价值。     

Late Iron Age transculturalism in the northern “periphery”: understanding the long-term prehistoric occupational area of Viinivaara E,Finland

The Late Iron Age of northern Finland is often approached through an ethnic perspective. Archaeological sites are defined as local or foreign and, accordingly, linked to either Sámi or non-Sámi groups. In recent decades, the concept of transculturalism and mixing of cultural traits has been discussed by several researchers, and their work has shown that such categorizations can be questioned. Correspondingly, certain sites and artifacts found in the northern parts of Finland seem to relate to interactions and contacts instead of ethnic backgrounds. One such site was excavated at Viinivaara E in 2013 and 2014. Based on the fieldwork, the site can be linked to encounters and cultural exchange between local groups and visitors. The entangled nature of the site is understood by taking into consideration its location and landscape, but also by examining the archaeological and historical conception of Late Iron Age northern Finland in general. Further, transcultural dynamics present at the site are also tied to social development on a broader temporal and spatial scale.     

Multi-method Analysis of Avian Eggs as Grave Goods: Revealing Symbolism in Conversion Period Burials at Kukruse,NE Estonia

Eggshells are unusual finds in the Iron Age of eastern Europe (500 BC–1200 AD) deserving extra attention in terms of analysis as well as interpretation. This paper discusses two rare eggshell finds, discovered in female burials at the conversion period (12th–13th century AD) cemetery at Kukruse, NE Estonia. Our multianalytical study combining FT-IR, SEM(-EDS), microscopy and ZooMS provides an overview of methods applicable for identifying egg species, their predepositional history and curation. Based on the analytical results and the comparative analysis of the content and context of these two burials, we argue that different aims and connotations lay behind depositing eggs as burial goods, allowing well-supported interpretations of both pagan and Christian religious worldviews simultaneously.