试论楚文化对晚期蜀文化的影响

本文采用考古学方法,从青铜器、陶器、漆器、葬俗等方面,探讨了楚文化对晚期蜀文化的影响。认为以楚式青铜器对晚期蜀文化的影响为主,楚式漆器次之,陶器的影响微弱。楚国的部分葬俗也被蜀人所借鉴。秦灭蜀以前,在当时各列国中,楚文化对晚期蜀文化的影响最大。     

试论有銎铜戈

戈是中国特有的一种用于勾、啄的兵器。据考古发现可知,新石器时代晚期已出现石戈。进入阶级社会以后,铜戈开始出现。在河南偃师二里头文化夏代遗址中曾出土有铜戈。商代晚期到西周时期,戈是最重要的格斗兵器。东周时期随着作战方式的变化（即由商、西周时的车战为主变为春秋战国的骑步兵为作战的主要力量）和铁质兵器的出现及大量使用,戈的数量逐渐减少。西汉时在个别地区偶有使用,东汉时期已难觅踪迹。 在戈类兵器家族中,有一种形制特殊的戈──有銎铜戈。有銎铜戈的出土数量甚少,其存在时间也稍短于其他戈类兵器。本文仅就有銎铜…     

The role of the Italian Central Institute of Restoration in the field of underwater archaeology

In 1987, given the importance and complexity of the correct recovery and conservation procedures for underwater archaeological finds, an Underwater Archaeological Operations Unit was set up within the Italian Central Institute for Restoration. This Unit is made up of archaeologists, conservators, biologists and chemists, all of whom are underwater experts. It provides consultancy services and scientific and technical assistance for problems relating to the recovery, conservation, protection, and restoration of underwater archaeological heritage at the request of the Archaeological Superintendents. Great attention is paid to the professional training of underwater conservators. Specialized courses in the conservation of materials of underwater provenance are organized as part of its programme. This paper illustrates some of the main initiatives both in the restoration of archaeological objects and in training, in which the Institute has been involved, since the Underwater Unit was created.     

Looking for circular structures in post hole distributions: Quantitative analysis of two settlements from bronze age England

A statistical procedure is suggested for the analyses of hypothetical round-house plans among post hole patterns. The data are compared with an analogous random scattering of points and differences are noted. Plausible interpretations are contrasted with chance configurations to determine their strength. Single-link cluster analysis and statistical geometry are used. The emphasis throughout the paper is on data analysis rather than hypothesis testing.     

天水出土的兽面铜牌饰及有关问题

甘肃天水市出土的一件绿松石镶嵌的兽面纹青铜牌饰,与河南偃师二里头遗址出土的二里头文化铜牌饰的形制、风格、纹饰等均非常相似,结合甘肃东部其他与二里头陶器相似器物的分析,夏代中原地区与西北地区可能已存在着文化交流、传播等方面的联系。天水地区可能是连接中原与四川地区文化交流的纽带。三星堆等地也有铜牌饰及其他二里头文化因素,其与距离较近的陇右地区早有沟通的可能性较大。     

基于《金文资料库》的《尚书》文献用字研究(二)

殷周金是地下出土字材料,《尚书》语言是传世献,二大体可以认为是共时的语言材料。前局限于格式,后损失在历代流传抄写过程。将二进行参互比较,对于降低两种语言材料的读解难度,认识该时段语言及用字特点、频率,建立专家数据库,具有不可替代的价值。华东师大中国字研究与应用中心开发研制的《金资料库》,所收青铜器铭释对应的青铜器囊括2001年上半年以前所出土并发表共13271器,为以往任何金录形式所不及。本是在对《尚书》历代传本基本用字调查的基础上,开展基于计算机《金资料库》的《尚书》献用字研究。本所给出的有关数据,就目前而言都是穷尽性的。章的第一部分刊于‘中国字研究》第3辑。     

日本泉屋博古馆所见先秦私文书——西周青铜私文书的鼎盛

在日本泉屋博古馆展藏的中国青铜器中,西周青铜私文书的数量和字数超过了商和春秋战国,不仅如此,中国考古出土的青铜铭文器字数和数量,迄今为止,也是以西周居多。西周铸造技术的提高和普及、奴隶制度的高度完善、家庭成员思想观念的转变及留传意识的增强等,是西周青铜私文书的数量、字数以及记事的范围和内容增多的主要原因。西周是青铜私文书发展的鼎盛时期。     

Of Ships and Deer: early Western Mediterranean ship graffiti reappraised

Re‐analysis of the Hal Tarxien prehistoric ship graffiti, the incised figure on a pottery sherd, from the Neolithic site of Grapceva cave on a Croatian island, known as the ‘Hvar boat’, and the Villanovian‐Etruscan bronze razor from Bologna allow the last two to be reinterpreted as animals rather than ships, and the first to be dated to the Bronze Age Cemetery phase of the site. These findings require the earliest ship graffiti in the western Mediterranean to be reconsidered.